Diagnosis and treatment of latent tuberculosis infection among household contacts in inland Bahia, Brazil: a cross-sectional follow-up study.

Background: The diagnosis and treatment of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) are crucial for tuberculosis (TB) control. Household contacts (HHC) of patients with pulmonary TB are at a high risk of LTBI due to their close proximity to source cases.

Objective: To describe the diagnosis and treatment of LTBI among HHC.

Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: Full Unilateral Access Using the Ipsilateral Superficial Femoral Artery Is Effective.

Background: Access site complications are very common complications in transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Usually, a second arterial sheath is placed either in the contralateral femoral artery or in the radial artery as a simplified approach. This study aimed to investigate the safety and effectiveness of a full unilateral access using the ipsilateral superficial femoral artery (iSFA) in TAVR and to determine whether it simplifies the procedure.

Chloroma of the Cerebellopontine Angle: A Rare Presentation.

This article presents a case study of a 7-year-old female patient with a history of acute myelogenous leukemia, previously treated with chemotherapy. The patient developed acute right peripheral facial paralysis and right upper limb weakness, leading to the discovery of an extra-axial solid lesion at the right cerebellopontine angle. This lesion extended into adjacent structures with notable contrast enhancement and restricted diffusion on magnetic resonance imaging, indicative of chloroma, an extramedullary solid mass composed of myeloid precursor cells.

Aerobic exercise prescription for patients after stroke: Current scenario and barriers perceived by Brazilian physical therapists.

Background: Guidelines recommend incorporating aerobic exercise into stroke rehabilitation. However, implementing this is challenging due to safety concerns, institutional and patient characteristics, and unfamiliarity with aerobic exercise guidelines. No study has assessed the parameters used and perceived barriers among Brazilian physical therapists when prescribing aerobic exercise for individuals after stroke.

Inhibitory activity of Euterpe oleracea Mart. fruit extract in West Nile virus infection.

West Nile virus (WNV) is a neurovirulent arbovirus whose epidemic capacity is enhanced by the wide occurrence of competent vectors and susceptible avian amplifying hosts. In this study, we investigated the antiviral potential of Euterpe oleracea Mart. fruit extract (EoFE) in WNV infection of monkey kidney (Vero) cell cultures.

Laparoscopic vs open transcapsular adenomectomy (Millin): a comparative study of perioperative outcomes and complications.

Introduction: Laparoscopic adenomectomy for prostates larger than 80 mL is still a topic of debate. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the perioperative outcomes and complications between open Millin (OM) and laparoscopic Millin (LM) adenomectomy.

Material And Methods: Perioperative data and complications were retrospectively collected from patients submitted to Millin procedure from August 2019 to August 2022 in a tertiary centre, and OM and LM were compared.

Are the EAT-Lancet dietary recommendations associated with future cardiometabolic health? - Insights from the Generation XXI cohort from childhood into early adolescence.

Background: The prospective effect of healthy and planetary diets on cardiometabolic health at young ages remains unclear.

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the prospective associations between adherence to the EAT-Lancet dietary recommendations at age 7 and the prevalence of obesity and Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) at 7, 10, and 13 y old.

Methods: Participants are children from the Generation XXI birth cohort who completed 3-d food diaries at age 7, with complete data in variables of interest (n = 3564).

Oral anticoagulation in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and non-valvular atrial fibrillation in Japan.

Aims: There are limited data to support direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) use in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). The current study investigated the safety and effectiveness of DOACs versus warfarin in patients in Japan.

Methods: This retrospective observational study assessed a Japanese cohort of patients diagnosed with HCM and NVAF between July 2011 and June 2021 using a Japanese claims database.

The Escherichia coli TolC efflux pump protein is immunogenic and elicits protective antibodies.

Antimicrobial resistance is an increasing worldwide public health burden that threatens to make existent antimicrobials obsolete. An important mechanism of antimicrobial resistance is the overexpression of efflux pumps, which reduce the intracellular concentration of antimicrobials. TolC is the outer membrane protein of an efflux pump that has gained attention as a therapeutic target.

Expanding the mutational and phenotypical spectrum of FHONDA syndrome.

Foveal hypoplasia, optic nerve decussation, and anterior segment dysgenesis (FHONDA) is a rare recessively inherited syndrome first described in 2013. FHONDA is associated with biallelic disease-causing variants in the gene, which has a strong expression in the photoreceptor layer. To date, 60 different disease-causing variants in the gene have been described.

PSMA PET/CT in the Brazilian Unified Healthcare System reduces costs with futile salvage therapies in the management of cases of biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer.

Objective: To compare costs between treatment strategies employed prior to and after prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PSMA PET/CT) via the Brazilian Unified Health Care System and their impact on the therapeutic management of biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer.

Materials And Methods: The referring physicians were surveyed on their treatment intentions (strategies) at two different time points: prior to and after PSMA PET/CT. Cost comparison results are presented as median (IQR) for each of the two strategies.

Overcoming diagnostic challenges in constrictive pericarditis: why volume is important?

A 65-year-old male with chronic liver disease and refractory ascites was being evaluated for liver transplant, when constrictive pericarditis (CP) was suspected. Initial diagnostics were inconclusive due to overdiuresis. After suspension of diuretics, cardiac magnetic resonance confirmed CP, leading to successful pericardiectomy and normalization of liver function, emphasizing volume status and multimodality imaging role in CP diagnosis.

Protein Hydrolysates from Salmon Heads and Cape Hake By-Products: Comparing Enzymatic Method with Subcritical Water Extraction on Bioactivity Properties.

Fish by-products can be converted into high-value-added products like fish protein hydrolysates (FPHs), which have high nutritional value and are rich in bioactive peptides with health benefits. This study aims to characterise FPHs derived from salmon heads (HPSs) and Cape hake trimmings (HPHs) using Alcalase for enzymatic hydrolysis and Subcritical Water Hydrolysis (SWH) as an alternative method. All hydrolysates demonstrated high protein content (70.

Unilateral hemi-central retinal artery occlusion as a presenting sign of Susac syndrome.

A young woman presented at our clinic with sudden visual loss in the right eye, recurrent vertigo, and right-sided tinnitus. We performed a complete ophthalmological evaluation. This revealed effects of the condition on the small arterioles of the peripheral retina.

Lavandula dentata L. essential oil: a promising antifungal and antibiofilm agent against oral Candida albicans.

Candida albicans is the main fungal species involved in oral candidiasis, and its increasing resistance to pharmacological treatment encourages the search for improved antifungal agents. Lavandula dentata L. essential oil (LD-EO) has been recognized for its antimicrobial activity, but little is known about its role against oral C.

Cerebrofacial Venous Metameric Syndrome Mimicking Vein of Galen Aneurysmal Malformation.

Cerebrofacial venous metameric syndrome (CVMS) is a complex low-flow vascular malformation affecting bone and soft tissues including brain, dura mater, and eye. We show images of CVMS in an 18-month-old boy presenting facial venous malformations, developmental venous anomalies, dural sinus malformations, and dilated great cerebral vein, suggesting a vein of Galen aneurysmal malformation. Although Sturge-Weber syndrome is the most known form of CVMS, its presentations are variable and include several venous malformations.