Genome-wide DNA methylation landscape of four Chinese populations and epigenetic variation linked to Tibetan high-altitude adaptation.

DNA methylation (DNAm) is one of the major epigenetic mechanisms in humans and is important in diverse cellular processes. The variation of DNAm in the human population is related to both genetic and environmental factors. However, the DNAm profiles have not been investigated in the Chinese population of diverse ethnicities.

A Review of Graphene-Based Materials/Polymer Composite Aerogels.

The fabrication of composite materials is an effective way to improve the performance of a single material and expand its application range. In recent years, graphene-based materials/polymer composite aerogels have become a hot research field for preparing high-performance composites due to their special synergistic effects in mechanical and functional properties. In this paper, the preparation methods, structures, interactions, properties, and applications of graphene-based materials/polymer composite aerogels are discussed, and their development trend is projected.

Anti-VEGF Therapy Possibly Extends Survival in Patients With Colorectal Brain Metastasis by Protecting Patients From Neurologic Disability.

Background: Colorectal brain metastases (CBMs) are rare with poor prognosis. There is still no standard systemic treatment for multiple or unresectable CBM. our study aimed to explore the impact of anti-VEGF therapy on overall survival, brain-specific disease control, and neurologic symptom burden in patients with CBM.

Enantio- and diastereodivergent synthesis of fused indolizines enabled by synergistic Cu/Ir catalysis.

Highly diastereo-/enantioselective assembly of 2,3-fused indolizine derivatives could be easily available through a cascade allylation/Friedel-Crafts type reaction enabled by a synergistic Cu/Ir catalysis. This designed protocol provides an unprecedented and facile route to enantioenriched indolizines bearing three stereogenic centers in moderate to high yields with excellent stereoselective control, which also featured broad substrate generality. Remarkably, four stereoisomers of the 2,3-fused indolizine products could be efficiently constructed in a predictable manner through the pairwise combination of copper and iridium catalysts.

Ultrasound-assisted free radical modification on the structural and functional properties of ovalbumin-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) conjugates.

The influence of ultrasound-assisted free radical modification on the structure and functional properties of ovalbumin-epigallocatechin gallate (OVA-EGCG) conjugates was investigated by experimental measurements and computer simulations. Compared with the traditional free radical condition, the ultrasonic-assisted processing significantly increased the conjugating efficiency of OVA and EGCG and shortened the conjugating from 24 h to 1 h without affecting the equivalent amount of EGCG conjugating. The sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and multi-spectroscopy analysis (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, intrinsic fluorescence spectroscopy, and UV spectroscopy) indicated that the covalent conjugates could be formed between OVA and EGCG.

Error profiles of facial emotion recognition in frontotemporal dementia and Alzheimer's disease.

Objectives: To identify the patterns of errors in facial emotion recognition in frontotemporal dementia (FTD) subtypes compared with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and healthy controls.

Design: Retrospective analysis.

Setting: Participants were recruited from FRONTIER, the frontotemporal dementia research group at the University of Sydney, Australia.

Inhibition of TANK-binding kinase1 attenuates the astrocyte-mediated neuroinflammatory response through YAP signaling after spinal cord injury.

Aims: TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) is involved in regulating the pathological process of a variety of inflammatory diseases in the central nervous system. However, its role and underlying molecular mechanisms in spinal cord injury (SCI) remain largely unknown.

Methods: We employed the TBK1 inhibitor amlexanox (ALX) to address this question.

A review of additives use in straw composting.

Straw composting is not only a process of decomposition and re-synthesis of organic matter, but also a process of harmless treatment, avoiding air pollution caused by straw burning. Many factors, including raw materials, humidity, C/N, and microbial structure, may determine the composting process and the quality of final product. In recent years, many researches have focused on composting quality improvement by adding one or more exogenous substances, including inorganic additives, organic additives, and microbial agents.

LIFR recruits HGF-producing neutrophils to promote liver injury repair and regeneration.

The molecular links between tissue repair and tumorigenesis remain elusive. Here, we report that loss of the liver tumor suppressor in mouse hepatocytes impairs the recruitment and activity of reparative neutrophils, resulting in the inhibition of liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy or toxic injuries. On the other hand, overexpression of LIFR promotes liver repair and regeneration after injury.

Long noncoding RNA Malat1 inhibits Tead3-Nfatc1-mediated osteoclastogenesis to suppress osteoporosis and bone metastasis.

MALAT1, one of the few highly conserved nuclear long noncoding RNAs (IncRNAs), is abundantly expressed in normal tissues. Previously, targeted inactivation and genetic rescue experiments identified MALAT1 as a suppressor of breast cancer lung metastasis. On the other hand, Malat1-knockout mice are viable and develop normally.

Interface Wetting Driven by Laplace Pressure on Multiscale Topographies and Its Application to Performance Enhancement of Metal-Composite Hybrid Structure.

