Biocompatibility of Water-Dispersible Pristine Graphene and Graphene Oxide Using a Close-to-Human Animal Model: A Pilot Study on Swine.

Graphene-based materials (GBMs) are of considerable interest for biomedical applications, and the pilot study on the toxicological and immunological impact of pristine graphene (GR) and graphene oxide (GO) using swine as a close-to-human provides valuable insights. First, ex vivo experiments are conducted on swine blood cells, then GBMs are injected intraperitoneally (i.p.

The efficacy and real-world effectiveness of a diet low in fermentable oligo-, di-, monosaccharides and polyols in irritable bowel syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background & Aims: A diet low in fermentable oligo-, di-, monosaccharides, and polyols (LFD) has been shown to effectively reduce irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) symptoms. Effects resulting from real-world studies may differ from those seen in efficacy studies because of the diversity of patients in real-world settings. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to compare the effect of the LFD on reducing IBS symptoms and improving the quality of life (QoL) in efficacy trials and real-world studies.

Development of a diet quality score and adherence to the Swiss dietary recommendations for vegans.

Background: Vegan diets have recently gained popularity in Switzerland as well as globally. The aim of the present study was to develop a diet quality score for vegans (DQS-V) based on the Swiss dietary recommendations for vegans.

Methods: The dataset included 52 healthy vegan adults.

Trend of Pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus Occurrences in Bivalve Molluscs Harvested in Sardinian Coastal Environments Between 2011 and 2018.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate Vibrio parahaemolyticus occurrences in bivalve molluscs harvested from Sardinian coastal environments between 2013 and 2015. The prevalence of pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus isolates is based on the detection of the two major virulence genes thermostable direct hemolysin (tdh) and thermolabile hemolysin (trh) To assess changes between 2011 and 2018 in the prevalence of V.

Interdisciplinary approach to solve unusual mortalities in the European common frog (Rana temporaria) in two high-mountain ponds affected by climate change.

The global decline in amphibian populations is a major environmental issue. Chytridiomycosis, Ranaviruses and the red-leg syndrome have been identified in unusual mortality events. However, these infections do not account for all causes of declining amphibian populations.

Presence, Seasonal Distribution, and Biomolecular Characterization of Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio vulnificus in Shellfish Harvested and Marketed in Sardinia (Italy) between 2017 and 2018.

Abstract: In the present study, we investigated the presence, seasonal distribution, and biomolecular characteristics of Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio vulnificus in samples of bivalve mollusks (Mytilus galloprovincialis, Crassostrea gigas, and Ruditapes decussatus) harvested and marketed in Sardinia (Italy) between 2017 and 2018. A total of 435 samples were submitted for qualitative determination of Vibrio spp., V.

The Human Factor in Automated Image-Based Nutrition Apps: Analysis of Common Mistakes Using the goFOOD Lite App.

Background: Technological advancements have enabled nutrient estimation by smartphone apps such as goFOOD. This is an artificial intelligence-based smartphone system, which uses food images or video captured by the user as input and then translates these into estimates of nutrient content. The quality of the data is highly dependent on the images the user records.

Yessotoxin detection in bivalve molluscs: A case study from coastal mussel farms (Sardinia, Italy).

This work reports the first communication relating to the presence of yessotoxins in from coastal mussel farms (Sardinia, western Mediterranean) detected during 2008 and 2013 through a monitoring programme. The paper emphasizes how the changes both in yessotoxin permitted limits and used methods, established by legislation, have influenced the interpretation of the obtained results. Consequently, the samples that resulted negative during 2008 would have been positive until August 2013 and negative from September 2013 up to now, and the samples that were positive in 2013 would have been positive in 2008 and negative nowadays, according to Regulation currently in force.

Correction: Occurrence of Harmful Algal Species and Shellfish Toxicity in Sardinia (Italy).

[This corrects the article on p. 6095 in vol. 5, PMID: 28058244.

A simple and cheap system to speed up and to control the tumescent technique procedure: the Tedde's system.

We have devised a low cost system to quickly infiltrate tumescent solution: we call it the "Tedde's system". This low-cost system offers an improvement in quality and quantity of the infiltration because all the procedure depends on the operators, reducing also the time of the infiltration and consequently of the whole surgical procedure. Moreover, this system can be applied to other surgical procedure that requires large infiltration volumes.

Nuragic bone collagen retains its molecular structure.

The molecular structure of bone collagen was found to be preserved in Nuragic bone samples several centuries after burial. Enhanced birefringence of bone and dentin collagen fibres observed in polarized light after Sirus red staining was used to demonstrate this fact.

Lichen planus in children: a case report.

Lichen planus (LP) is rare in children. A review of the literature reveals that it has some peculiarities with respect to sex, localization, clinical aspect, race, and family history. We present an Indian child with the documented peculiarities of infantile LP.

Structural pattern of the mitoses and hollow formations in the human embryo.

