Advancing poliovirus eradication: lessons learned from piloting direct molecular detection of polioviruses in high-risk and priority geographies.

Unlabelled: In the Global Polio Laboratory Network (GPLN), poliovirus (PV) screening results from acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) surveillance is based on virus isolation (VI) through cell culture, entailing long turnaround times and the amplification of live poliovirus. An alternative Direct Detection strategy (DD-ITD) for screening viral nucleic acid from stools, bypassing the need for virus culture, has been developed and extensively validated by GPLN partners. A multi-laboratory demonstration project was conceived to field-test the DD-ITD method by GPLN laboratories from the WHO African, Western Pacific, and Eastern Mediterranean regions, where wild serotype 1 or vaccine-derived polioviruses still circulate.

Measles vaccine effectiveness in African children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Measles is an extremely contagious viral disease that can be prevented through vaccination. It is caused by the measles virus and presents with symptoms such as high fever, cough, runny nose, conjunctivitis, and a distinctive rash. Complications may include pneumonia, diarrhoea, and neurological issues.

Longitudinal wastewater-based surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 during 2023 in Ethiopia.

Introduction: Although wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) successfully functioned as a tool for monitoring the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic globally, relatively little is known about its utility in low-income countries. This study aimed to quantify severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA in wastewater, estimate the number of infected individuals in the catchment areas, and correlate the results with the clinically reported COVID-19 cases in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Methods: A total of 323 influent and 33 effluent wastewater samples were collected from three Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTPs) using a 24-h composite Moore swab sampling method from February to November 2023.

Outcome of burn injury and its associated factors among burn patients attending public hospitals in North Showa Zone, Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study.

Burn injury is a major contributor to morbidity and mortality in developing countries. In Ethiopia, the outcome of burn injuries and associated factors among burn patients were not clearly described. To assess the outcome of burn injuries and its associated factors among burn patients attending public hospitals in the North, showa Zone, Ethiopia.

Patient satisfaction and associated factors with inpatient health services at public hospitals in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The way the healthcare delivery system is reflected by patient satisfaction. Establishing a health system with better results depends on it. It has been assumed that higher patient satisfaction levels correlate with quality healthcare outcomes.

Incidence and predictors of mortality among neonates with congenital heart disease in Ethiopia: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Neonatal mortality poses a significant public health challenge in sub-Saharan Africa, with congenital heart disease emerging as the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among neonates, especially in countries like Ethiopia. Despite efforts to reduce neonatal mortality rates, Ethiopia continues to experience an increased mortality rate, particularly among neonates with congenital heart disease. This study aims to investigate the incidence and predictors of mortality in this vulnerable population within Ethiopia.

Prevalence of Self-Medication Practice and Associated Factors among Pregnant Women Who Attended Antenatal Care at Public Hospitals of North Shewa Zone, Amhara Region, Ethiopia.

Background: Self-medication practice is the use of medicine without consulting health professionals to treat self-recognized illness by the general population including pregnant women. Inappropriate self-medication practice during pregnancy may pose harmful consequences for the fetus as well as the mother. There is not given much attention on the practice of self-medication among pregnant women in our setting.

Prevalence of dental caries and associated factors among primary school children in Ethiopia: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Dental caries (decay or cavities) is the breakdown of teeth as a result of bacteria. Dental caries is one of the most preventable oral health problems and the most common chronic disease in primary school children. Poor dental and oral health affects the quality of children's lives.

Analysis of nutrient loads, heavy metals and physicochemical properties of wastewater, wetland grass, and papaya samples: Gondar Malt factory, Ethiopia with global implication.

Robust attention was brought to researchers due to deterioration of wastewater quality of lakes and reservoirs as major global concerns by industrial release. The uncontrolled releases of effluents impose serious impacts for both aquatic and terrestrial environments. In the current study, many parameters like nutrient loads, heavy metals and physicochemical properties of wastewater, wetland grass, and papaya samples were analysed.

Health professionals' perspectives on the role of obstetric ultrasonography in maternity care in rural eastern Ethiopia: a qualitative descriptive study.

Objective: The purpose of this exploratory study was to assess healthcare providers' perspectives on maternity care following the introduction of ultrasound services in the area.

Design: The qualitative descriptive study.

Study Setting: This study was carried out in health centres under Child Health and Mortality Prevention Surveillance (CHAMPS) pregnancy surveillance catchment areas in Kersa, Haramaya and Harar districts in eastern Ethiopia.

Biosynthesis, characterization and study of the application of silver nanoparticle for 4-nitrophenol reduction, and antimicrobial activities.

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized from (L) Walp extracted leaves, and characterized. The UV-Visible spectrum showed a peak between 411 and 415 nm at the Plasmon absorbance of the AgNPs. TEM showed that the size of AgNPs ranged from 5 to 13 nm.

