This study aims to introduce a new formula for pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP) derived from the pathophysiology of Velocity A (VA) waves. The current formula is the the Nagueh formula. Left ventricular (LV) filling is described as a velocity A (VA) wave.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Heart failure (HF) is a common condition with high morbidity and mortality in Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA), especially in obese patient. The causes of HF are often abnormal conduction pathways, pump filling and/or heart valves. Right heart catheterization using Swan-Ganz catheter remains the gold standard to determine pulmonary hemodynamics, but it is costly and invasive.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLarge volume paracentesis may cause paracentesis induced circulatory dysfunction (PICD). Albumin is recommended to prevent this abnormality. Meanwhile, the price of albumin is too expensive and there should be another alternative that may prevent PICD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF