The dilemma of choosing obstetrics and anesthesia techniques in a patient with cerebral cavernomatosis: a case report.

This report describes the case of a pregnant woman who arrived for preanesthetic assessment of External Cephalic Version (ECV) for fetus in breech presentation and cesarean section in case of ECV failure. Although the technique seems simple, attempts to rotate the fetus can result in elevated intracranial pressure, which might cause malformation bleeding. The most appropriate anesthetic technique in cases of arteriovenous malformations during C-sections has not been determined.

Self-management model in the scheduling of successive appointments in rheumatology.

Introduction: The rheumatology service of Ciudad Real Hospital, located in an autonomous community of that same name that is nearly in the center of Spain, implemented a self-management model of successive appointments more than 10 years ago. Since then, the physicians of the department schedule follow-up visits for their patients depending on the disease, its course and ancillary tests. The purpose of this study is to evaluate and compare the self-management model for successive appointments in the rheumatology service of Ciudad Real Hospital versus the model of external appointment management implemented in 8 of the hospital's 15 medical services.

KRAS mutation analysis: a comparison between primary tumours and matched liver metastases in 305 colorectal cancer patients.

Background: KRAS mutation is a negative predictive factor for treatment with anti-epidermal growth factor receptor antibody in metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC). KRAS mutation analysis is usually performed on primary tumour tissue because metastatic tissue is often not available. However, controversial data are available on the concordance of test results between primary tumours and corresponding metastases.

[Acute intermittent porphyria and inappropriate ADH syndrome].

A 44-year-old woman complained of abdominal pain of 4 days' duration accompanied by vomiting and painful urination. The admitting physician noted neurologic signs consistent with axonal polyneuropathy and hyponatremia. In the absence of other explanations for the syndrome, SIADH was diagnosed.

[Application of four ELISA techniques (two for IgM and two for IgG) for serological diagnosis of an outbreak of Q fever].

Objective: To evaluate four ELISAs (commercialized by Panbio and Serion) for IgM and IgG detection in an outbreak of Q fever.

Methods: Fifty-three serum samples corresponding to 29 persons were processed. An indirect immunofluorescence assay was used as the reference method.

Expression of Tcf/Lef and sFrp and localization of beta-catenin in the developing mouse lung.

Recent evidence that Wnts and other genes in the Wnt signaling pathway are expressed in embryonic and adult mouse lung suggests that this pathway is important for cell fate decisions and differentiation of lung cell types. We therefore examined the expression and protein distribution of several Wnt pathway components during prenatal mouse lung development using whole-mount in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. Between embryonic days 10.

Functional overexpression of wild-type p53 correlates with alveolar cell differentiation in the developing human lung.

At 15 weeks after conception (a.c.), the human pulmonary acinus is lined by distal low-columnar and more proximal cuboidal cells that are successive stages in alveolar type II cell differentiation (pseudoglandular period of lung development).

Regulation of inhibin/activin subunits and follistatin mRNA expression in the rat pituitary at early estrus.

In the rat pituitary, activin stimulates whereas inhibin prevents FSH synthesis and secretion. Besides, the activin binding protein follistatin neutralizes the action of activin. The control of the FSH secondary surge at early estrus is not completely understood.

Comparison of the effects of antiprogestins RU38486, ZK98299 and ORG31710 on periovulatory hypophysial, ovarian and adrenal hormone secretion in the rat.

The antiprogestin (AP) RU38486 (RU) blocks progesterone (P) and glucocorticoid (G) actions. Administration of 4 mg RU on proestrous morning to cyclic rats dissociates LH and FSH secretion on proestrous afternoon, early estrus and on estrous afternoon. In order to ascertain which action blocked by RU is predominant in the control of periovulatory LH and FSH secretion, a study was made on the effects of: a) 1 or 4 mg of ZK98299 (ZK) (type I P antagonist; Schering), b) 2 or 8 mg of Org31710 (OR) (type II P antagonist lacking anti-G actions; Organon) or c) 1 or 4 mg of RU (type II P antagonist; Exelgyn) to 4-day cyclic rats on proestrous morning on serum concentrations of LH, FSH, inhibin-alpha (I), estradiol-17beta (E), progesterone (P) and corticosterone (B) at 18:30 h on proestrus and at 02:00 and 18:30 h on estrus.

