Prophylactic Use of Biologic Mesh in Ileal Conduit (PUBMIC): A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Purpose: We assessed the effect of prophylactic biologic mesh on parastomal hernia (PSH) development in patients undergoing cystectomy and ileal conduit (IC).

Materials And Methods: This phase 3, randomized, controlled trial (NCT02439060) included 146 patients who underwent cystectomy and IC at the University of Southern California between 2015 and 2021. Follow-ups were physical exam and CT every 4 to 6 months up to 2 years.

Sarcopenia and body fat change as risk factors for radiologic incisional hernia following robotic nephrectomy.

Objective: To assess the effect of body muscle and fat metrics on the development of radiologic incisional hernia (IH) following robotic nephrectomy.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the records of patients who underwent robotic nephrectomy for kidney tumors between 2011 and 2017. All pre- and postoperative CTs were re-reviewed by experienced radiologists for detection of radiologic IH and calculation of the following metrics using Synapse 3D software: cross-sectional psoas muscle mass at the level of L3 and L4 as well as subcutaneous and visceral fat areas.

Predicting Perceived Reporting Complexity of Abdominopelvic Computed Tomography With Deep Learning.

Objective: The purpose of this pilot study was to examine human and automated estimates of reporting complexity for computed tomography (CT) studies of the abdomen and pelvis.

Methods: A total of 1019 CT studies were reviewed and categorized into 3 complexity categories by 3 abdominal radiologists, and the majority classification was used as ground truth. Studies were randomized into a training set of 498 studies and a test set of 521 studies.

The assessment of sarcopenia using psoas muscle thickness per height is not predictive of post-operative complications in IBD.

Background: Sarcopenia is associated with postoperative complications in inflammatory bowel disease. It has most commonly been defined using the skeletal muscle index, computed after analysis of cross-sectional muscle area at L3. Psoas muscle thickness normalized to height (PMTH), which is easier to derive, is a potential surrogate of SMI and sarcopenia in patients with cirrhosis and chronic pancreatitis.

Natural History of Radiologic Incisional Hernia Following Robotic Nephrectomy.

To evaluate the incidence and natural history of radiologic incisional hernia (IH) in patients who underwent robotic partial or radical nephrectomy. We retrospectively reviewed the records of patients who underwent robotic partial or radical nephrectomy for kidney tumor in our institution between January 2011 and April 2017. All pre- and postoperative imagings were re-reviewed for detection of IH per Tonouchi classification.

Tricuspid Annular Diameter Measurement on Routine Chest CT Can Detect Significant Tricuspid Regurgitation.

The objective of this study was to determine if moderate to severe tricuspid regurgitation (TR) can be predicted on routine non-ECG-gated CT images of the chest with contrast agent. Non-ECG-gated CT images of the chest in 674 people who had undergone echocardiography within 24 hours of CT were retrospectively reviewed. CT images were reviewed, and measurements of the tricuspid annular diameter were recorded.

Refining Convolutional Neural Network Detection of Small-Bowel Obstruction in Conventional Radiography.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate improvement of convolutional neural network detection of high-grade small-bowel obstruction on conventional radiographs with increased training set size.

Materials And Methods: A set of 2210 abdominal radiographs from one institution (image set 1) had been previously classified into obstructive and nonobstructive categories by consensus judgments of three abdominal radiologists. The images were used to fine-tune an initial convolutional neural network classifier (stage 1).

Living donor liver transplantation: post-operative imaging follow-up of right lobe liver donors.

Purpose: To identify long-term post-operative imaging findings resulting from right lobe liver donation.

Methods: This retrospective imaging review consisted of 42 adults (20 males, 22 females, mean age 36.6 years, range 18.

Detection of high-grade small bowel obstruction on conventional radiography with convolutional neural networks.

The purpose of this pilot study is to determine whether a deep convolutional neural network can be trained with limited image data to detect high-grade small bowel obstruction patterns on supine abdominal radiographs. Grayscale images from 3663 clinical supine abdominal radiographs were categorized into obstructive and non-obstructive categories independently by three abdominal radiologists, and the majority classification was used as ground truth; 74 images were found to be consistent with small bowel obstruction. Images were rescaled and randomized, with 2210 images constituting the training set (39 with small bowel obstruction) and 1453 images constituting the test set (35 with small bowel obstruction).

Abdominal radiograph pearls and pitfalls for the emergency department radiologist: a pictorial review.

Abdominal plain films are often the first imaging examination performed on a patient with abdominal pain in the emergency department. Radiograph findings can help guide clinical management and the need for advanced imaging. A pictorial review of a range of abdominal radiograph findings is presented, including bowel gas patterns, abdominal organ evaluation, pathologic gas, calcifications, implanted devices, and foreign bodies.

Novel kidney segmentation system to describe tumour location for nephron-sparing surgery.

Purpose: To propose a novel system based on segmental renal anatomy for objectively reporting location of clinical T1 masses for nephron-sparing surgery.

Methods: The kidney was subdivided into 12 standard segments, based on the computed tomography images. In 103 patients (105 cT1 tumours), three blinded radiologists (A, B, and C) prospectively reported segmental tumour location, size, and tumour-feeding arteries.

Growing teratoma syndrome: clinical and radiographic characteristics.

Objectives: To present an overview of our surgical experience in the management of growing teratoma syndrome.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of all patients undergoing post-chemotherapy retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy between November 2005 and February 2012 revealed 15 patients who met the criteria for growing teratoma syndrome. Their clinical data, imaging characteristics, and surgical and oncological outcomes were reviewed.

Highlights from the scientific and educational abstracts presented at the ASER 2012 Annual Scientific Meeting and Postgraduate Course.

The American Society of Emergency Radiology 2012 Annual Scientific Meeting and Post-Graduate Course encompassed a wide range of topics: traumatic and non-traumatic emergencies, radiation dose management, technical innovations and advancements, emergency preparedness, mass casualties, and teleradiology. This article highlights the scientific and educational abstracts presented at the meeting.

Maternal reactions to two-dimensional compared to three-dimensional foetal ultrasonography.

Our objective was to quantitatively compare maternal reactions to viewing a three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound image of the foetal face to a traditional two-dimensional (2D) sonographic image. One hundred and twelve pregnant women were asked to evaluate their excitement, relief, amazement and satisfaction reactions to 2D and 3D ultrasound images of their foetus' face. A weighted kappa Cochran-Armitage trend test, Fisher exact test and generalised estimating equations were used to analyse the data obtained.