Investigating the biosynthesis and roles of the auxin phenylacetic acid during - pathogenesis.

Several plant-associated microbes synthesize the auxinic plant growth regulator phenylacetic acid (PAA) in culture; however, the role of PAA in plant-pathogen interactions is not well understood. In this study, we investigated the role of PAA during interactions between the phytopathogenic bacterium strain DC3000 (DC3000) and the model plant host, . Previous work demonstrated that indole-3-acetaldehyde dehydrogenase A (AldA) of DC3000 converts indole-3-acetaldehyde (IAAld) to the auxin indole-3-acetic acid (IAA).

Use of tensioned olive wires through a neutralization plate for syndesmotic reduction.

Ankle fractures are a common osteologic outcome from trauma. These fracture patterns include a variety of concomitant soft tissue disruptions, including diastasis. Surgical treatment of a syndesmotic injury can be performed in conjunction with open reduction with internal fixation.