Five year mortality in an RCT of a lung cancer biomarker to select people for low dose CT screening.

The role of biomarkers in risk-based early detection of lung cancer may enable screening to become cost effective and widely accessible. EarlyCDT-Lung is an example of such a blood-based autoantibody biomarker which may improve accessibility to Low dose Computed Tomography (LDCT) screening for those at highest risk. We randomized 12 208 individuals aged 50-75 at high risk of developing lung cancer to either the test or to standard clinical care.

Superhydrophobic coatings reduce human bacterial foodborne pathogen attachment to woods used in fresh produce harvest and postharvest packing.

Wood is reportedly more difficult to maintain in hygienic condition versus other food contact materials, yet its use in produce packing and retail warrants efforts to reduce the risk of microbial pathogen contamination and attachment. This study characterized antifouling capabilities of fluorinated silanes applied to wood used in fresh edible produce handling to render the wood superhydrophobic and less supportive of bacterial pathogen attachment. Pine and oak cubic coupon surfaces were treated with 1% (w/w) silane or left untreated.

Caplacizumab in pediatric immune thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura: the UK TTP Registry experience.

Pediatric thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is an ultrarare disease. Immune TTP (iTTP) is driven by anti-ADAMTS13 autoantibodies causing an imbalanced von Willebrand factor (VWF):ADAMTS13 axis, and rarer still in children, but potentially life-threatening. Caplacizumab is licensed for iTTP treatment in adults and adolescents aged ≥12 years who weigh ≥40 kg.

A phase II study of cabozantinib and pembrolizumab in advanced gastric/gastroesophageal adenocarcinomas resistant or refractory to immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Background: Most patients with metastatic gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma (mGEA) progress on immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Novel approaches to overcome resistance to ICI in mGEA are needed. Cabozantinib is a multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitor thought to enhance the immunomodulatory effects of ICI.

Southern Region Produce Safety Alliance Grower Training: Using Pre- and Post-Training Knowledge Assessments to Understand Training Effectiveness.

The Produce Safety Alliance (PSA) grower training was introduced in 2016 as the standardized curriculum to meet the training requirements of the Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) Food Safety Modernization Act's (FSMA) Produce Safety Rule (PSR). The PSR states that at least one supervisor or responsible party from each farm must have successfully completed this food safety training or one equivalent to the standardized curriculum, as recognized by the FDA. This study evaluated the effectiveness of PSA trainings conducted between 2017 and 2019 in the Southern United States by the Southern Regional Center for Food Safety Training, Outreach, and Technical Assistance by analyzing pre- and posttest assessments.

Viability and Proliferation Assessment of Gingival Fibroblasts Cultured on Silver Nanoparticle-Doped Ti-6Al-4V Surfaces.

Purpose: To investigate the biocompatibility of silver nanoparticle (AgNP)-doped Ti-6Al-4V surfaces by evaluating the viability and proliferation rate of human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs)-as the dominant cells of peri-implant soft tissues-seeded on the modified surfaces.

Materials And Methods: AgNPs (sizes 8 nm and 30 nm) were incorporated onto Ti-6Al-4V specimen surfaces via electrochemical deposition, using colloid silver dispersions with increasing AgNP concentrations of 100 ppm, 200 ppm, and 300 ppm. One control and six experimental groups were included in the study: (1) control (Ti-6Al-4V), (2) 8 nm/100 ppm, (3) 8 nm/200 ppm, (4) 8 nm/300 ppm, (5) 30 nm/100 ppm, (6) 30 nm/200 ppm, and (7) 30 nm/300 ppm.

Polygenic Scores Clarify the Relationship Between Mental Health and Gender Diversity.

Background: Gender-diverse individuals are at increased risk for mental health problems, but it is unclear whether this is due to shared environmental or genetic factors.

Methods: In two SPARK samples, we tested for associations of 16 polygenic scores (PGSs) with quantitative measures of gender diversity and mental health. In study 1, 639 independent adults (59% autistic) reported their mental health with the Adult Self-Report and their gender diversity with the Gender Self-Report (GSR).

Randomized controlled multi-centre study comparing shorter dental implants (6 mm) to longer dental implants (11-15 mm) in combination with sinus floor elevation procedures: 10-year data.

Aim: To compare implant survival and complication rates between shorter and standard-length implants with sinus augmentation and restored with single crowns, at 10 years of loading.

Materials And Methods: One-hundred and one patients (137 implants) with a ridge height of 5-7 mm in the posterior maxilla were randomly assigned to two treatment modalities: shorter implants (6 mm) (group short [GS]) or standard-length implants (11-15 mm) with sinus grafting (group graft [GG]). Following the insertion of final restorations, patients were regularly recalled for up to 10 years.

A Phase 1 Study of Cabozantinib and Trifluridine/Tipiracil in Metastatic Colorectal Adenocarcinoma.

Introduction: This study determined the safety and recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D) of the multikinase inhibitor cabozantinib in combination with trifluridine/tipiracil (FTD/TPI) in refractory metastatic colorectal carcinoma (mCRC).

Patients And Methods: Single institution investigator-initiated phase 1 study using 3+3 design. Eligible mCRC patients had received prior standard regimens.

A Qualitative Study of the Work Systems and Culture Around End-of-Day Intraoperative Anesthesia Handoffs in a Tertiary Care Center.

Background: Intraoperative handoffs have been implicated as a contributing factor in many perioperative adverse events. Despite conflicting data around their impact on perioperative outcomes, they remain a vulnerable point in the perioperative system with significant attention focused on improving them. This study aimed to understand the processes in place surrounding the point of information transfer in intraoperative handoffs.