Hollow formations in very early stages of the human embryo development have been studied, regarding the behaviour of the mitoses. Semithin sections of the neural tube, of the fissure of the optic cup, and of somites yet furnished with the myocoelic cavity have been observed at the light microscope, after staining with toluidine blue. In all the observed buds a particular and very interesting result has been obtained: all the mitoses are placed in the lining cellular layer looking at the cavity.

The human gonocytes in the early phases of gonadal differentiation. Observations of one embryo at Carnegie stage 11.

With the aim of emphasize the characteristics of the migration of human primordial gonocytes through the mesenchyme of the dorsal mesentery towards the genital ridge, a very early human embryo, corresponding to Carnegie stage 11 (23-24 days of development) was studied together with other embryos from the 4th to the 10th week of pregnancy. The early embryo was embedded in resin, serially cut and the observations were made on semithin coronal sections, de-plasticized and stained with toluidine blue. Migrating primordial germ cells were identified in the thickness of the splanchnopleure, where they appeared as pale and round elements with a nucleolated nucleus and granular cytoplasm.

The sertolian epithelium in the testis of men affected by 'Sertoli-cell-only syndrome'.

Because of the architectural complexity of the seminiferous epithelium, the Sertoli cell is extremely difficult to study. The individual cellular constituents of the tubular wall are intimately associated with one another; especially Sertoli cells and germinal cells are tightly connected. As implied by the name, Sertoli-cell-only syndrome (SCOS) is characterized by the presence of only Sertoli cells in the seminiferous tubule.

Primary osteoma cutis. Clinical, morphological, and ultrastructural study.

Primary osteoma cutis arises in the deeper dermis for no apparent reason and presents as mature, lamellar, and osteonic bone; secondary cutaneous osteomas are correlated with inflammatory processes, scars, or dysembryoplasia and are always composed of osteoid. Ultrastructural findings of primary cutaneous osteomas have not been reported to date. Light and electron microscopic findings of a case of primary osteoma cutis are described: mineralized areas may be divided into macrocalcification and microcalcification.

On a particular method of isolation of the human placenta trophoblastic cells.

With the purpose of demonstrating the presence of different types of cells in the syncytial and cytotrophoblast of the human placenta, a new technique of cell isolation was performed by utilizing a light enzymatic digestion and a separation on density gradients. Normal human placentas of the first trimester of pregnancy have been studied. After an accurate and light washing in saline and anticoagulant substances, whole villi have been incubated in a trypsin solution for various periods of time at 40 degrees C in a thermostatic stirrer.

Morphological changes in human chorionic villi cultivated in conditioned atmospheres of gases.

With the aim to verify the changes that a reduction of the oxygen rate may elicit in the morphological pattern of the human chorionic villi, a new experimental procedure has been suggested. Chorionic villi from human early placentas were incubated in Dulbecco's modified medium of Eagle in the presence of oxygen, air or CO2 at a gas pressure equal to 0.7 atm.

[Proposal for a dynamic study of the temporo-mandibular joint, using a computerized image analyzer].

With the aim to go deep into the knowledge of the morpho-functional anatomical characteristics of the temporo-mandibular joint in humans, a dynamic method of study by means of a computerized analyzer of images is suggested. The acquired advantages are the following: a) the accuracy of evaluation of the chosen morphometric parameters; b) the working speed, from which results: c) the possibility to increase adequately the number of cases and d) the possibility to easily investigate many parameters with a very high accuracy of the quantitative results. Both right and left temporo-mandibular joints of adult individuals aged from 18 to 53 have been studied utilizing lateral tomographies focused at 3.

Mechanisms of regulation of the capillary bed in the human chorionic villi.

The purpose of the present researches was to confirm the hypothesis that in the human placenta the microcirculation is subjected to humoral control, because of the absence of innervation in the chorionic villi and the ability of the capillaries to contract themselves. Chorionic villi were incubated in presence of vasoactive substances, Histamine, Serotonin, Bradykinin, Dopamine, Enkephalin Prostaglandins. After incubation, the specimens were fixed and embedded in resin.

Action of anticytoskeletal compounds on in vitro cytopathic effect, phagocytosis, and adhesiveness of Trichomonas vaginalis.

The cytopathic effects of Trichomonas vaginalis treated with inhibitory concentrations of anticytoskeletal compounds (mebendazole, griseofulvin, colchicine, taxol, and cytochalasin B) were studied in mouse CLID fibroblast cultures. The evaluation, at different times, of cell numbers and morphological alterations showed that cytopathic effect was considerably reduced when protozoa were pretreated with mebendazole and griseofulvin, whereas colchicine, taxol, and cytochalasin B had less effect. Furthermore, treatment with mebendazole, griseofulvin, and colchicine decreased adhesiveness of the protozoan, whereas treatment with cytochalasin B and colchicine completely inhibited its phagocytic activity.