[PLUTONIUM AND LIFETIME REDUCTION AMONG PROFESSIONAL WORKERS FSUE].

The objective of the study is the assessment of lifetime in the cohort of Mayak PA workers employed in 1948-1958 and exposed to incorporated Pu-239. The decrease of age at death 5.2 years among males and 6.

[Interaction of genetic and radiation factors in the realization of effects of radiation in humans].

The results of the study of the interaction of genetic and radiation factors in the effects of radiation in humans exposed to external and (or) internal radiation are presented. In most cases, with relatively less radiation exposure genotypic differences in the effects of exposure were established to be absent. At high intensities of radiation exposure, however, these differences as a rule have reliable character.

[The parameters of genetic variability and of selection in offsprings of exposed humans].

Mayak workers offsprings parameters of genetic variability including heterozygosity, genetic combinations, quantitative characteristics of genetic class reproduction, genetic identity and intervals, and parameters of selection including relative adaptation of genetic classes and mean adaptation depending on preconceptive doses of parents' exposure were studied. Genetic markers of Mayak workers, their children and grandchildren were defined. Children whose parents had preconceptive doses of more than 200 cGy in comparison with the control group had the heterozygosity reduction by Hp system and tendency to the mean heterozygosity reduction studied genetic system.

[Distribution of genetic markers in offsprings of irradiated individuals].

For the estimation of radiation exposure on genetic processes in Mayak PA population we studied the distribution of a number of genetic markers in offsprings of Mayak PA workers depending on radiation (preconceptive and antenatal chronic exteral gamma-radiation) and non-radiation (age-sex characteristics of children and age characteristics of parents to the moment of conception) factors. Relatively unfavorable changes in distribution of genotypes and genes of haptoglobin genetic system in offsprings, whose parents (one or both) were exposed to external gamma-radiation in preconceptive cumulative dose of more than 200 cGy were detected. The most obvious reason of such changes may consist in directed gametic selection (Hp2 allele versus Hp1 allele) which turns out in abnormalities of segregation of Hp2-1 heterozygote that have both alleles.

[Some health parameters in personnel contacting highly enriched uranium].

The authors analysed 20-years and longer observations over health state of personnel having occupational contact with highly enriched uranium. Findings are no determined effects as clinical manifestations of chronic uranium intoxication, presented by most frequently involved systems (hemopoietic, bronchopulmonary) and main organs accumulating uranium (liver, kidneys, bones). Long-term observations revealed malignancies in 11% of the examinees.

[The role of genetic factors in human radioresistance].

The role of genetic factors in the development of chronic radiation disease (CRD), mostly caused by occupational external gamma-exposure, was evaluated. The data of molecular genetic survey of a cohort of 985 workers at the nuclear power plant, the Mayak PA, were analyzed. Among the genetic markers tested, an association between the haptoglobin (Hp) genetic system and the development of CRD was established.

[Genotype analysis of biochemical status in people irradiated with significant doses of radiation].

416 workers of the enterprise of a nuclear industry aged from 52 to 78 years exposed to chronic influence of external gamma-irradiation in summary dozes 1.0-7.56 Gy and plutonium-239 incorporation, (in 32.

[The estimation of the level of mutations at the glycophorin A locus in subjects exposed to the chronic action of ionizing radiation].

11 persons, who had been irradiated chronically at low dose rate under occupational conditions in 1950s in doses 220-581 cGy according data of individual film dosimeters, and 5 control persons were examined regarding the level of glycophorin A (GPA) mutation type NO and NN in blood erythrocytes. Significantly higher level of GPA mutations type NO was registered in average in the group of exposed persons (23.2 +/- 4.

[Age-related dynamics of the genetic marker distribution in an irradiated population. Haptoglobin genetic system].

The age dynamics of haptoglobin (Hp) type and allele distribution was studied in 985 workers aged 35-79 years who worked in the atomic industry. These workers were exposed to chronic radiation in a wide range of doses 17-40 years ago. Along with the chi 2 test, the relative and attributive risks of elimination of Hp types and alleles were determined to obtain the qualitative characteristics of age alterations.

[Analysis of the connection between the level of protein fractions and immunoglobulins in blood serum with irradiation in nuclear power enterprise workers].

989 workers of atomic industry at the age from 35 to 78 years old subjected to the general external gamma radiation and incorporation of plutonium 239 in a wide range of doses about 17-40 years ago have been examined for the protein indices with the radiation effect bearing in mind nine non-radiation factors. The step-by-step regression analysis revealed a positive linear link for the total protein level, absolute content of alpha-I-globulins with the total dose of external gamma radiation. Increasing of serum proteins entropy, correlated with external radiation by protein shifts effect, had not coincided with its age increasing.

[Uric acid in blood serum and incidence of hyperuricemia in irradiated people. Connection with radioactive and nonradioactive factors].

A total of 1,002 workers aged 36 to 72 years who were engaged in atomic industry and exposed to external gamma-irradiation and incorporated plutonium 239 in a wide dosage range. The levels of uric acid (UA), the incidence of hyperuricemia and their association with 2 radiation and 12 nonradiation factors were studied in the examinees. There was a positive correlation between the purine metabolic parameters and the total dosage of external gamma-irradiation, sex (UC levels were higher in males than in females), body weight index, essential hypertension, and the type of haptoglobin 1-1.

[Distribution of haptoglobin types and their significance in biochemical and immunologic indicators in persons exposed to low radiation doses].

Haptoglobin (Hp) polymorphism and its significance for changes in biochemical and immunological parameters was analyzed in personnel of a nuclear plant receiving doses of external and internal irradiation close to maximum permissible levels. The distribution of Hp types and frequencies of alleles Hp in the group of probands asa a whole (1-1 - 14.1%; 2-1 - 49.

[Distribution of haptoglobin genotypes among persons subjected to chronic occupational irradiation in significant doses].

Haptoglobin (Hp) genotype distribution was studied on 508 individuals from 52 to 78 years of age exposed 35-40 years ago to occupational chronic irradiation at doses considerably exceeding the maximally allowable level. Essential and noncoinciding changes in Hp genotype distribution were found among individuals who were exposed to total doses of external chi-irradiation exceeding 500 cGy or with 239-Pu incorporation exceeding 7.4 kBq.

[Haptoglobin phenotypes and biochemical parameters of blood serum].

Haptoglobin (Hp) phenotypes were determined in 646 subjects aged 25 to 76. Hp phenotype distribution in the examinees (13.6% for type 1-1; 49.

[Metabolic processes in humans exposed to high doses of chronic radiation].

The study covered the metabolic parameters in a total of 390 workers of atomic industry, who received the total surface dose of gamma rays equal to 1.0-7.5 Gy and periodic excessive incorporation of plutonium-239.

[Haptoglobin phenotypes and serum enzyme activity].

Haptoglobin (Hp) phenotypes were determined by thin-layer polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in 2071 normal Russians, Tatars, and Bashkirs. Hp phenotype distribution was found similar in these populations, making up 13.4% for Hp 1-1, 48% for Hp 1-2, 38.