Exploring Factors That Influence Student Engagement in Community-Engaged Learning Activities Within a Pharmacy Context.

To investigate and identify factors that enhance and restrict Doctor of Pharmacy student engagement in mandatory and voluntary community-engaged learning activities. A phenomenological study exploring the motivations and barriers faced by pharmacy students in a mandatory community-engaged learning course and voluntary community-engaged learning activities (eg, community outreach) was conducted using semi-structured interviews. Fifteen students were randomly selected to participate in the interviews.

Bridging the gap: An evaluation of self-paced online transition modules for advanced pharmacy practice experience students.

Background And Purpose: A three module online self-paced educational resource was developed for entry to practice students transitioning from the classroom to their inpatient practicums. The objective of this study was to determine the benefits of the transition modules on students' self-perceived competency as related to onsite performance and reduction in anxiety during their inpatient practicum.

Educational Activity And Setting: Evaluations of the three transition modules were conducted in two phases via electronic surveys distributed to final year advanced pharmacy practice students and focus group members including faculty, pharmacy practice educators, and pharmacy residents.

The relation between motor evoked potential and clinical motor status in stroke patients.

Forty-one stroke patients and 41 normal controls of matched age, sex and body height were studied by magnetic stimulation of the motor cortex and lower cervical area. The cortical and cervical motor evoked potentials (MEPs) were detected from the abductor pollicis brevis muscle. The amplitudes and latencies of cortical MEPs, central conduction time (CCT), and interside difference of bilateral CCT (DCCT) in stroke patients showed significant difference in comparison with normal controls.

Motor-evoked potentials in diabetes mellitus.

By using magnetic stimulation of the motor cortex and in the cervical region, conduction time in the central motor pathway was measured in 35 patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and in 41 control subjects. Motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) were recorded from the contralateral thenar muscles. Central conduction time (CCT) was obtained by subtracting the latency of the spinal MEP from that of the scalp MEP.

n-Hexane polyneuropathy in a ball-manufacturing factory.

Five overt and two occult cases of n-hexane polyneuropathy occurred in a ball-manufacturing factory in Taiwan. The severity of polyneuropathy was directly related to the index of n-hexane exposure that occurred during the processes of cement coating and nylon fiber winding in a poorly ventilated room. The n-hexane concentrations over eight hours of personal sampling of the air of the cement coating and nylon fiber winding areas were 109 ppm and 86 ppm, respectively.

Cutaneous thermal thresholds in normal subjects and diabetic patients without symptoms of peripheral neuropathy.

An automated system operating on the Peltier principle and using a two-alternative forced-choice testing technique was applied to measure the heat and cold thermal thresholds (HT and CT) in 63 normal subjects and 68 diabetic patients who had no clinical symptoms of peripheral neuropathy. To compare large and small nerve fiber functions, 34 of the diabetic group were also tested for vibration perception threshold (VPT) and nerve conduction velocity (NCV). The testing algorithm of the devices selected for used, including reference temperature and number of turns, was investigated for assessment of variability and reliability.

Secondary prevention of ischemic stroke with low dose acetylsalicylic acid.

In order to evaluate the efficacy of low dose acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) for the secondary prevention of ischemic stroke, this cooperative multicenter clinical trial was conducted on a non-blind basis. Patients having a first transient ischemic attack (TIA), reversible ischemic neurological deficit (RIND) or completed ischemic stroke were eligible for this trial. A total of 590 patients including 47 cases of TIA, 23 cases of RIND and 520 cases of completed stroke entered this study.

Vibratory perception threshold in diabetic neuropathy.

A total of 263 diabetic patients and 129 normal controls were enrolled in a study of vibratory perception threshold (VPT) using an electromagnetic vibrometer at two sites, the dorsum of the metacarpal bone of the index finger (IF) and the dorsomedial aspect of the metatarsal bone of the great toe (GT). The results showed that the mean values of VPT for both IF and GT were significantly higher in diabetics than in normal subjects. In both control and diabetic groups, the VPT values at GT only were elevated with increasing age.

Non-radioactive oligonucleotide probe for detection of clinical enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli isolates of bovine origin.

Oligonucleotides (32 or 34 mer) corresponding to enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli STIa (ST-P) toxin gene were tailed with Bio-11-dUTP using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase. Plasmids from clinical E. coli isolates were prepared by modified rapid alkaline lysis procedure and dot-spotted.

