Relationship Between CXCL11, CXCL13, CCL2, and CCL5 Gene Expression Levels and Allograft Function in Patients Undergoing Renal Transplant.

Objectives: Chemokines are inflammatory mediators directly involved in immunological mechanisms that mediate alloimmune responses; recently, gene expression analysis studies have aroused great interest in the field of transplantation. We aimed to evaluate the predictive role of chemokine gene expression in rejection in renal transplant patients.

Materials And Methods: Our study included 91 patients who underwent living-related renal transplant.

Subureteric injection for the treatment of vesicoureteral reflux in transplant kidneys.

Introduction: Treatment of de novo vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) into the transplanted kidney constitutes a clinical challenge. Herein, we present our data on patients who underwent endoscopic subureteric injection for the treatment of VUR following renal transplantation (RT) in our center.

Methods: The patients who underwent endoscopic subureteric injection for VUR into the transplanted kidney after RT in our department between 2008 and 2023 were reviewed retrospectively.

Adulthood cosmetic and sexual outcomes of the patients who underwent hypospadias repair in childhood.

This study aimed to assess the cosmetic and sexual outcomes of childhood hypospadias repair after puberty. Among 672 patients who underwent hypospadias repair between 2001 and 2017, 243 sexually active patients were included in the study. At their last visit, cosmetic and sexual evaluation were done through the Penile Perception Score, the Hypospadias Objective Scoring Evaluation, IIEF, MSHQ-EjD.

Urotherapy and biofeedback resistant dysfunctional voiding: How to deal with?

Objectives: To analyze the management strategies in the children who had treatment-resistant dysfunctional voiding (DV).

Methods: Among 75 children with DV who underwent pelvic floor biofeedback therapy (BF) between 2013 and 2020, 16 patients (14 girls, 87.5%) with a mean age of 9.

Can urinary caspase-3 and cytochrome c levels be used as predictive biomarkers in the management of unilateral antenatal hydronephrosis?

Purpose: We aimed to investigate the urinary caspase-3 and cytochrome c levels in patients with unilateral antenatal hydronephrosis and to determine whether changes in urinary biomarker levels could be useful for both predicting the need for surgical intervention due to ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) and postoperative surgical success.

Methods: Sixty-five children with a history of unilateral antenatal hydronephrosis and postnatal anteroposterior diameter ≥ 10 mm were included in this prospective case-control study between January 2013 and December 2021. The obstruction group consisted of 33 patients (28 boys, 84.

What to Expect on the Long-term Follow-up of Pediatric Pyeloplasty: Critical Time Intervals and Risk Factors.

Background: Standard protocol for post-pyeloplasty monitoring in children and natural course of hydronephrosis resolution have not been well defined. We aimed to analyze critical time intervals and risk factors in the long-term clinical outcomes of children who were operated for ureteropelvic junction obstruction.

Methods: Files of patients who underwent open dismembered pyeloplasty between January 2000 and December 2012 and had a ≥10 years follow-up were retrospectively reviewed.

Impact of the Age at Distal Hypospadias Surgery on Behavioral Problems, Somatic Symptoms and Irritability Levels in Children.

Background: To assess the effect of age at hypospadias surgery on emotional and behavioural problems, somatic symptoms, irritability, and penile perception.

Methods: We retrospectively identified the patients who underwent single distal hypospadias surgery and age-matched healthy controls were included. There were two further subgroups according to the age at the time of hypospadias repair (<2 vs.

Outcomes of a newly established transitional urology outpatient clinic: a real-world experience.

Purpose: To evaluate the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients who visited our transitional urology (TU) outpatient clinic formed by pediatric urologists with urology background within the first year upon its establishment.

Methods: Files of 130 consecutive patients who visited our TU outpatient clinic, which was established in 01 March 2021, between 01 March 2021 and 01 March 2022 were retrospectively collected. Patients were divided into two groups: those with a previous follow-up in our pediatric urology department (Group I, n: 81, 62.

Predictive value of ultrasound in prenatal diagnosis of hypospadias: hints for accurate diagnosis.

Objectives: This study aims to assess the diagnostic accuracy of targeted ultrasound examination in prenatal diagnosis of hypospadias and to evaluate the predictive values of defined ultrasonographic findings of hypospadias.

Methods: The cases diagnosed with hypospadias in our fetal medicine center were identified on an electronic database. The ultrasound reports, images and hospital records were reviewed retrospectively.

Maintenance biofeedback therapy for dysfunctional voiding: Does every child need it?

Objectives: The aim of the present study is to analyze the long-term clinical outcomes in children who were treated with biofeedback therapy (BF) for dysfunctional voiding (DV) and to determine the need for maintenance of BF due to clinical relapse.

