Mechanism for leaching of fluoride ions from carbon dross generated in high-temperature and low-lithium aluminum electrolytic systems.

Carbon dross, a hazardous solid waste generated during aluminum electrolysis, contains large amounts of soluble fluoride ions for the main components of the electrolyte (such as NaAlF and NaF). Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to investigate the mechanism for fluoride ion leaching from carbon dross via water leaching, acid leaching and alkali leaching, and the kinetic and thermodynamic principles of the leaching process were revealed. The RSM predicted the optimum conditions of water leaching, alkali leaching and acid leaching, and the conditions are as follows: temperature, 50 °C; shaking speed, 213 r·min; particle size, 0.

Comparison of bacterial community structure in PM during hazy and non-hazy periods in Guilin, South China.

Unlabelled: In recent years, significant efforts have been made to study changes in the levels of air pollutants at regional and urban scales, and changes in bioaerosols during air pollution events have attracted increasing attention. In this study, the bacterial structure of PM was analysed under different environmental conditions during hazy and non-hazy periods in Guilin. A total of 32 PM samples were collected in December 2020 and July 2021, and the microbial community structures were analysed using high-throughput sequencing methods.

Study on potential microbial community to the waste water treatment from bauxite desilication process.

Discharging waste water from the bauxite desilication process will bring potential environmental risk from the residual ions and organic compounds, especially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide. Characterization of the microbial community diversity in waste water plays an important role in the biological treatment of waste water. In this study, eight waste water samples from five flotation plants in China were investigated.

Spatial Distribution and Source of Inorganic Elements in PM During a Typical Winter Haze Episode in Guilin, China.

Guilin, a famous tourist city, is located in northeast Guangxi Province of Southwest China. However, recently, abnormal haze events occurred frequently in the winter. To characterize inorganic elements in PM and associated sources during a winter haze episode, 30 samples were collected from 6 sites in Guilin from December 16 to 20, 2016, and 24 inorganic elements were measured using an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer.

Spatial Distribution and Formation Mechanism of Water-soluble Inorganic Ions in PM During a Typical Winter Haze Episode in Guilin, China.

A 5-day PM sampling campaign was conducted during a typical haze episode from December 16 to 20, 2016, at five urban sites and one background site in Guilin, a famous tourist city in Southern China. A total of 30 PM samples were collected, and water-soluble inorganic ions (WSII) (SO, NO, NH, Ca, K Cl, Na, and Mg) were determined using ion chromatography. Correlation analysis, principal component analysis, and coefficient of divergence were applied to identify the formation mechanisms of secondary inorganic ions, potential sources, and spatial distribution of WSII.

Soft solution synthesis of ZnO films with developed superstructures.

A novel and simple two-step solution approach to prepare ZnO thin film consisted of 3D flower-like superstructure was demonstrated. The uniform, nano-dimensional scale and sphere-like ZnO crystals were first prepared on the borosilicate glass substrate in mild solution at 95 degrees C for 3 h, then introduced into 0.02 mol L(-1) hexamethylenetetramine (HMT, C6H12N4) aqueous solution and heated at the same temperature for 3 d.

Synthesis and Characterization of ZnO Nanorods and Nanodisks from Zinc Chloride Aqueous Solution.

ZnO nanorods and nanodisks were synthesized by solution process using zinc chloride as starting material. The morphology of ZnO crystal changed greatly depending on the concentrations of Zn(2+) ion and ethylene glycohol (EG) additive in the solution. The effect of thermal treatment on the morphology was investigated.