Effectiveness of physical activity counselling and exercise prescription education among medical students: a systematic review.

Background: Providing physical activity counselling and prescribing exercise increases patients' activity and cardiorespiratory fitness, but healthcare providers experience challenges in promoting activity to patients. Implementing educational intervention during medical training may be an effective strategy to promote physical activity and exercise counselling/prescriptions. The purpose of this review was to evaluate the impact of educational interventions on medical students' physical activity counselling and exercise prescription perceptions and practices.

CBFA2T3-GLIS2 mediates transcriptional regulation of developmental pathways through a gene regulatory network.

CBFA2T3-GLIS2 is a fusion oncogene found in pediatric acute megakaryoblastic leukemia that is associated with a poor prognosis. We establish a model of CBFA2T3-GLIS2 driven acute megakaryoblastic leukemia that allows the distinction of fusion specific changes from those that reflect the megakaryoblast lineage of this leukemia. Using this model, we map fusion genome wide binding that in turn imparts the characteristic transcriptional signature.

program allows Canadian medical students to promote physical activity and health education in local communities.

Medical student-led walk and talk programs, such as , provide a means for the medical community and community at-large to interact in a non-clinical setting. This environment can increase attendance accountability, enhance patient-provider relationships, and allow medical professionals to be leading examples of healthy, active living. We demonstrate the positive interest for this program, rationale of participants for joining, and the feasibility of its setup.

Adjuvant proton beam therapy in patients with grade 2 meningiomas.

Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) grade 2 meningiomas behave aggressively with a high proclivity toward recurrence despite maximal surgical resection. Our institution, a pioneer of proton therapy, uses exclusively proton beam radiation, and thus, we present a retrospective cohort analysis of patients with WHO grade 2 meningiomas treated with adjuvant proton beam therapy (PBT) at our institution between 2007 and 2019. The effects of adjuvant PBT were evaluated.

Plant evolution: A tapetum is now effectively present in all land plant lineages.

The tapetum, a tissue that elsewhere ensures correct spore development, is missing in some bryophytes. A new study shows that, in the liverwort, Marchantia polymorpha, a gene controlling spore wall deposition is expressed in the capsule lining, so these cells essentially function as a tapetum.

Can evidence drive health equity in the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond?

Using scoping review methods, we systematically searched multiple online databases for publications in the first year of the pandemic that proposed pragmatic population or health system-level solutions to health inequities. We found 77 publications with proposed solutions to pandemic-related health inequities. Most were commentaries, letters, or editorials from the USA, offering untested solutions, and no robust evidence on effectiveness.

Multifractality in stride-to-stride variations reveals that walking involves more movement tuning and adjusting than running.

The seemingly periodic human gait exhibits stride-to-stride variations as it adapts to the changing task constraints. The optimal movement variability hypothesis (OMVH) states that healthy stride-to-stride variations exhibit "fractality"-a specific temporal structure in consecutive strides that are ordered, stable but also variable, and adaptable. Previous research has primarily focused on a single fractality measure, "monofractality.

The Effectiveness of a Mobile Health Clinic Delivering Mandatory and Elective Middle School Immunizations: A Descriptive Analysis.

Introduction: Mobile health clinics serve a unique role in which they can offer affordable and adaptable care to the population they serve. The Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine (VCOM) mobile clinics began in 2020 as a partnership with the South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control (SCDHEC) to address the low vaccination rates that resulted from the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods:  This study is a descriptive analysis that examines the number of vaccinations of tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis (Tdap) and human papillomavirus (HPV) at different locations of administration including pediatrician offices, the novel VCOM mobile vaccination clinic, and the Spartanburg Health Department.

Baseline innate and T cell populations are correlates of protection against symptomatic influenza virus infection independent of serology.

Evidence suggests that innate and adaptive cellular responses mediate resistance to the influenza virus and confer protection after vaccination. However, few studies have resolved the contribution of cellular responses within the context of preexisting antibody titers. Here, we measured the peripheral immune profiles of 206 vaccinated or unvaccinated adults to determine how baseline variations in the cellular and humoral immune compartments contribute independently or synergistically to the risk of developing symptomatic influenza.

Running gait produces long range correlations: A systematic review.

Background: Walking and running are common forms of locomotion, both of which exhibit variability over many gait cycles. Many studies have investigated the patterns generated from that ebb and flow, and a large proportion suggests human gait exhibits Long Range Correlations (LRCs). LRCs refer to the observation that healthy gait characteristic, like stride times, are positively correlated to themselves over time.

Maternal and Paternal Household Pesticide Exposure During Pregnancy and Risk of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate whether risk estimates for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia change when restricting model comparison groups to "nonpesticide exposure" (NPE10) households.

