Survey of pharmacists' perspectives on preparing discharge medicine lists: a cross-sectional single-centre study.

Objectives: This study explored South-East Queensland Australian pharmacists' perspectives on preparing discharge medicine lists, specifically involvement of pharmacy assistants, use of electronic medication management software, and expanding pharmacists' scope during discharge.

Methods: Electronic survey distributed to pharmacists during December 2021 and data collected over 3 weeks.

Key Findings: Pharmacists supported increased involvement of pharmacy assistants (with structured collaborative training), pharmacist-led medication reconciliation, and producing the discharge medicine list directly from the electronic record.

Enhancing patient participation in discharge medication communication: a feasibility pilot trial.

Objectives: To pilot test a co-designed intervention that enhances patient participation in hospital discharge medication communication.

Design: Pilot randomised controlled trial.

Setting: One tertiary hospital.

Capturing the perspectives of African American informal dementia caregivers: a phenomenological study.

Dementia can be overwhelming to families and their caregivers. Informal caregiving is a widespread mode of providing dementia care in African American communities, yet impact of caregiving on informal or family caregivers in African American communities is burdensome. This study aimed to describe the lived experiences of informal caregivers of African American People Living with Dementia (PLWD) to understand their perceptions of dementia and dementia care, caregiver support needs, and service needs.

Assessing Culturally Tailored Dementia Interventions to Support Informal Caregivers of People Living with Dementia (PLWD): A Scoping Review.

The review aimed to identify and describe dementia care interventions and programs that are culturally tailored to support racial and ethnic minority informal caregivers of community-dwelling people living with dementia (PLWD) to identify gaps in need. Culturally targeted interventions to support vulnerable minority informal caregivers are important in addressing the care needs of PLWD and eliminating racial and ethnic dementia disparities. Nevertheless, little is known about the existing interventions and programs that are culturally tailored to support racial and ethnic minority groups, in particular, African-American caregivers in the care of their family members.

Co-design of an intervention to improve patient participation in discharge medication communication.

Patients can experience medication-related harm and hospital readmission because they do not understand or adhere to post-hospital medication instructions. Increasing patient medication literacy and, in turn, participation in medication conversations could be a solution. The purposes of this study were to co-design and test an intervention to enhance patient participation in hospital discharge medication communication.

Describing providers' perspectives on the needs and challenges of family caregivers of African American people living with dementia.

The primary purpose of this study was to explore the needs and challenges of African American family caregivers of People living with dementia (PLWD) from the perspective of service providers including healthcare and social service providers. The study conducted three online semi-structured focus group interviews with service providers ( = 15). Data were analyzed using Braun & Clarke's guide to thematic analysis approach.

Older patient participation in discharge medication communication: an observational study.

Objective: To describe the extent to which older patients participate in discharge medication communication, and identify factors that predict patient participation in discharge medication communication.

Design: Observational study.

Setting: An Australian metropolitan tertiary hospital.

Exploring pharmacists' perspectives on preparing discharge medicine lists: A qualitative study.

Background: Hospital pharmacists play an important role in the discharge process, including conducting medicine reconciliation, counselling patients or carers, and generating discharge medicine lists. These contribute to medicine handover at transition of care from hospital discharge. However, pharmacists face numerous barriers to providing comprehensive discharge services.

Exploring the time required by pharmacists to prepare discharge medicine lists: a time-and-motion study.

BACKGROUND  : Discharge medicine lists provide patients, carers and primary care providers a summary of new, changed or ceased medicines when patients discharge from hospital. Hospital pharmacists play an important role in preparing these lists although this process is time consuming. AIM  : To measure the time required by hospital pharmacists to complete the various tasks involved in discharge medicine handover.

Medication reconciliation at hospital discharge: A qualitative exploration of acute care nurses' perceptions of their roles and responsibilities.

Background: Safe medication management is a cornerstone of nursing practice. Nurses prepare patients for discharge which includes the ongoing safe administration of medications. Medication reconciliation at hospital discharge is an interprofessional activity that helps to identify and rectify medication discrepancies or errors to ensure the accuracy and completeness of discharge medications and information.

The secular trend of intelligence test scores: The Danish experience for young men born between 1940 and 2000.

The present study investigated the Danish secular trend of intelligence test scores among young men born between 1940 and 2000, as well as the possible associations of birth cohort changes in family size, nutrition, education, and intelligence test score variability with the increasing secular trend. The study population included all men born from 1940 to 2000 who appeared before a draft board before 2020 (N = 1,556,770). At the mandatory draft board examination, the approximately 19-year-old men underwent a medical examination and an intelligence test.

Cultural Unintelligibility and Marital Pressure: A Grounded Theory of Minority Stigma Against Women with Same-Sex Attraction in Mainland China.

Minority stigma against sexual minority women and its contributions to these women's health disparities have been widely investigated in Western countries. By contrast, little has been known about minority stigma against women with same-sex attraction (WSSA) in mainland China. This study aimed at exploring the nature, genesis, and pathways of minority stigma among this rarely studied minority group in terms of China's unique social and cultural organization of gender and sexuality.

Analysis of inpatient and high-risk medicine pharmacist interventions associated with insulin prescribing for hospital inpatients with diabetes.

Background Insulin is a high-risk medicine, associated with hospital medication errors. Pharmacists play an important role in the monitoring of patients on insulin.Objective To analyse interventions made by hospital pharmacists that were associated with insulin prescribing for inpatients with diabetes.

A Snapshot of Oklahoma's CHR/CHW Workforce: Results from the Region 6 Training Needs Assessment Survey, 2019.

Background –: The Region 6 South Central Public Health Training Center conducts needs assessments to inform the development of online trainings tailored to the HRSA Region 6 health and public health workforce. The purpose of this study was to assess Oklahoma's Community Health Representative (CHR) / Community Health Worker (CHW) workforce characteristics, current trainings, and training needs to guide the development of online trainings.

Methods –: This survey-based needs assessment for health and public health workforce training needs asked about alternative job titles, top three health issues addressed, roles played, skills used, current trainings, and training needs.

Creating a Nonprofit Spin-Off to Implement a Community Health Improvement Plan: A Case Study of a Midsize Health Department in the Midwest.

A common problem faced by local health departments is engaging cross-sector stakeholders to achieve shared community goals. Community engagement is critical for effective Community Health Improvement Plan (CHIP) development and implementation, while also being a standard for health department accreditation. This case study describes one city-county health department's development of a nonprofit arm to act as a catalyst for connecting community leaders to identify and collaboratively address community health goals.

Older patients' engagement in hospital medication safety behaviours.

Background: Increasing age is associated with more medication errors in hospitalised patients. Patient engagement is a strategy to reduce medication harm.

Aims: To measure older patients' preferences for and reported medication safety behaviours, identify the relationship between preferred and reported medication safety behaviours and identify whether perceptions of medication safety behaviours differ between groups of young-old, middle-old and old-old patients (65-74 years, 75-84 years, and ≥ 85 years).

Community Health Improvement Plans: An Analysis of Approaches Used by Local Health Departments.

Context: The Public Health Accreditation Board requires accredited local health departments (LHDs) to complete community health improvement plans (CHIPs). Evidence suggests that participatory planning frameworks, cross-sector collaboration, social determinants of health (SDOHs), and steering organizations are integral to effective public health planning. However, little is known about the degree to which LHDs incorporate these aspects during the CHIP process.

The accuracy, completeness and timeliness of discharge medication information and implementing medication reconciliation: A cross-sectional survey of general practitioners.

Background And Objectives: General practitioners (GPs) require accurate medication information to care for recently discharged hospital patients. Pre-discharge medication reconciliation improves the accuracy of patient medication lists that GPs receive. This study aimed to explore GPs' perceptions of the accuracy, completeness and timeliness of hospital discharge medication information, and how they undertake medication reconciliation.

Older patient and family discharge medication communication: A mixed-methods study.

Rationale, Aims, And Objectives: Medication discrepancies place patients discharged from hospital at risk of adverse medication events. Patient and family participation in medication communication may improve medication safety. This study aimed to examine older medical patient and family participation in discharge medication communication.

Is There a Correlation Between the Number of Brain Cells and IQ?

Our access to a unique material of postmortem brains obtained from decades of data collection enabled a stereological analysis of the neuron numbers and correlation of results with individual premorbid intelligence quotient (IQ) data. In our sample of 50 brains from men, we find that IQ does not correlate with the number of brain cells in the human neocortex and was only weakly correlated to brain weight. Our stereological examination extended to measures of several other parameters that might be of relevance to intelligence, including numbers of cerebral glial cells (astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and microglia) and the volume of key areas in the gray and white matter and of the cerebral ventricles, also showing near-zero nonsignificant correlations to IQ.

Anticoagulant Initiation During Hospital Admissions for Atrial Fibrillation in South-East Queensland, Australia.

Background: Anticoagulation reduces stroke risk in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) but under-prescribing in eligible patients has been commonly reported. Introduction of the direct acting oral anticoagulants (DOACs) was considered to potentially improve prescribing due to increased anticoagulant options. At the time of release to the Australian market, there were limited studies investigating anticoagulant usage during hospitalisations for AF.

The impact of a Calderdale Framework designed advanced pharmacy assistant role on inpatient pharmacy services.

Background Pharmacists in Australian hospitals do not see all inpatients. Effectively utilising pharmacy assistants in non-traditional roles may provide an opportunity to increase the number of patients seen by pharmacists. Objective To implement a Calderdale Framework designed advanced pharmacy assistant role on an inpatient unit and evaluate the impact of the role on the provision of clinical pharmacy services provided by the pharmacist in an Australian University hospital.

Assessment of cognitive ability at conscription for the Danish army: Is a single total score sufficient?

Børge Priens Prøve (BPP) was developed for the Danish Army by psychologist Børge Prien in the 1950s, as a test of general cognitive ability for use at conscription for the Danish armed forces. The final BPP (1957) had four subtests; a Raven-like matrix subtest, and three subtests measuring verbal, numerical, and visuospatial ability. The BPP is a speeded test counting the number of correct responses within 45 minutes.