Cutting Edge: Characterization of Low Copy Number Human Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2-Transgenic Mice as an Improved Model of SARS-CoV-2 Infection.

A popular mouse model of COVID-19, the K18-hACE2 mouse, expresses the SARS-coronavirus entry receptor, human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (hACE2) driven by the keratin-18 promoter. SARS-CoV-2-infected K18-hACE2 mice exhibit neuropathology not representative of human infection. They contain eight transgene (Tg) copies, leading to excess hACE2 expression and rampant viral replication.

Initial and subsequent 3-year cost after hospitalization for first acute ischemic stroke and intracerebral hemorrhage.

Aims: To examine 1) the major drivers of index hospitalization and 3-year post-acute follow-up care, 2) cost for rehabilitation and homecare, and 3) indirect cost from lost productivity after acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).

Methods: Retrospective study of adults hospitalized with AIS (n = 811) and ICH (N = 145) between 2003 and 2014. Direct costs standardized to Medicare reimbursement rates were captured for hospitalization and 3-year follow-up or death.

Association of hyperlipidaemia with 5-year survival after hospitalisation for acute myocardial infarction: a propensity score matched analysis.

Objectives: The primary objective was to examine the association between hyperlipidaemia (HLP) and 5-year survival after incident acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The secondary objectives were to assess the effect of HLP on survival to discharge across patient subgroups, and the impact of statin prescription, intensity and long-term statin adherence on 5-year survival.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study of 7071 patients hospitalised for AMI at Mayo Clinic from 2001 through 2011.

Association between hyperlipidemia and mortality after incident acute myocardial infarction or acute decompensated heart failure: a propensity score matched cohort study and a meta-analysis.

Objective: To examine the effect of HLP, defined as having a pre-existing or a new in-hospital diagnosis based on low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level ≥100 mg/dL during index hospitalisation or within the preceding 6 months, on all-cause mortality after hospitalisation for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) or acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) and to determine whether HLP modifies mortality associations of other competing comorbidities. A systematic review and meta-analysis to place the current findings in the context of published literature.

Design: Retrospective study, 1:1 propensity-score matching cohorts; a meta-analysis.

Predictors of Recurrent Hospitalizations and the Importance of These Hospitalizations for Subsequent Mortality After Incident Transient Ischemic Attack.

Background: We examined predictors of recurrent hospitalizations and the importance of these hospitalizations for subsequent mortality after incident transient ischemic attacks (TIA) that have not yet been investigated.

Methods: Adults hospitalized for TIA from 2000 through 2017 were examined for recurrent hospitalizations, days, and percentage of time spent hospitalized and long-term mortality.

Results: Of 266 patients hospitalized for TIA, 122 died, 212 had 826 anycondition hospitalization (59 from TIA-related conditions) corresponding to 3384 inpatient days during 1693 person-years of follow-up.

Incremental risk of long-term mortality with increased burden of comorbidity in hospitalized patients with pneumonia.

Background: Patients hospitalized for pneumonia often have concurrent comorbid conditions (CCs). The influence of CCs on the risk of subsequent death is not fully understood.

Methods: We examined adults hospitalized for pneumonia between 1996 through 2015 at Mayo Clinic for the presence of 20 priori selected CCs.

Five-Year Mortality After Transient Ischemic Attack: Focus on Cardiometabolic Comorbidity and Hospital Readmission.

Background And Purpose: We aimed at providing estimates of mortality associated with cardiometabolic comorbidity and incident readmission from cardiometabolic as compared with noncardiometabolic conditions after a first transient ischemic attack.

Methods: Between 2000 and 2015, patients hospitalized for a first transient ischemic attack were examined for cardiometabolic comorbidities (diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease, heart failure, and atrial fibrillation), 5-year incident hospitalization, and time to death.

Results: Of 251 patients with transient ischemic attack, 134 (53%) had at least 1 and 55 (22%) had at least 2 cardiometabolic conditions.

Effect of early hospital readmission and comorbid conditions on subsequent long-term mortality after transient ischemic attack.

Background: The implications of early readmission on long-term mortality after transient ischemic attack (TIA) are not known. We aimed at examining the effect of 180-day readmission on subsequent long-term mortality after index hospitalization for TIA.

Methods: A retrospective study of patients hospitalized for first-ever TIA at Mayo Clinic from 2000 through 2017.

The Effects of Caffeine on Arousal, Response Time, Accuracy, and Performance in Division I Collegiate Fencers.

Doyle, TP, Lutz, RS, Pellegrino, JK, Sanders, DJ, and Arent, SM. The effects of caffeine on arousal, response time, accuracy, and performance in Division I collegiate fencers. J Strength Cond Res 30(11): 3228-3235, 2016-Caffeine has displayed ergogenic effects on aerobic performance.

Carboxamide SIRT1 inhibitors block DBC1 binding via an acetylation-independent mechanism.

SIRT1 is an NAD (+) -dependent deacetylase that counteracts multiple disease states associated with aging and may underlie some of the health benefits of calorie restriction. Understanding how SIRT1 is regulated in vivo could therefore lead to new strategies to treat age-related diseases. SIRT1 forms a stable complex with DBC1, an endogenous inhibitor.