Surface topography reconstruction is extensively used to address the issue of weak bonding at the polymer-metal interface of metal-composite hybrid structure, while enhancement from this approach is seriously impaired by insufficient interface wetting. In this study, the wetting behavior of polymer on aluminum surfaces with multiscale topographies was theoretically and experimentally investigated to realize stable and complete wetting. Geometric dimensions of multiscale surface topographies have a notable impact on interfacial forces at the three-phase contact line of polymer/air/aluminum, and a competition exists between Laplace pressure and bubble pressure in dominating the wetting behavior.

Study of Flow Stress Models and Ductile Fracture Criteria for CHN327 Nickel-Based Superalloy.

The plastic deformation behavior of a CHN327 nickel-based superalloy under temperatures ranging from 600 °C to 700 °C and strain rates ranging from 0.001 to 0.1 s was investigated using uniaxial high-temperature tensile tests.

Facile solvent-free radical polymerization to prepare itaconate-functionalized hydrochar for efficient sorption of methylene blue and Pb(II).

An itaconate-functionalized hydrochar (IFHC) was prepared from one-step solvent-free radical copolymerization of bamboo hydrochar, itaconic acid, ammonium persulphate and sodium hydroxide in solvent-free environment, and was employed to absorb methylene blue (MB) and Pb(II) from wastewater. Characterizations show IFHC has rich carboxylate and tends to adsorb cationic contaminants. The largest adsorbed quantities of MB and Pb(II) by IFHC are up to 1036 and 291.

Identification and characterization of extrachromosomal circular DNA in patients with high myopia and cataract.

To explore the presence of extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) in the anterior capsule of the lens in the eyes of patients with cataract and with high myopia. Circle-Seq was performed to identify differences in the eccDNA and gene expression between the anterior capsule of the lens of patients with simple nuclear cataract (C,  = 6 cases) and patients with nuclear cataract along with high myopia (HM,  = 6 cases). The expression of eccDNA was confirmed using routine quantitative polymerase chain reaction.

The correlation between lumbar interlaminar space size on plain radiograph and spinal stenosis.

Purpose: Investigating the correlation between the interlaminar space size on plain radiograph and lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS).

Methods: 100 Patients with LSS and 100 normal participants without LSS were included in this study. Lumbar interlaminar parameters were measured on plain radiographs.

A mineral-based origin of Earth's initial hydrogen peroxide and molecular oxygen.

Terrestrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) may have played a central role in the formation of oxic environments and evolution of early life. The abiotic origin of ROS on the Archean Earth has been heavily studied, and ROS are conventionally thought to have originated from HO/CO dissociation. Here, we report experiments that lead to a mineral-based source of oxygen, rather than water alone.

Effects of blackberry polysaccharide on the quality improvement of boiled chicken breast.

Blackberry polysaccharide was isolated from blackberry powder with 70% ethanol. The crude polysaccharide was composed of 95.44% glucose, 2.

Evaluation of the immunization effectiveness of bOPV booster immunization and IPV revaccination.

To provide a basis for further optimization of the polio sequential immunization schedule, this study evaluated the effectiveness of booster immunization with one dose of bivalent oral poliovirus vaccine (bOPV) at 48 months of age after different primary polio immunization schedules. At 48 months of age, one dose of bOPV was administered, and their poliovirus types 1-3 (PV1, PV2, and PV3, respectively)-specific neutralizing antibody levels were determined. Participants found to be negative for any type of PV-specific neutralizing antibody at 24, 36, or 48 months of age were re-vaccinated with inactivated polio vaccine (IPV).

Comparison of Rehabilitation Training at Different Timepoints to Restore Shoulder Function in Patients With Breast Cancer After Lymph Node Dissection: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: To investigate whether advancing the initiation of rehabilitation training compared with the time recommended by the guidelines after breast cancer (BC) surgery is beneficial to the recovery of shoulder function and quality of life.

Design: Prospective, observational, single center, randomized controlled trial.

Setting: The study was conducted between September 2018 and December 2019, with a 12-week supervised intervention and 6-week home-exercise period concluding in May 2020.

The Clinical Application of Ultra-Fast-Track Cardiac Anesthesia in Right-Thoracoscopic Minimally Invasive Cardiac Surgery: A Retrospective Observational Study.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of ultra-fast-track cardiac anesthesia (UFTCA) on rapid postoperative recovery in patients undergoing right-thoracoscopic minimally invasive cardiac surgery.

Design: A retrospective observational study.

Setting: A single large teaching hospital.

Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy for Recurrent Nephroblastoma in Children.

Conclusion: For children with recurrent nephroblastoma, intraoperative HIPEC has little impact on the body, can significantly improve the effectiveness and reduce the recurrence rate, and does not increase the adverse reactions.

Key Words: Children, Recurrence, Nephroblastoma, Hyperthermic perfusion.

Methodology: Sixty children with recurrent nephroblastoma treated by HIPEC in the Department of Surgical Oncology were analysed and divided into group A and group B, according to different perfused drugs.

Development and validation of a nomogram to predict the risk of surgical site infection within 1 month after transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion.

Objective: Surgical site infection (SSI), a common serious complication within 1 month after transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF), usually leads to poor prognosis and even death. The objective of this study is to investigate the factors related to SSI within 1 month after TLIF. We have developed a dynamic nomogram to change treatment or prevent infection based on accurate predictions.