Conversion of the anatomic crown of a natural tooth to an interim-retained restoration for enhanced esthetics and soft tissue stability in the maxillary esthetic zone: A clinical report.

Immediate non-functional loading of an implant in the anterior region is a documented treatment modality with high success rates. This therapeutic approach is frequently used to overcome esthetic and functional problems during the provisionalization period, but also because it provides better support of the peri-implant soft tissues. For that purpose, an implant-supported resin restoration, either traditionally or digitally made, is used.

Affimer-mediated locking of p21-activated kinase 5 in an intermediate activation state results in kinase inhibition.

Kinases are important therapeutic targets, and their inhibitors are classified according to their mechanism of action, which range from blocking ATP binding to covalent inhibition. Here, a mechanism of inhibition is highlighted by capturing p21-activated kinase 5 (PAK5) in an intermediate state of activation using an Affimer reagent that binds in the P+1 pocket. PAK5 was identified from a non-hypothesis-driven high-content imaging RNAi screen in urothelial cancer cells.

Structure, Function, and Allosteric Regulation of the 20S Proteasome by the 11S/PA28 Family of Proteasome Activators.

The proteasome, a complex multi-catalytic protease machinery, orchestrates the protein degradation essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis, and its dysregulation also underlies many different types of diseases. Its function is regulated by many different mechanisms that encompass various factors such as proteasome activators (PAs), adaptor proteins, and post-translational modifications. This review highlights the unique characteristics of proteasomal regulation through the lens of a distinct family of regulators, the 11S, REGs, or PA26/PA28.

Knowledge, Attitude, Behavior Practices and Compliance of Workers Exposed to Respirable Dust in a Zambian Copper Mine.

Work in the copper mining industry is often associated with exposure to respirable dust and respirable crystalline silica. This exposure has the potential to cause silicosis, an incurable occupational respiratory lung disease. This study aimed at establishing the relationship between knowledge, attitudes, work behavioral practices and compliance with safety standards and workers' exposure to respirable dust.

Prenatal FGFR2 Signaling via PI3K/AKT Specifies the PDGFRA Myofibroblast.

It is well known that FGFR2 (fibroblast growth factor receptor 2) signaling is critical for proper lung development. Recent studies demonstrate that epithelial FGFR2 signaling during the saccular phase of lung development (sacculation) regulates alveolar type 1 (AT1) and AT2 cell differentiation. During sacculation, PDGFRA (platelet-derived growth factor receptor-α)-positive lung fibroblasts exist as three functional subtypes: contractile myofibroblasts, extracellular matrix-producing matrix fibroblasts, and lipofibroblasts.

The role of the retinal vasculature in age-related macular degeneration: a spotlight on OCTA.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) remains a disease with high morbidity and an incompletely understood pathophysiological mechanism. The ocular blood supply has been implicated in the development of the disease process, of which most research has focused on the role of the choroid and choriocapillaris. Recently, interest has developed into the role of the retinal vasculature in AMD, particularly with the advent of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), which enables non-invasive imaging of the eye's blood vessels.

Lethality Validation for Human Pathogenic on Chicken Feathers and Blood during Simulated Commercial Low-Temperature Dry Rendering.

Poultry rendering is the process of upcycling inedible poultry carcass materials into useful animal food/feed components as well as other valuable commercial products. Microbiological safety validation is nonetheless critical to ensuring the prevention of food safety hazard(s) transmission. This study determined the death kinetics of the thermotolerant serovar Senftenberg isolate 775W in chicken feathers and blood in low-temperature dry rendering (i.

Comparison of electronic versus mechanical torque-limiting devices for dental implants: An in vitro study.

Purpose: To determine the accuracy of new electronic torque-limiting devices (ET) when compared to new and used conventional-style beam-type (BT) mechanical torque-limiting devices and hand-piece style (HS) mechanical torque-limiting devices. The secondary purpose was to compare any difference in accuracy between new and used mechanical torque-limiting devices, and any difference in accuracy when used on a straight versus an angled screw channel abutment.

Materials And Methods: A total of five torque-limiting devices were used to obtain 2000 readings under standardized conditions.

Estimation of Numbers of Testing Personnel and Test Volume in the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments of 1988 Certificate of Accreditation and Certificate of Compliance Laboratories in the United States.

Context.—: Two major categories of laboratories performing nonwaived testing under the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments of 1988 (CLIA) are the Certificate of Accreditation (CoA) and Certificate of Compliance (CoC) laboratories. Accreditation organizations collect more detailed laboratory personnel information than the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) Quality Improvement and Evaluation System (QIES).

Phase IIa Clinical Biomarker Trial of Dietary Arginine Restriction and Aspirin in Colorectal Cancer Patients.

After potentially curative treatment, colorectal cancer (CRC) patients remain at high risk for recurrence, second primary CRC, and high-risk adenomas. In combination with existing data, our previous findings provide a rationale for reducing tissue polyamines as tertiary prevention in non-metastatic CRC patients. The goal of this study was to demonstrate rectal tissue polyamine reduction in optimally treated stage I-III CRC patients after intervention with daily oral aspirin + dietary arginine restriction.

The Gender Self-Report: A multidimensional gender characterization tool for gender-diverse and cisgender youth and adults.

Gender identity is a core component of human experience, critical to account for in broad health, development, psychosocial research, and clinical practice. Yet, the psychometric characterization of gender has been impeded due to challenges in modeling the myriad gender self-descriptors, statistical power limitations related to multigroup analyses, and equity-related concerns regarding the accessibility of complex gender terminology. Therefore, this initiative employed an iterative multi-community-driven process to develop the Gender Self-Report (GSR), a multidimensional gender characterization tool, accessible to youth and adults, nonautistic and autistic people, and gender-diverse and cisgender individuals.