Nonradioactive labeling of synthetic oligonucleotide probes with terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase.

Synthetic oligonucleotides were tailed at the 3' end using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase. Nucleotide triphosphates with free primary amines at the end of side chains were compared for their tailing efficiency and/or detection sensitivity, using biotin-11-dUTP as a reference. Free primary amines were tagged with activated biotin or fluorescein isothiocyanate.

Time-resolved fluorometry: a sensitive method to quantify DNA-hybrids.

Europium and other lanthanides can be excitated with UV-radiation, whereafter the energy is released as fluorescence, delayed in time up to 1 ms after the excitation. Eu can be used as a sensitive label in biological assays. Here we report on the application of time-resolved fluorometry to detect nucleic acid hybrids.

In situ hybridization of an acetylaminofluorene-modified probe recognized by Z-DNA antibodies in vitro.

An in situ hybridization procedure, based on the chemical modification of DNA by acetylaminofluorene (AAF), followed by a specific immunoreaction was used to localize a Z-DNA sequence isolated from the satellite DNA of Cebus appella. The AAF probe is localized on the R-band-positive heterochromatic segments of Cebus chromosomes, which strongly react with Z-DNA antibodies. The use of a nonradioactive single-stranded labeled probe confirms the reliability and the rapidity of immunochemical methods for the detection of DNA sequences on chromosomes.

Hybridization on squashed flies: a method to detect gene sequences in individual Drosophila.

Specific gene sequences can be detected by DNA hybridization to individual Drosophila squashed on cellulose or nylon filters. This "squash-blot" method permits the rapid survey of DNA polymorphism in large Drosophila population samples. It could also be useful for studying chromosome aberrations, departure from diploidy, and detection of pathogenic agents in vector insects.

P-element distribution in Eurasian populations of Drosophila melanogaster: A genetic and molecular analysis.

Genetic and molecular investigations were carried out with Eurasian Drosophila melanogaster populations on the P-M system of hybrid dysgenesis. In 27 strains sampled from France to Middle Asia, a clear gradient exists between Western Europe, in which most modern strains are of the Q type, and eastern areas, in which M-cytotype strains predominate. Molecular analysis on individual flies was performed with two complementary probes of the cloned 2.

DNA probe specific for Legionella pneumophila.

A procedure for preparing a DNA probe to be used in the specific detection of Legionella pneumophila by dot or colony hybridization has been devised. When total DNA from L. pneumophila was used as a radioactive probe, cross-hybridization occurred with DNA from many other species belonging to various families (including Legionellaceae, Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonadaceae, and Vibrionaceae).

Chemically modified nucleic acids as immunodetectable probes in hybridization experiments.

Guanine residues in nucleic acids can be modified by treatment with N-acetoxy-N-2-acetylaminofluorene and its 7-iodo derivative in an in vitro nonenzymatic reaction. The modified nucleic acids (ribo or deoxyribo, single or double stranded) are recognized by specific antibodies. They can be immunoprecipitated or used as probes in hybridization experiments and detected by immunochemical techniques.

Synthesis of 8-(2-4 dinitrophenyl 2-6 aminohexyl) amino-adenosine 5' triphosphate: biological properties and potential uses.

We have synthetised 8-(2-4 dinitrophenyl 2-6 aminohexyl) amino-adenosine 5' triphosphate (in short : rATP-DNP), a derivative of ATP which carries a dinitrophenyl group. We show that rATP-DNP is a substrate for calf thymus deoxynucleotidyl terminal transferase (EC 2.7.

Quantitative variations of red-cell cytochrome b5 reductase (NADH-methemoglobin-reductase) in the Algerian population: evidence for defective alleles.

A striking proportion of Algerian subjects was reported among patients with congenital recessive methemoglobinemia due to cytochrome b5 reductase deficiency (Kaplan et al. 1979). A population survey was carried out in red blood cells from 1000 Algerian subjects.

Is there a PGM1 4 allele specific to Amerindian populations?

Rare PGM1 variants in Macushi and Wayampi Amerindian populations have been compared electrophoretically and by means of electrofocusing. They appear to be identical. The findings are discussed.

Genetic study of the Cuiva Indians of Venezuela.

Serum and red cell protein markers were investigated in Cuiva Indians. Our ethnologic studies indicate that the low degree of genetic variability in this population is probably due to genetic drift.