Predominance of Central Asian and European families among Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates in Kashmir Valley, India.

Background: As there are no data available regarding the strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis circulating in Kashmir Valley, India, the current study aimed at describing the genetic diversity of M. tuberculosis strains in this region, by spoligotyping and 12-locus-based MIRU-VNTR typing (Mycobacterial Interspersed Repetitive Unit-Variable Number Tandem Repeat).

Methods: Sputa from 207 smear positive cases with newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis were subjected to culture for M.

Molecular identification of species isolated from cases of neonatal candidemia using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism in a tertiary care hospital.

Context: Candida spp. is an emerging cause of bloodstream infections worldwide. Delay in speciation of Candida isolates by conventional methods and resistance to antifungal drugs in various Candida species are responsible for the increase in morbidity and mortality due to candidemia.

Primary cutaneous mucormycosis in an immunocompetent host.

Mucormycosis in immunocompetent hosts is rare, and is often related to trauma. We report a case of primary cutaneous mucormycosis in a 26 year old immunocompetent female due to Mucor species. A combination of Amphotericin B and surgical debridement completely eradicated the infection.

Pulmonary pseudallescheriasis in a patient with healed tuberculosis.

Pulmonary pseudallescheriasis in an immunocompetent patient without a pre-existing cavity or cyst is a rare phenomenon. We report a case of invasive pulmonary pseudallescheriasis in a lobectomised patient treated for tuberculosis. Filamentous fungi with pyriform conidia were seen in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid .

Infective endocarditis due to Salmonella typhi--a case report.

Endocarditis is a rare complication of typhoid fever. We report a case in which Salmonella enterica serotype typhi was isolated from a case of endocarditis. The isolate was resistant to ampicillin, chloramphenicol and ciprofloxacin but sensitive to ceftriaxone, amikacin and gentamicin.