Methods: Files of children with DV who underwent BF between 2013 and 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients with neurological or anatomical problems were excluded.

Lower Urinary Tract Reconstruction for Ectopic Ureterocele: What Happens in the Long-term Follow-up?

Background: We aimed to analyze the long-term clinical and lower urinary tract function outcomes in children with duplex system ectopic ureterocele who underwent ureteroneocystostomy and ureterocelectomy.

Methods: Fifty-one patients (28 females, 23 males) who underwent a series of surgical interventions including lower urinary tract reconstruction in childhood for duplex system ectopic ureterocele in our center between 1998 and 2019, were retrospectively reviewed. The demographic and clinical data, surgical history, and the indication for ureterocelectomy were noted.

Does pre-fellowship experience alter success rates of endoscopic treatment of vesicoureteral reflux during pediatric urology fellowship?

Introduction: Learning curve is a well-known factor that affects the success rate of endoscopic injection for vesicoureteral reflux (VUR).

Objective: To our knowledge, the significance of pre-fellowship training has not been studied. In the present study, our aim was to investigate the effect of pre-fellowship training on the endoscopic treatment success rates of pediatric urology fellows.

Urodynamically proven lower urinary tract dysfunction in children after COVID-19: A case series.

Case: Since the declaration of COVID-19 as a pandemic, other unexpected symptoms related to the infection besides the respiratory system have been reported. Although a few case reports have revealed that adult patients with COVID-19 also complained of urinary frequency and nocturia, the exact pathophysiology is still unclear. In this case series, we present three children aged 14 to 17 years with urodynamically proven lower urinary tract dysfunction (LUTD) following COVID-19.

Bladder granulocytic sarcoma in a child: case report and literature review.

Background: Granulocytic sarcoma (GS) is an extramedullary solid tumor composed of immature myeloid cells. GS has been associated with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), myelodysplastic syndromes or myeloproliferative diseases. Although GS can affect various tissues of the human body, it has rarely been reported in other soft tissues such as the breast, gastrointestinal, respiratory and genitourinary tracts.

Urinary HSP70 can predict the indication of surgery in unilateral ureteropelvic junction obstruction.

Background: Distinguishing hydronephrosis that requires surgical intervention is a clinical challenge. The aim of this study is to determine the level of urinary heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) in children who required surgery for ureteropelvic junction obstruction and its potential use as a biomarker for prediction of surgery in children with isolated unilateral hydronephrosis.

Methods: The data of 43 children with ureteropelvic junction obstruction who underwent pyeloplasty, 25 patients with non-obstructive dilation (NOD) and 30 healthy children (control group) were collected prospectively for this study.

Effects of systemic androgens on late-stage urethral wound healing: An animal study.

Background: There are limited data regarding the effects of systemic androgens on late-stage urethral wound healing.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of systemic androgens on fibrosis and scar formation in late-stage urethral wound healing.

Materials And Methods: Forty-five male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into three groups.

Urinary biomarkers can identify the need for pyeloplasty in presence of supranormal differential renal function in antenatally diagnosed unilateral hydronephrosis.

Introduction: Decision for surgery can be challenging in children with AH (Antenatal Hydronephrosis) especially in the setting of supranormal differential renal function (SnDRF).

Objective: Aim of this study is to investigate whether IP-10 (interferon gamma-induced protein 10), MCP-1 (monocyte chemotactic protein-1), NGAL (neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin), CA 19-9 (carbohydrate antigen 19-9), and KIM-1 (kidney injury molecule-1) can identify the need for pyeloplasty in presence of SnDRF in antenatally diagnosed unilateral hydronephrosis.

Study Design: A prospectively collected urinary biomarker database was used for the study.

Prenatal diagnosis and outcome of unilateral multicystic kidney.

We reviewed the records of 144 patients. The mean gestational age at first US diagnosis was 27.5 ± 4.

Renal, Bladder and Sexual Outcomes in Adult Men with History of Posterior Urethral Valves Treated in Childhood.

Objective: To determine the adulthood outcomes of bladder, kidney, and sexual functions of posterior urethral valve (PUV) patients.

Materials And Methods: The records of patients who were treated for PUV between 1980, and 2001 and aged ≥18 years by the end of 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients with complete adulthood data were included in the study.

Can urinary biomarkers detect obstruction defined by renal functional loss in antenatal hydronephrosis?

Introduction: Diagnosing obstruction and thus, assessment of need for surgery in the management of antenatal hydronephrosis may be challenging. Current diagnostic tests are not capable of indicating which patients are at risk for obstructive nephropathy. Biomarkers may play an important role in distinguishing these patients.