Association Between Helicobacter pylori Infection and Migraine: A Systematic Review.

Migraine is a highly debilitating disease affecting humans worldwide. Despite having known this disease for a long time, not many studies have been done to search for a chronic infectious cause of migraine. The goal of this study was to look for an association between migraine and infection.

Race/Ethnicity as a Risk Factor in the Development of Postpartum Hemorrhage: A Thorough Systematic Review of Disparity in the Relationship Between Pregnancy and the Rate of Postpartum Hemorrhage.

Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is a major cause of maternal death and morbidity worldwide. Throughout the years, there have not been many studies looking into the association of race and ethnicity with the occurrence of PPH. The goal of this study was to assess race and ethnicity as risk factors in the development of PPH in pregnant women.

Diabetes, Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome, Obstructive Sleep Apnea, and Obesity: A Systematic Review and Important Emerging Themes.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and obesity represent four large and growing patient populations. A great deal of scientific and clinical knowledge has been developed for them individually, and significant advancements made. Taken as a group, however, the interrelationships are not as well understood.

Radiofrequency Ablation as an Effective Long-Term Treatment for Chronic Sacroiliac Joint Pain: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) has emerged as a popular intervention for chronic pain management, including pain originating in the sacroiliac joint. It offers a less invasive option than surgery but with better results than the previous standard treatment with steroid and anesthetic injections. Procedure volumes have enjoyed significant growth in the market in recent years.

A Systematic Review of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) Inhibitors and Sympathetic Nervous System Inhibition: An Underrated Mechanism of Cardiorenal Protection.

Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have many actions beyond glycemic control. The drug leads to favorable cardiovascular and renal outcomes. In this review, we focused on how SGLT2 inhibitors produce these outcomes and what role it plays in the inhibition of the sympathetic nervous system in diabetic patients.

PM35 Reinforces Photosynthetic Efficiency, Antioxidant Defense, Expression of Stress-Responsive Genes, and Ameliorates the Effects of Salinity Stress in Maize.

Soil salinity is one of the abiotic constraints that imbalance nutrient acquisition, hampers plant growth, and leads to potential loss in agricultural productivity. Salt-tolerant plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) can alleviate the adverse impacts of salt stress by mediating molecular, biochemical, and physiological status. In the present study, the bacterium PM35 showed resistance up to 3 M NaCl stress and exhibited plant growth-promoting features.

The iHealth-T2D study, prevention of type 2 diabetes amongst South Asians with central obesity and prediabetes: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

Background: People from South Asia are at increased risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). There is an urgent need to develop approaches for the prevention of T2D in South Asians that are cost-effective, generalisable and scalable across settings.

Hypothesis: Compared to usual care, the risk of T2D can be reduced amongst South Asians with central obesity or raised HbA1c, through a 12-month lifestyle modification programme delivered by community health workers.

Analysis of challenges faced and the scientific content of a hybrid pediatric surgical conference arranged during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: Scientific conferences which are considered as an important event for dissemination of research and related academic activities were badly affected during the COVID-19 pandemic. Virtual format for interaction was used as an alternative method to continue such academic discourse. However, this did not provide the same level of communication and interest as that of in-person meetings.

Effects of a lifestyle intervention programme after 1 year of follow-up among South Asians at high risk of type 2 diabetes: a cluster randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: South Asians are at high risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). We assessed whether intensive family-based lifestyle intervention leads to significant weight loss, improved glycaemia and blood pressure in adults at elevated risk for T2D.

Methods: This cluster randomised controlled trial (iHealth-T2D) was conducted at 120 locations across India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka and the UK.

Anterior sacral meningocele.

Anterior sacral meningocele is a rare condition presenting as a lower abdominal mass. One such case was seen in a baby girl aged 2 months, who was admitted with abdominal distension and urinary difficulty for one week. She had a lower abdominal mass which investigated by MRI, turned out to be an anterior sacral meningocele causing her symptoms.

A giant lymphatic cyst of the transverse colon mesentery.

Mesenteric cysts are not uncommon in pediatric age group but giant lymphatic cysts of mesentery are reported infrequently. This is a report of six years old female who had vague abdominal pain with distension for two years. Investigations revealed a large cystic mass in abdomen.

A study of ovarian lesions in pre-menarche girls.

Objective: To analyze various clinical presentations and the surgical management of ovarian pathologies in pre-menarche girls.

Design: Case series.

Place And Duration Of Study: Surgical Unit B, National Institute of Child Health, Karachi, from September 2002 to August 2004.

Correlation of the size of undescended testis with its locations in vatrious age groups.

Objective: To assess the correlation of the size of undescended testis with its location in children of various age groups, per-operatively.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Place And Duration Of Study: Surgical Unit B, National Institute of Child Health, Karachi from February 2004 - November 2005.

Complications of inguinal hernia surgery in children.

Objective: To determine the postoperative complications of elective inguinal hernia surgery in children

Design: Descriptive study.

Place And Duration Of Study: Surgical Unit B, National Institute of Child Health, Karachi, from February 2004 to November 2005.

Patients And Methods: Children with inguinal hernia, admitted electively through surgical outpatient, were included.

Sirenomelia (Mermaid baby).

Sirenomelia is a rare anomaly that rarely occurs as an isolated lesion. Several theories have been proposed regarding the etiopathogenesis. In this communication, we report a case of sirenomelia.

Congenital pyloric atresia: isolated and associated with aplasia cutis congenita.

Two cases of congenital pyloric atresia (CPA) are, hereby, reported. One was suspected on antenatal ultrasound and turned out to be an isolated anomaly. Other patient had a rare association of aplasia cutis congenita with congenital pyloric atresia.

Management of simultaneously ingested and aspirated foreign bodies in an infant.

This report describes the management of a 7-month-old baby who aspirated one and ingested two paper pins at a time. Bronchoscopic removal was done for aspirated pin and ingested pins were observed for spontaneous passage in stool, which occurred in 48 hours without any untoward incidence.

Management of idiopathic rectal prolapse in children.

Objective: To determine the percentage of patients of idiopathic rectal prolapse improving on spontaneously over the period of observation (phase I), and to determine the outcome of patients with rectal prolapse who received injection sclerotherapy (phase II).

Design: Quasi-experimental study.

Place And Duration Of Study: National Institute of Child Health, Karachi from April 2001 to March 2002.