To repeat or not to repeat? Measuring bone mineral density during anti-resorptive therapy or a drug holiday.

An initial bone mineral density (BMD) measurement is used to diagnose osteoporosis and decide whether patients need treatment, but the utility of repeating this test in those on treatment or on a drug holiday (ie, during a pause in bisphosphonate treatment) is controversial. Here, we present evidence for and against the use of BMD monitoring in patients receiving antiresorptive therapy or on a drug holiday, and give our recommendations, arguing against a one-size-fits-all approach.

Diabetes and Ramadan: Practical guidelines 2021.

Fasting during Ramadan is one of the five pillars of Islam and is obligatory for all healthy Muslims from the age of puberty. Though individuals with some illness and serious medical conditions, including some people with diabetes, can be exempted from fasting, many will fast anyway. It is of paramount importance that people with diabetes that fast are given the appropriate guidance and receive proper care.

Aspirin Increases the Risk of Nondiagnostic Yield of Fine-Needle Aspiration and Biopsy of Thyroid Nodules.

Background: The link between the diagnostic yield of thyroid fine-needle aspiration and biopsy (FNAB) in patients taking antithrombotic or anticoagulant medications (AT/AC) remains poorly characterized.

Objectives: We studied the risk of obtaining a nondiagnostic sample with ultrasound-guided thyroid FNAB in patients taking AT/AC medications.

Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study using medical rec-ords of 556 patients who underwent thyroid FNAB.

Type 1 diabetes and osteoporosis: from molecular pathways to bone phenotype.

The link between type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) and osteoporosis, identified decades ago, has gained attention in recent years. While a number of cellular mechanisms have been postulated to mediate this association, it is now established that defects in osteoblast differentiation and activity are the main culprits underlying bone fragility in DM1. Other contributing factors include an accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and the development of diabetes complications (such as neuropathy and hypoglycemia), which cause further decline in bone mineral density (BMD), worsening geometric properties within bone, and increased fall risk.

Longitudinal analysis of mesenchymal progenitors and bone quality in the stem cell antigen-1-null osteoporotic mouse.

Unlabelled: We performed a longitudinal analysis of bone quality in Sca-1-null mice. A tight temporal, site-specific association between Sca-1-deficient BMD deficiency and reduced mesenchymal progenitor frequency was observed. Defects in trabecular microarchitecture and mineralization were, at least partially, responsible for the age-related reduction in toughness of Sca-1(-/-) bones.