External Ventricular Drain-Related Infection in Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage.

Objective: We aimed to analyze infection rates in patients with spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage who underwent surgical external ventricular drain (EVD) placement.

Methods: This prospective study included 94 consecutive patients who required an EVD for spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage at the Neurosurgery Department of Hospital Cristo Redentor, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

Results: The mean duration of EVD use was 7 days.

Prognostic value of intraventricular bleeding in spontaneous intraparenchymal cerebral hemorrhage of small volume: a prospective cohort study.

Background: The literature is controversial on whether intraventricular bleeding has a negative impact on the prognosis of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage. Nevertheless, an association between intraventricular bleeding and spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage volumes has been consistently reported.

Objective: To evaluate the prognostic value of intraventricular bleeding in deep intraparenchymal hypertensive spontaneous hemorrhage with a bleeding volume <30 cm(3).

Herniation of the cerebellar tonsils after suprasellar arachnoid cyst shunt: case report.

It is known that the caudal dislocation of the cerebellar tonsils may occur associated with clinical conditions such as an intracranial mass lesion or Chiari I and II malformation. It may also be acquired after repeated lumbar punctures or lumboperitoneostomy. The occurrence of cerebellar herniation after derivation of intracranial arachnoid cyst is extremely rare, and there are only three cases reported in the medical literature.

Ammonia potentiates methylmalonic acid-induced convulsions and TBARS production.

Hyperammonemia is a common finding in children with methylmalonic acidemia, an inherited metabolic disease characterized by mental retardation, convulsions, and accumulation of methylmalonic acid (MMA). Although it has been suggested that MMA induces convulsions through succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) inhibition, very little is known about the contribution of hyperammonemia to the development of convulsions in these patients. In the present study we investigated the effects of ammonium ions on the convulsant action of MMA, MMA-induced inhibition of striatal succinate dehydrogenase, and the striatal content of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS).