Perioperative arterial catheterization: A prospective evaluation of ultrasound, infection, and patient-focused outcomes.

Background: There is little information regarding complications of arterial catheterization in modern clinical care. We aimed to determine the incidence of abnormal duplex vascular ultrasound and catheter related infections following perioperative arterial catheterization.

Methods: Patients requiring arterial catheterization for elective surgery were included and insertion details collected prospectively.

Symptomatic infrarenal aortic aneurysm sac expansion 5 years post-endovascular repair without an identifiable endoleak.

A 71-year-old male presented with a symptomatic expanding 11 cm infrarenal aortic aneurysm 5 years post-endovascular aortic repair. Duplex ultrasound and angiography showed no identifiable endoleak but confirmed an enlarging aneurysm sac with a new saccular configuration. The ultrasound findings were particularly unusual in that the aneurysm sac was a mixture of hardened echogenic material and an anechoic fluid-like substance, with the echogenic material appearing to float around the sac with gravitational dependence.