PACT-3D, a deep learning algorithm for pneumoperitoneum detection in abdominal CT scans.

Delays or misdiagnoses in detecting pneumoperitoneum can significantly increase mortality and morbidity. We developed and validated a deep learning model designed to identify pneumoperitoneum in computed tomography images. The model is trained on abdominal scans from Far Eastern Memorial Hospital (January 2012-December 2021) and evaluated using a simulated test set (14,039 scans) and a prospective test set (6351 scans) collected from the same center between December 2022 and May 2023.

Structure-Based High-Efficiency Homogeneous Antibody Platform by Endoglycosidase Sz Provides Insights into Its Transglycosylation Mechanism.

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have gradually dominated the drug markets for various diseases. Improvement of the therapeutic activities of mAbs has become a critical issue in the pharmaceutical industry. A novel endo-β--acetylglucosaminidase, EndoSz, from is discovered and applied to enhance the activities of mAbs.

Comparative assessment of established and deep learning-based segmentation methods for hippocampal volume estimation in brain magnetic resonance imaging analysis.

In this study, our objective was to assess the performance of two deep learning-based hippocampal segmentation methods, SynthSeg and TigerBx, which are readily available to the public. We contrasted their performance with that of two established techniques, FreeSurfer-Aseg and FSL-FIRST, using three-dimensional T1-weighted MRI scans (n = 1447) procured from public databases. Our evaluation focused on the accuracy and reproducibility of these tools in estimating hippocampal volume.

Virtual MOLLI Target: Generative Adversarial Networks Toward Improved Motion Correction in MRI Myocardial T1 Mapping.

Background: The modified Look-Locker inversion recovery (MOLLI) sequence is commonly used for myocardial T1 mapping. However, it acquires images with different inversion times, which causes difficulty in motion correction for respiratory-induced misregistration to a given target image.

Hypothesis: Using a generative adversarial network (GAN) to produce virtual MOLLI images with consistent heart positions can reduce respiratory-induced misregistration of MOLLI datasets.

Sub-MIC streptomycin and tetracycline enhanced Guangzhou-SAU749 biofilm formation, an in-depth study on transcriptomics.

is a major human pathogen, a potential "Super-bug" and a typical biofilm forming bacteria. With usage of large amount of antibiotics, the residual antibiotics in clinical settings further complicate the colonization, pathogenesis and resistance of . This study aimed at investigating the phenotypical and global gene expression changes on biofilm formation of a clinical isolate treated under different types of antibiotics.

Antimicrobial Resistance, SCC, Virulence and Genotypes of MRSA in Southern China for 7 Years: Filling the Gap of Molecular Epidemiology.

As the prevalence of infections is of worldwide concern, phenotype and genotype in prevalent MRSA strains require longitudinal investigation. In this study, the antibiotic resistance, virulence gene acquisition, and molecular type were determined on a large scale of nosocomial strains in Southern China during 2009-2015. Bacterial identification and antimicrobial susceptibility to 10 antibiotics were tested by Vitek-2.

Single breath-hold MR T1 mapping in the heart: Hybrid MOLLI combining saturation and inversion recovery.

The native T1 values of the myocardium provide valuable information for tissue characterization and assessment of cardiomyopathies. In this study, we proposed a novel hybrid MOLLI sequence for myocardial T1 mapping. Unlike the two groups of inversion-recovery sampling of the conventional MOLLI5(3 s)3 sequence, the hybrid MOLLI sequence consisted of an inversion-recovery block followed by a saturation-recovery block.

Deriving a robust deep-learning model for subcortical brain segmentation by using a large-scale database: Preprocessing, reproducibility, and accuracy of volume estimation.

Increasing the accuracy and reproducibility of subcortical brain segmentation is advantageous in various related clinical applications. In this study, we derived a segmentation method based on a convolutional neural network (i.e.

Deep learning-based classification for lung opacities in chest x-ray radiographs through batch control and sensitivity regulation.

In this study, we implemented a system to classify lung opacities from frontal chest x-ray radiographs. We also proposed a training method to address the class imbalance problem presented in the dataset. We participated in the Radiological Society of America (RSNA) 2018 Pneumonia Detection Challenge and used the datasets provided by the RSNA for further research.

Blockade of interleukin-6 receptor attenuates apoptosis and modulates the inflammatory response in Mycoplasma pneumoniae infected A549 cells.

Objective: To investigate the effect of silencing the interleukin (IL)-6 gene on the induction of inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis in Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) infected A549 cells and its mechanism of action.

Methods: IL-6 small interfering RNA (siRNA) was synthesized and transfected into A549 cells, which were divided into a blank control group, a negative control group, and an IL-6 siRNA group. The mRNA and protein expression of IL-6 and the protein expression of CyclinD1, Cleaved caspase-3, Bax, B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), phosphorylated STAT3 (p-STAT3), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 were measured.

