Patient-Reported Outcome Measures Including Nasal Breathing Improvement After Functional Rhinoplasty Using Endonasal Septal Extension Grafting.

To measure the change perceived by patients after endonasal rhinoplasty using a, septal extension graft (SEG), as measured by patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs). A retrospective review of patients with nasal obstruction underwent septoplasty, turbinoplasty, and SEG. PROMs were assessed to compare operative outcomes for breathing (Nose Obstruction Symptom Evaluation [NOSE], Sinonasal Outcome Test [SNOT]-22, Standardized Cosmesis and Health Nasal Outcomes Survey [SCHNOS]), and sleep quality (Epworth Sleepiness Scale [ESS]) Of the 34 patients undergoing rhinoplasty with Endonasal SEG, the median patient age was 38.

Proliferative Sickle Cell Retinopathy: A Patient and a Physician's Perspective on Quality of Life and Quality of Eye Care.

The impact of visual impairment in the context of sickle cell disease is poorly understood. Despite the significant advancements over the past three decades in retinal imaging and in the understanding of molecular mechanisms that drive retinal neovascularization, there has been little improvement in the management of proliferative sickle cell retinopathy. This article is co-authored by a patient impacted by proliferative sickle cell retinopathy.

Chikungunya seroprevalence, force of infection, and prevalence of chronic disability after infection in endemic and epidemic settings: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and modelling study.

Background: Chikungunya is an arboviral disease transmitted by Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes with a growing global burden linked to climate change and globalisation. We aimed to estimate chikungunya seroprevalence, force of infection (FOI), and prevalence of related chronic disability and hospital admissions in endemic and epidemic settings.

Methods: In this systematic review, meta-analysis, and modelling study, we searched PubMed, Ovid, and Web of Science for articles published from database inception until Sept 26, 2022, for prospective and retrospective cross-sectional studies that addressed serological chikungunya virus infection in any geographical region, age group, and population subgroup and for longitudinal prospective and retrospective cohort studies with data on chronic chikungunya or hospital admissions in people with chikungunya.

Validated Symptom Outcomes Following Septal Perforation Repair: Application of the NOSE-Perf Scale.

Objective: The Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE)-Perf scale was developed and validated to measure symptoms associated with nasal septal perforations. This study reports the application of the NOSE-Perf scale to evaluate symptom change following septal perforation repair.

Methods: Patients with NOSE-Perf evaluations ≥6 months following attempted perforation closure from July 2018 to December 2021 utilizing bilateral nasal mucosal flaps with an interposition graft were eligible for study inclusion.

Microbial interactions among , and prior to incident bacterial vaginosis: protocol for a prospective, observational study.

Introduction: The aetiology of bacterial vaginosis (BV), a biofilm-associated vaginal infection, remains unknown. Epidemiologic data suggest that it is sexually transmitted. BV is characterised by loss of lactic acid-producing lactobacilli and an increase in facultative and strict anaerobic bacteria.

Health and Healthcare Disparities in Pediatric Epilepsy in the United States: A Scoping Review.

Objectives: Health disparities impact epilepsy care in children. Previous efforts to summarize data in this population have been limited. This study sought to understand how this information exists in the literature and identify gaps in knowledge.

Parental preconception stress in zebrafish induces long-lasting anxiety in offspring.

The growth and function of the vertebrate brain are impacted by environmental stimuli and early life stress. Adults who experience chronic stress during early life are more likely to suffer various neurodevelopmental and health issues. However, our understanding of how these specific environmental signals at different developmental stages affect brain development is poorly understood.

Elevated CO interacts with nutrient inputs to restructure plant communities in phosphorus-limited grasslands.

Globally pervasive increases in atmospheric CO and nitrogen (N) deposition could have substantial effects on plant communities, either directly or mediated by their interactions with soil nutrient limitation. While the direct consequences of N enrichment on plant communities are well documented, potential interactions with rising CO and globally widespread phosphorus (P) limitation remain poorly understood. We investigated the consequences of simultaneous elevated CO (eCO ) and N and P additions on grassland biodiversity, community and functional composition in P-limited grasslands.

Clinical Outcomes of US Adults Hospitalized for COVID-19 and Influenza in the Respiratory Virus Hospitalization Surveillance Network, October 2021-September 2022.