Multi-Level Mixed-Effects Analysis of Stunting Among 6 to 59 Months Children in Ethiopia: Evidenced from Analysis of Health and Demographic Survey, 2000 to 2019.

Stunting remains a major public health issue in developing countries like Ethiopia. It is termed as a chronic malnutrition which leads to morbidity and mortality among children. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and factors associated with stunting among 6 to 59 months children in Ethiopia.

Midwives' experiences of performing obstetric ultrasounds in antenatal care in eastern Ethiopia: Qualitative exploratory study.

Background: In 2016, the World Health Organization recommended inclusion of an ultrasound scan as part of routine antenatal care to improve pregnancy outcomes. However, most rural women in Ethiopia do not have access to ultrasound scanning as part of their routine antenatal care. Recently, ultrasonography services were introduced at health centers in Harar, Kersa, and Haramaya districts in Eastern Ethiopia.

Magnitude of meconium stained amniotic fluid and associated factors among women who gave birth in North Shoa Zone hospitals, Amhara Region, Ethiopia 2022.

Background: The presence of meconium-stained amniotic fluid is one of the causes for birth asphyxia. Each year, over five million neonatal deaths occur worldwide because of meconium-stained amniotic fluid and other causes, of which 90% are due to birth asphyxia. The aim of this study was to assess the magnitude of meconium-stained amniotic fluid and associated factors among women who gave birth in North Shoa Zone Hospitals, Amhara Region, Ethiopia, 2022.

Infection prevention and control practices in the Pediatrics and Child Health Department of Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia.

Background: Infection prevention and control (IPC) is a set of practices that are designed to minimize the risk of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) spreading among patients, healthcare workers, and visitors. Implementation of IPC is essential for reducing infection incidences, preventing antibiotic use, and minimizing antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The aim of the study was to assess IPC practices and associated factors in Pediatrics and Child Health at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital.

Preference of cesarean delivery and its associated factors among pregnant women attending ante natal care at public health facilities of Debrebrehan City, Ethiopia: Cross-sectional study.

Background: A Caesarean section is a surgical procedure used to prevent or treat life-threatening maternal or fetal complications. Women's delivery preferences have become a global issue of interest to many researchers and clinicians, especially given the ever-increasing rate of cesarean sections. There is limited data on the preference for cesarean delivery and its associated factors for Ethiopian women, particularly in the study area.

Cost of digital technologies and family-observed DOT for a shorter MDR-TB regimen: a modelling study in Ethiopia, India and Uganda.

Background: In 2017, the WHO recommended the use of digital technologies, such as medication monitors and video observed treatment (VOT), for directly observed treatment (DOT) of drug-susceptible TB. The WHO's 2020 guidelines extended these recommendations to multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), based on low evidence. The impact of COVID on health systems and patients underscored the need to use digital technologies in the management of MDR-TB.

Assessment of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and its associated factors in Debre Berhan City, Ethiopia, 2022.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has spread over the world. The ability to achieve sufficient immunization coverage to end the global pandemic depends on the acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine, but it has faced a major challenge around the world. In low-income and developing countries, 22.

Fresh Umbilical Cord Blood-A Source of Multipotent Stem Cells, Collection, Banking, Cryopreservation, and Ethical Concerns.

Umbilical cord (UCB) is a rich source of hematopoietic cells that can be used to replace bone marrow components. Many blood disorders and systemic illnesses are increasingly being treated with stem cells as regenerative medical therapy. Presently, collected blood has been stored in either public or private banks for allogenic or autologous transplantation.

Selective Determination of Norfloxacin in Pharmaceutical Formulations and Human Urine Samples Using Poly(8-aminonaphthaline-2-sulfonic Acid)-Modified Glassy Carbon Electrodes.

In this study, a glassy carbon electrode was modified potentiodynamically with poly(8-aminonaphthaline-2-sulfonic acid) [poly(ANSA)/GCE] for the detection of norfloxacin (NFN) in tablet formulations and human urine samples. Improvement of the effective surface area of the modified electrode and decreased charge-transfer resistance confirmed surface modification of the GCE by a conductive poly(ANSA) film. The appearance of an oxidative peak without a reductive peak in the reverse scan direction showed the irreversibility of the electrochemical oxidation of NFN in both the bare GCE and poly(ANSA)/GCE.

Metal distribution and human health risk assessment in legumes crops (chickpea, lentils and peas) from Belesa districts, Ethiopia.

Accumulation of heavy metals in food is a major concern for humans' health. This study was aimed at determining the levels of Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni and Zn in chickpea, lentil and pea samples and evaluating the health risk for consumers. The concentrations (in mg/kg) of Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, and Ni were varied from 23.