Mechanism of the stimulatory action of antisteroid RU486 on follicle-stimulating hormone secretion in the cyclic Rat.

These experiments explored the mechanism underlying FSH hypersecretion on estrous afternoon in rats injected with RU486 (RU) on proestrus. Four-day cyclic rats were injected with RU at 12:00 h on proestrus (1 or 4 mg/0.2 ml oil; s.

The antiprogestin RU486 dissociates LH and FSH secretion in male rats: evidence for direct action at the pituitary level.

Administration of 4 mg of the antisteroid RU486 over 8 consecutive days to adult male rats dissociated in vivo and in vitro gonadotrophin secretion, increasing FSH and decreasing LH secretion. In subsequent experiments we evaluated the involvement of testicular or adrenal secretory products, as well as hypothalamic LHRH, in the effects of 4 consecutive days of RU486 treatment on the secretion of gonadotrophins. The first day of RU486 injection was designated day 1, subsequent days being numbered consecutively.

Effect of RU486 injected on proestrous morning on LHRH, LH and 17beta-estradiol secretion during the estrous cycle in rat.

The antiprogesterone RU486 injected on proestrus to cyclic rats advances the preovulatory surge of LH, resulting in a 3-day estrous cycle. To ascertain whether proestrous progesterone secretion regulates ovulation by synchronizing the functions of the ovary, the pituitary and the hypothalamus, in this study the effects of RU486 (4 mg/0.2 ml oil/s.

Temporal changes in inhibin subunit mRNAs during atresia of preovulatory follicles in the rat.

This study aimed to investigate the time course of disappearance of the mRNAs of the various subunits of inhibin in follicles which become atretic. An animal model was used in which atresia of preovulatory follicles could be studied in a chronological order. Injection of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist (20 microg) at the morning of pro-oestrus (P) blocked ovulation and the 10-12 preovulatory follicles became gradually atretic.

Involvement of estrogen and follicle-stimulating hormone on basal and luteinizing hormone (LH)-releasing hormone-stimulated LH secretion in RU-486-induced 3-day estrous cycle in the rat.

Administration of 4 mg of the antiprogestogen RU-486 on proestrus (Day 1) to 4-day-cyclic rats advances the pituitary desensitization to negative estrogen feedback and enhances pituitary responsiveness to LHRH. These effects of RU-486 lead to a 1-day estrous cycle shortening. Moreover, administration of RU-486 in this study increased serum estradiol-17beta and decreased FSH concentrations during diestrus (experiment 1).

Serum levels of GH, IGF-I, LH and ovarian steroids in cyclic and RU486-treated rats.

Rats lacking progesterone action due to RU486 treatment have been reported to show numerous endocrine and morphological similarities with respect to human polycystic ovary syndrome (PCO). Nevertheless, abnormalities on insulin or insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) production, a frequent finding in the polycystic disease, have not been studied in such rats yet. The aim of these experiments was to evaluate the serum concentrations of IGF-I in rats treated with 4 mg of the antiprogestagen RU486 over 4 or 8 consecutive days starting on estrus (day 1) and decapitated on the morning of day 5 and 9.

The steroid antagonist RU486 given at pro-oestrus induces hypersecretion of follicle-stimulating hormone from oestrus afternoon to early metoestrus in the rat.

Administration of the steroid antagonist RU486 to cyclic rats at pro-oestrus blunts the preovulatory surge of LH and suppresses the first and second surges of FSH. In addition, administration of oestradiol to RU486-treated rats reactivates the LH surge the following day. The present study explored the effects of RU486 (4 mg/0.

Effects of progesterone on the secondary surge of follicle-stimulating hormone in the rat.

In the cyclic rat, the secondary surge of FSH on estrus appears to depend on the LH surge-induced fall in serum concentrations of inhibin. To investigate the involvement of progesterone in the regulation of the secondary surge of FSH, 4-day cyclic rats were treated on proestrus with an antagonist of LHRH (LHRHant) and with an ovulatory dose of ovine (o) LH, progesterone, the antiprogestin RU486, or the combination of RU486 and oLH. Serum concentrations of gonadotropins and inhibin at 1830 h on proestrus and at 0030 h on estrus were determined, and the expression of inhibin/activin subunit mRNAs in the ovary at 0030 h on estrus was analyzed by in situ hybridization.

