Lewis-Acid-Catalyzed (3+2) Annulation of 2-Indolylmethanols with Propargylic Alcohols to Access Cyclopenta[]indoles.

Herein, a Sc(OTf)-catalyzed (3+2) annulation of 2-indolylmethanols with propargylic alcohols is reported. The reaction proceeds via a Friedel-Crafts-type allenylation/5-exo-annulation cascade. In the reaction, 2-indolylmethanol is used as a three-carbon synthon, and propargyl alcohol is used as a two-carbon synthon.

Enantioselective synthesis of α,α-diarylketones by sequential visible light photoactivation and phosphoric acid catalysis.

Chiral ketones and their derivatives are useful synthetic intermediates for the synthesis of biologically active natural products and medicinally relevant molecules. Nevertheless, general and broadly applicable methods for enantioenriched acyclic α,α-disubstituted ketones, especially α,α-diarylketones, remain largely underdeveloped, owing to the easy racemization. Here, we report a visible light photoactivation and phosphoric acid-catalyzed alkyne-carbonyl metathesis/transfer hydrogenation one-pot reaction using arylalkyne, benzoquinone, and Hantzsch ester for the expeditious synthesis of α,α-diarylketones with excellent yields and enantioselectivities.

Probing the interaction between metastatic breast cancer cells and osteoblasts in a thread-based breast-bone co-culture device.

Breast cancer metastasis to bone is a leading killer in breast cancer patients. A type I collagen-modified thread (Col-I@thread) was prepared for 3-dimensional cell culture and breast cancer bone metastasis co-culture device assembly. First, the coating of Col-I on nylon threads for promoting cell adhesion and growth was studied.

Bismuth(III)-Catalyzed 1,8-Addition/Cyclization/Rearrangement of Propargylic -Quinone Methides with 2-Vinylphenol: Synthesis of Indeno[2,1-]chromenes.

The unique reactivity of generated propargylic quinone methides as a new type of five-carbon synthon has been discovered by a novel bismuth(III)-catalyzed tandem annulation reaction. This 1,8-addition/cyclization/rearrangement cyclization cascade reaction is characterized by unusual structural reconstruction of 2-vinylphenol, involving cleavage of the C1'═C2' bond and formation of four new bonds. This method provides a convenient and mild approach to generate synthetically important functionalized indeno[2,1-]chromenes.

Riboflavin concentration in corneal stroma after intracameral injection.

Aim: To evaluate the enrichment of riboflavin in the corneal stroma after intracameral injection to research the barrier ability of the corneal endothelium to riboflavin in vivo.

Methods: The right eyes of 30 New Zealand white rabbits were divided into three groups. Different concentrations riboflavin-balanced salt solutions (BSS) were injected into the anterior chamber (10 with 0.

Clinical evaluation of pranoprofen combined with fluorometholone eye drops on postoperative reaction of corneal cross-linking.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of pranoprofen eye drops for reducing postoperative ocular pain and inflammation after corneal cross-linking (CXL).

Methods: Twenty-seven patients (38 eyes) with keratoconus undergoing CXL were examined and randomly divided into control (12 cases; 18 eyes) and experimental groups (15 cases; 20 eyes). The patients in the control group were given fluorometholone eye drops, and those in the experimental group were administered with fluorometholone combined with pranoprofen eye drops．Corneal irritation and haze were compared between the two groups at 1 month postoperatively．

Results: At 1 to 3 days after surgery, the corneal irritation in the experimental group was significantly reduced compared with that in the control group (P<0.