Severe outcomes were common among adults hospitalized for COVID-19 or influenza, while the percentage of COVID-19 hospitalizations involving critical care decreased from October 2021 to September 2022. During the Omicron BA.5 period, intensive care unit admission frequency was similar for COVID-19 and influenza, although patients with COVID-19 had a higher frequency of in-hospital death.

Indian immigrants' constructions of mental health and mental illness in the perinatal period: A qualitative study.

Aim: The aim of this study is to explore how immigrant women and men from India construct mental health and mental illness in the perinatal period.

Design: Qualitative interpretive design.

Methods: Data were collected by conducting in-depth interviews with 19 participants.

A dynamic knowledge graph approach to distributed self-driving laboratories.

The ability to integrate resources and share knowledge across organisations empowers scientists to expedite the scientific discovery process. This is especially crucial in addressing emerging global challenges that require global solutions. In this work, we develop an architecture for distributed self-driving laboratories within The World Avatar project, which seeks to create an all-encompassing digital twin based on a dynamic knowledge graph.

Mechanosensitive genomic enhancers potentiate the cellular response to matrix stiffness.

Epigenetic control of cellular transcription and phenotype is influenced by changes in the cellular microenvironment, yet how mechanical cues from these microenvironments precisely influence epigenetic state to regulate transcription remains largely unmapped. Here, we combine genome-wide epigenome profiling, epigenome editing, and phenotypic and single-cell RNA-seq CRISPR screening to identify a new class of genomic enhancers that responds to the mechanical microenvironment. These 'mechanoenhancers' could be active on either soft or stiff extracellular matrix contexts, and regulated transcription to influence critical cell functions including apoptosis, mechanotransduction, proliferation, and migration.

Incorporation of emergent symptoms and genetic covariates improves prediction of aromatase inhibitor therapy discontinuation.

Objectives: Early discontinuation is common among breast cancer patients taking aromatase inhibitors (AIs). Although several predictors have been identified, it is unclear how to simultaneously consider multiple risk factors for an individual. We sought to develop a tool for prediction of AI discontinuation and to explore how predictive value of risk factors changes with time.

Chemical basis of microbiome preference in the nematode C. elegans.

Animals are exposed to many microbes in their environment, some of which have been shown to colonize various tissues including the intestine. The composition of the intestinal microbiota affects many aspects of the host's physiology and health. Despite this, very little is known about whether host behavior contributes to the colonization.

An Automated Strategy to Calculate Medication Regimen Complexity.

Understanding medication regimen complexity is important to understand what patients may benefit from pharmacist interventions. Medication Regimen Complexity Index (MRCI), a 65-item tool to quantify the complexity by incorporating the count, dosage form, frequency, and additional administration instructions of prescription medicines, provides a more nuanced way of assessing complexity. The goal of this study was to construct and validate a computational strategy to automate the calculation of MRCI.

The implementation of a pectus bar insertion enhanced recovery after surgery pathway: A quality improvement initiative.

Background: Pectus excavatum repair is associated with significant discomfort, and pain is a primary contributor to postoperative hospital length of stay. Recent advances in postoperative pain control include the use of intercostal cryoablation techniques that may now make it possible to discharge patients on the day of surgery. Unnecessary variation in patient care and noncompliance with care bundles may be a factor in extended length of stay.

Sympathetic determinants of resting blood pressure in males and females.

Discharge of postganglionic muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) is related poorly to blood pressure (BP) in adults. Whether neural measurements beyond the prevailing level of MSNA can account for interindividual differences in BP remains unclear. The current study sought to evaluate the relative contributions of sympathetic-BP transduction and sympathetic baroreflex gain on resting BP in young adults.

Positive and negative affect change following psychotherapeutic treatment for anxiety-related disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Anxiety-related disorders feature elevated negative affect (NA), and in some cases, diminished positive affect (PA). It remains unclear how well extant psychotherapies for anxiety-related disorders improve PA versus NA.

Methods: We systematically searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, PsychInfo, and Web of Science databases.

Decreasing exposure to thyroid radiation in an orthopaedic theatre setting: an educational intervention.

The use of personal protective equipment (PPE) can significantly reduce staff exposure to harmful radiation and infection. Fluoroscopic procedures in orthopaedic theatre can generate high levels of radiation and good adherence to PPE use is essential to reduce long term cancer risk, including thyroid cancer. To assess baseline compliance with PPE, availability of PPE in theatre and carry out an intervention to promote greater use of PPE.