Methods: Cases ( n = 1810) 15 years or younger were identified through Children's Cancer Group institutions between 1989 and 1993 and age-/sex-matched to controls ( n = 1951). Household pesticide use during pregnancy/month prior was collected via telephone.

Lipid Deposition Profiles Influence Foreign Body Responses.

Fibrosis remains a significant cause of failure in implanted biomedical devices and early absorption of proteins on implant surfaces has been shown to be a key instigating factor. However, lipids can also regulate immune activity and their presence may also contribute to biomaterial-induced foreign body responses (FBR) and fibrosis. Here it is demonstrated that the surface presentation of lipids on implant affects FBR by influencing reactions of immune cells to materials as well as their resultant inflammatory/suppressive polarization.

Molecular hydrogen therapy for neurological diseases: a review of current evidence.

Reactive oxygen species and other free radicals cause oxidative stress which is the underlying pathogenesis of cellular injury in various neurological diseases. Molecular hydrogen therapy with its unique biological property of selectively scavenging pathological free radicals has demonstrated therapeutic potential in innumerable animal studies and some clinical trials. These studies have implicated several cellular pathways affected by hydrogen therapy in explaining its anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects.

Winnipeg's North End Wellbeing Measure: Using Social Innovation to Drive Community Measurements.

Background: The Winnipeg Boldness Project, a social innovation initiative addressing early childhood outcomes in the underserved community of Point Douglas, worked alongside the community to develop a meaningful measurement tool, the North End Wellbeing Measure (NEWM). This article describes the context, the research and pilot, and the lessons learned.

Objectives: To develop a community-based tool called the NEWM, which evaluates what is important to Point Douglas families.

Common Trajectories of Highly Effective CD19-Specific CAR T Cells Identified by Endogenous T-cell Receptor Lineages.

Unlabelled: Current chimeric antigen receptor-modified (CAR) T-cell products are evaluated in bulk, without assessing functional heterogeneity. We therefore generated a comprehensive single-cell gene expression and T-cell receptor (TCR) sequencing data set using pre- and postinfusion CD19-CAR T cells from blood and bone marrow samples of pediatric patients with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. We identified cytotoxic postinfusion cells with identical TCRs to a subset of preinfusion CAR T cells.

Pediatric abusive head trauma: ThinkFirst national injury prevention foundation.

Background: Pediatric abusive head trauma (AHT) represents 80% of nonaccidental trauma deaths, remaining a lead cause of death among infants and young children. Furthermore, neurosurgical intervention can ameliorate damage from secondary injury, but we are currently unable to alter the impact of the primary injury. Thus, prevention through increased public awareness is imperative.

Thoracic ventral spinal cord herniation with progressive myelopathy - A case report and review of the literature.

Background: Idiopathic spinal cord herniation (ISCH) is a rare, underrecognized, and often misdiagnosed entity of unclear pathogenesis that typically presents as a slowly progressive thoracic myelopathy. There are less than 200 such cases reported in the literature. ISCH diagnosis and treatment are often delayed contributing to greater fixed neurological deficits, often leading to costly, unnecessary imaging studies, and inappropriate surgery.

Neuroblastoma Formation Requires Unconventional CD4 T Cells and Arginase-1-Dependent Myeloid Cells.

Immune cells regulate tumor growth by mirroring their function as tissue repair organizers in normal tissues. To understand the different facets of immune-tumor collaboration through genetics, spatial transcriptomics, and immunologic manipulation with noninvasive, longitudinal imaging, we generated a penetrant double oncogene-driven autochthonous model of neuroblastoma. Spatial transcriptomic analysis showed that CD4 and myeloid populations colocalized within the tumor parenchyma, while CD8 T cells and B cells were peripherally dispersed.

The ripple effect: Examining the impact on parents of an Abecedarian early child care intervention in an urban social housing development.

The Abecedarian Approach is an internationally recognised early childhood intervention program that has shown long-term positive outcomes for children living in low SES communities. However, there are few studies examining the broader influence of such interventions for young children on the lives of their parents. This article describes the findings of a qualitative study exploring the perceptions and experiences of parents whose children attend an Abecedarian early intervention program located in an urban social housing complex.

Computer-assisted surgery in medical and dental applications.

Introduction: Computer-assisted surgery (CAS) is a broad surgical methodology that utilizes computer technology to both plan and execute surgical intervention. CAS is widespread in both medicine and dentistry as it allows for minimally invasive and precise surgical procedures. Key innovations in volumetric imaging, virtual surgical planning software, instrument tracking, and robotics have assisted in facilitating the transfer of surgical plans to precise execution of surgical procedures.