Corrigendum: First report on the rapid detection and identification of methicillin-resistant (MRSA) in viable but non-culturable (VBNC) under food storage conditions.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.

Microbial Interaction between Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae: Transcriptome Level Mechanism of Cell-Cell Antagonism.

Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae are frequently co-isolated in food, although playing different roles. This study aimed at investigating the microbial interaction between L. plantarum and S.

Byproduct formation during the biosynthesis of spinosyn A and evidence for an enzymatic interplay to prevent its formation.

Biosynthesis of spinosyn A in involves a 1,4-dehydration followed by an intramolecular [4 + 2]-cycloaddition catalyzed by SpnM and SpnF, respectively. The cycloaddition also takes place in the absence of SpnF leading to questions regarding its mechanism of catalysis and biosynthetic role. Substrate analogs were prepared with an unactivated dienophile or an acyclic structure and found to be unreactive consistent with the importance of these features for cyclization.

Establishment and application of a rapid visual detection method for based on polymerase spiral reaction (PSR).

is a common foodborne pathogen that presents in various food products, posing important threat to public health. The aim of this study was to establish a rapid and sensitive method with visualization to detect based on polymerase spiral reaction (PSR). Primers targeting conserved gene sequence of were designed based on bioinformatics analyses on the current available genomes.

Improving diagnosing performance for malignant parotid gland tumors using machine learning with multifeatures based on diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging.

In this study, the performance of machine learning in classifying parotid gland tumors based on diffusion-related features obtained from the parotid gland tumor, the peritumor parotid gland, and the contralateral parotid gland was evaluated. Seventy-eight patients participated in this study and underwent magnetic resonance diffusion-weighted imaging. Three regions of interest, including the parotid gland tumor, the peritumor parotid gland, and the contralateral parotid gland, were manually contoured for 92 tumors, including 20 malignant tumors (MTs), 42 Warthin tumors (WTs), and 30 pleomorphic adenomas (PMAs).

Regulatory network controls microbial biofilm development, with as a representative: from adhesion to dispersal.

Microorganisms mainly exist in the form of biofilm in nature. Biofilm can contaminate food and drinking water system, as well as cause chronic wound infections, thereby posing a potential threat to public health safety. In the last two decades, researchers have made efforts to investigate the genetic contributors control different stages of biofilm development (adherence, initiation, maturation, and dispersal).

Development of a Direct and Rapid Detection Method for Viable but Non-culturable State of .

may significantly reduce the pH-value, and thus has different influence, including serving as a probiotic in human microbiota but a spoilage in human food as it could change the flavor. is also capable of entering into the viable but non-culturable (VBNC) state causing false negative results of standard culture-based detection method. Thus, development of detection method for VBNC state is of great significance.

Pathogenic and Virulence Factor Detection on Viable but Non-culturable Methicillin-Resistant .

Food safety and foodborne infections and diseases have been a leading hotspot in public health, and methicillin-resistant (MRSA) has been recently documented to be an important foodborne pathogen, in addition to its recognition to be a leading clinical pathogen for some decades. Standard identification for MRSA has been commonly performed in both clinical settings and food routine detection; however, most of such so-called "standards," "guidelines," or "gold standards" are incapable of detecting viable but non-culturable (VBNC) cells. In this study, two major types of staphylococcal food poisoning (SFP), staphylococcal enterotoxins A () and staphylococcal enterotoxins B (), as well as the panton-valentine leucocidin () genes, were selected to develop a cross-priming amplification (CPA) method.

Preclinical Studies of OBI-999: A Novel Globo H-Targeting Antibody-Drug Conjugate.

Globo H (GH), a hexasaccharide, is expressed at low levels in normal tissues but is highly expressed in multiple cancer types, rendering it a promising target for cancer immunotherapy. OBI-999, a novel antibody-drug conjugate, is derived from a conjugation of a GH-specific mAb with a monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) payload through a site-specific ThioBridge and a cleavable linker. OBI-999 high homogeneity with a drug-to-antibody ratio of 4 (>95%) was achieved using ThioBridge.

Polymicrobial interaction between and : coexistence-relevant mechanisms.

The coordination of single or multiple microorganisms are required for the manufacture of traditional fermented foods, improving the flavour and nutrition of the food materials. However, both the additional economic benefits and safety concerns have been raised by microbiotas in fermented products. Among the fermented products, and are one of the stable microbiotas, suggesting their interaction is mediated by coexistence-relevant mechanisms and prevent to be excluded by other microbial species.

Categorizing SHR and WKY rats by chi2 algorithm and decision tree.

Classifying mental disorder is a big issue in psychology in recent years. This article focuses on offering a relation between decision tree and encoding of fMRI that can simplify the analysis of different mental disorders and has a high ROC over 0.9.