Follicular and luteal progesterone synergize to maintain 5-day cyclicity in rats.

The length of the ovarian cycle in rat is determined by the duration of progesterone secretion from the corpora lutea (CL) during diestrus. The action of progesterone secretion from the preovulatory follicles on proestrus is also responsible for the cycle length in 4-day cyclic rats. To study whether follicular and luteal progesterone participate in the maintenance of 5-day cyclicity, the effects of the antiprogestagen RU486 (5 mg on proestrus or estrus) on estrous cycle length and on the serum concentrations of LH in 5-day cyclic rats and in 4-day cycle experimentally induced by the dopamine agonist CB154 (1 mg on estrus) were investigated.

Hypersecretion of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) on estrous afternoon in rats treated with RU486 in proestrus.

1. Intact or ovariectomized (OVX) cyclic rats injected or not with RU486 (4 mg/0.2 ml oil) from proestrus onwards were bled at 0800 and 1800 h on proestrus, estrus and metestrus.

Antiprogestagen RU486 prevents the LH-dependent decrease in the serum concentrations of inhibin in the rat.

1. In the rat, the LH-dependent ovarian progesterone rise mediates several actions of the primary surge of LH on the ovary. This experiment was aimed at elucidating the effects of the antiprogestagen RU486 on the LH-dependent decrease in both the serum concentrations and the ovarian content of inhibin.

Ovary mediates the effects of RU486 given during proestrus on the diestrous secretion of luteinizing hormone in the rat.

The aim of these experiments was to study the action of proestrous afternoon follicular progesterone secretion on the preovulatory secretion of gonadotropins in the rat. Four-day-cycling rats were given 4 mg of the antiprogestagen RU486 in the morning of proestrus (Day 1), and its effects on the pituitary function during diestrus were compared with those of RU486 given in the morning of estrus (Day 2). The pituitary function was assessed by measuring basal secretion of LH and FSH as well as the pituitary response to either estradiol benzoate (EB) (3 mug/100 g BW at 1300 h on Day 3) or LHRH (100 ng/rat at 1200 h on Day 4).

Follicular and luteal progesterone play different roles synchronizing pituitary and ovarian events in the 4-day cyclic rat.

Administration of 4 mg of the antiprogestagen RU486 to 4-day cyclic rats during proestrus induced a 1-day shortening of the ovarian cycle, a reduction in ovulatory rate that was reversed by an injection of exogenous human (h)FSH in the evening of proestrus, and the absence of the LH-inhibiting effect of exogenous estradiol resulting in a 24-h advancement of the preovulatory LH surge. These effects were not present when RU486 was injected during estrus. RU486 injected during either proestrus or estrus increased serum levels of LH and estradiol-17 beta in diestrus and reduced the magnitude of the preovulatory surge of gonadotropins.

One day estrous cycle shortening induced by antiprogestagen RU486 administration in proestrus to 4-day cyclic rats.

Administration of 4 mg of the antiprogestagen RU486 to 4-day cyclic rats in proestrus, which blocks proestrous and diestrous progesterone actions, induced a one day shortening of the ovarian cycle and a reduction of the ovulation rate in the following cycle. These effects were not present when RU486 was administered in estrus or metestrus. RU486 injections either in proestrus or estrus increased the serum levels of LH and 17 beta-estradiol during metestrus.

Luteinizing hormone (LH) and corticosterone in proestrous afternoon restore the follicle-stimulating hormone secretion at early estrus in adrenalectomized LH-releasing hormone antagonist-treated rats.

Administration of the antiprogestagen RU486 in the morning of proestrus abolishes the secondary surge of FSH during early estrus in the rat without preventing the drop in serum inhibin. In addition, the injection of an ovulatory dose of LH to RU486-injected rats does not restore the secondary surge of FSH. Since RU486 is a potent antiprogesterone with antiglucocorticoid activity, in the first experiment we compared the effects of RU486 and a specific antiprogesterone serum (APS), administered on proestrus, on the secretion of FSH during early estrus.