Autoimmune Thyroid Disease and Pregnancy: The Interaction Between Genetics, Epigenetics and Environmental Factors.

Autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) is the leading cause of thyroid dysfunction globally, characterized primarily by two distinct clinical manifestations: Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) and Graves' disease (GD). The prevalence of AITD is approximately twice as high in women compared to men, with a particularly pronounced risk during the reproductive years. Pregnancy exerts profound effects on thyroid physiology and immune regulation due to hormonal fluctuations and immune adaptations aimed at fostering maternal-fetal tolerance, potentially triggering or exacerbating AITD.

Is Icatibant Safe for the Treatment of Hereditary Angioedema During Pregnancy?

Purpose Of Review: Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a disorder affecting bradykinin regulation presenting as recurrent cutaneous or mucosal swelling. Treatment options include plasma-derived or human-recombinant C1-inhibitor, icatibant, or ecallantide. Due to the lack of knowledge and experience on the topic, the treatment of choice in pregnancy is plasma-derived C1-inhibitor, and reporting any new experience is recommended.

The contribution of twins conceived by in vitro fertilization to preterm birth rate: observations from a quarter of century.

Objective Little information exists related to the contribution of assisted reproductive technology (ART) twins to the preterm and very preterm birth rate. We sought to examine this contribution over a period of more than two decades in a tertiary perinatal center. Methods We identified all preterm births from 1993 to 2017, born at <37 or <32 weeks' gestation, by mode of conception [in vitro fertilization (IVF) vs.

Factor X Deficiency Management for Elective Cesarean Delivery in a Pregnant Patient.

BACKGROUND Congenital factor X deficiency is a rare inherited coagulopathy. Pregnancies in women with this disorder are often associated with adverse outcomes, including miscarriage, premature labor, and hemorrhage during pregnancy and in the peripartum period. The literature on this disorder is sparse and shows a limited number of successful pregnancies in women with factor X deficiency.

Total serum bile acids or serum bile acid profile, or both, for the diagnosis of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy.

Background: Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy is a pregnancy-specific liver disorder, possibly associated with an increased risk of severe fetal adverse events. Total serum bile acids (TSBA) concentration, alone or in combination with serum aminotransferases, have been the most often used biomarkers for the diagnosis of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy in clinical practice. Serum bile acid profile, composed of primary or secondary, conjugated or non-conjugated bile acids, may provide more specific disease information.

Prenatal selenium status, neonatal cerebellum measures and child neurodevelopment at the age of 18 months.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of maternal blood selenium (Se) levels and cord blood Se levels with neonatal cerebellum measures and child neurodevelopment at the age of 18 months. Moreover, to investigate whether the neonatal cerebellum measures could be used as a potential biomarker for selenium homeostasis during pregnancy.

Study Group And Methods: The study population consisted of 205 mother-child pairs from Croatian Mother and Child Cohort.

Effect of gender on growth-restricted fetuses born preterm.

Objective To assess the effect of fetal gender in small-for-gestational age (SGA) neonates with birth weight less than the fifth percentile by gestational age. Methods We compared male and female SGA neonates for maternal and neonatal outcomes in the following gestational age subgroups: at <32 + 6, 33 + 0-36 + 6 and at ≥37 + 0 weeks of gestation. Results We examined 159, 154 and 2363 SGA neonates born at <32 + 6, 33 + 0 to 36 + 6 and ≥37 weeks of pregnancy, respectively, whose birth weight was below the fifth percentile for gestational age and who met our inclusion criteria.

Liver Disease During Pregnancy: A Challenging Clinical Issue.

One of the least studied topics in the field of obstetrics is liver disease during pregnancy, which creates a challenge for both gynecologists and hepatologists. Approximately 3% of pregnant women are affected by some form of liver disease during pregnancy. Some of these conditions can be fatal for both the mother and child.

Crohn's disease in women.

This article provides an overview of the obstetric and gynecological manifestations of Crohn's disease (CD). High incidence of the new onset of the disease in young women in their reproductive years demands special concern from physicians involved in their treatment. Pregnant women with CD are considered high-risk patients, regardless of disease activity index, due to associated complications.

Lamellar body count as a diagnostic test in predicting neonatal respiratory distress syndrome.

Aim: To determine the lamellar body count (LBC) cutoff value for fetal lung maturity and to evaluate the clinical usefulness of LBC in predicting the severity of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (RDS).

Methods: A prospective study was conducted from 2002 until 2010. LBC was estimated in uncentrifugated amniotic fluid samples using Cell-Dyn 1800 analyzer.

The influence of pre-eclampsia on fetal lung maturity.

Objective: To use amniotic fluid (AF) lamellar body count (LBC) to assess the influence of pre-eclampsia and associated pathologic conditions on fetal lung maturity (FLM).

Methods: A prospective study was conducted to analyze 378 AF samples containing 5 mL of AF from 306 singleton pregnancies at 26-39 weeks. Stratified by gestational age groups, pregnancies were categorized as follows: pre-eclampsia (n=25); intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) (n=74); pre-eclampsia and IUGR (n=63); and control (n=144).

Acute pancreatitis during pregnancy.

Acute pancreatitis in pregnancy is a rare condition estimated to occur in 1 per 1000 to 1 per 12,000 pregnancies. The most frequent etiology in pregnancy is biliary, followed by hyperlipidemia and/or alcohol abuse. Abdominal ultrasound and endoscopic ultrasound are ideal imaging techniques for diagnosing disease because they have no radiation risk.

Molecular analysis in diagnostic procedure of hearing impairment in newborns.

Aim: To determine the proportion of newborns diagnosed with hearing impairment through the hearing impairment screening program in newborns, and the frequency of 35delG/GJB2 mutation as a cause of hearing impairment. The results of the study imply the integration of the mutation analysis in the neonatal screening program.

Methods: Evoked otoacustic emission (E-OAE) screening program was performed among 6019 newborns at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Rijeka University Hospital Center, between October 2002 and December 2004.