Antioxidants protect against diabetes by improving glucose homeostasis in mouse models of inducible insulin resistance and obesity.

Aims/hypothesis: In the context of diabetes, the health benefit of antioxidant treatment has been widely debated. In this study, we investigated the effect of antioxidant treatment during the development of insulin resistance and hyperphagia in obesity and partial lipodystrophy.

Methods: We studied the role of antioxidants in the regulation of insulin resistance using the tamoxifen-inducible fat-specific insulin receptor knockout (iFIRKO) mouse model, which allowed us to analyse the antioxidant's effect in a time-resolved manner.

TaqIA polymorphism in dopamine D2 receptor gene complicates weight maintenance in younger obese patients.

Objective: The A1 allele of the TaqIA polymorphism in the dopamine D2 receptor gene (rs1800497) has been associated with obesity. However, the effect of the polymorphism on the success in weight loss and/or weight maintenance during weight-loss programs has not been evaluated thus far.

Methods: The rs1800497 was genotyped in 202 (135 female, 67 male) severely obese individuals with an initial body mass index of 41.

Regulation of adipocyte formation by GLP-1/GLP-1R signaling.

Increased nutrient intake leads to excessive adipose tissue accumulation, obesity, and the development of associated metabolic disorders. How the intestine signals to adipose tissue to adapt to increased nutrient intake, however, is still not completely understood. We show here, that the gut peptide GLP-1 or its long-lasting analog liraglutide, function as intestinally derived signals to induce adipocyte formation, both in vitro and in vivo.