Tuberculosis treatment outcome of TB/HIV co-infected patients at Adare Hospital, Hawassa City Administration, Sidama Region.

Background: There is lack of evidence on the TB treatment outcomes of TB/HIV co-infected patients who received anti-TB treatment in Sidama region. In this study, we aimed to assess the treatment outcome of TB/HIV co-infected patients receiving care at Adare Hospital in Hawasa City, Sidama Region.

Methods: A cross sectional study based on retrospective data among TB/HIV co-infected cases was conducted at Adare Hospital.

Seasonal variations in household food security and consumption affect women's nutritional status in rural South Ethiopia.

Food availability varies seasonally in most rural areas of developing nations, especially in areas affected by drought and climate change, with women being one of the most vulnerable groups. This study aimed to assess the effect of seasonal variation in household food security, adequate dietary diversity, food consumption, and wealth on the nutritional status of women of reproductive age in a rural community in South Ethiopia. Further, the study aimed at identifying associated factors with women's nutrition status.

Insecticide-treated bed nets and residual indoor spraying reduce malaria in areas with low transmission: a reanalysis of the Maltrials study.

Background: The malaria incidence data from a malaria prevention study from the Rift Valley, Central Ethiopia, were reanalysed. The objective was to investigate whether including an administrative structure within the society, which may have required consideration in the protocol or previous analysis, would provide divergent outcomes on the effect measures of the interventions.

Methods: A cluster-randomized controlled trial lasting 121 weeks with 176 clusters in four groups with 6071 households with 34,548 persons was done: interventions combining indoor residual spraying (IRS) and insecticide-treated nets (ITNs), IRS alone, ITNs alone and routine use.

Time to tuberculosis development and its predictors among HIV-positive patients: A retrospective cohort study.

Objectives: To assess the incidence and predictors of time to Tuberculosis (TB) development among Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) positive patients attending follow-up care in health facilities of Hawassa, Ethiopia.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study from April 1-30, 2023. A total of 422 participants were selected using a simple random sampling method.

Contraceptive use among people with disabilities in sub-Sahara Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

In sub-Saharan Africa, there are different studies on contraceptive use and associated factors among people with disabilities. However, the findings are inconsistent and inconclusive. This study aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of contraceptive use and associated factors among women with disabilities in sub-Saharan Africa.

Sexual lives of reproductive-aged people with disabilities in Central Sidama National Regional State, Ethiopia: a mixed-methods study.

Background: Sexuality is an important part of human life; people with disabilities have the same sexual desires as people without disabilities. However, the status of the sexual lives of reproductive-aged people with disabilities is unfolded in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study was aimed to assess sexual lives and its associated factors among reproductive-aged people with disabilities in central Sidama National Regional State, Ethiopia.

The burden of disabilities in Sidama National Regional State, Ethiopia: A cross-sectional, descriptive study.

Background: Assessing the burden and describing the status of people with disabilities is very essential. The previous studies conducted about the prevalence, causes, and types of disability in Ethiopia were inconsistent and disagreeable.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence, causes, and types of disabilities in Sidama National Regional State, Ethiopia.

Unintended pregnancy and its associated factors among women with disabilities in central Sidama National Regional State, Ethiopia: a multilevel analysis.

Background: Unintended pregnancy is one of the most common reproductive health problems. The problem makes women with disabilities doubly burdened by their disabilities. The previous evidences are inconsistent and do not address all women with disabilities.

Sexual violence and associated factors among reproductive-age females with disabilities in central Sidama National Regional State, Ethiopia: a multilevel analysis.

Background: Sexual violence is one of the most common problems in reproductive health that causes different traumatic events that lead to mental, social, and physical problems. Females with disabilities are subjected to more traumatic events and consequences. In Ethiopia, there are limited evidences about the prevalence and associated factors of sexual violence among reproductive-aged females with disabilities.

Contraceptive use among reproductive-age females with disabilities in central Sidama National Regional State, Ethiopia: a multilevel analysis.

Background: Contraceptive use is an important and cost-effective intervention to prevent unwanted pregnancies. People with disabilities face discrimination when it comes to using contraception and are doubly burdened by unwanted pregnancies. However, the status of contraceptive use and associated factors among reproductive-aged females with disabilities was not adequately determined in Ethiopia.

Frailty status and associated factors among older PLHIV in Southern Ethiopia.

Background: Studies addressing frailty are limited in the global south, including Ethiopia. We estimated the prevalence of frailty and associated factors among older people living with HIV (PLHIV) attending a large Comprehensive Specialized Hospital in southern Ethiopia.

Methods: A systematic sample of 187 PLHIV and 187 HIV-negative controls > 50 years old were recruited between October 1 and November 30, 2021.

Risk factors of multidrug resistant tuberculosis among patients with tuberculosis at selected multidrug resistance treatment initiative centres in southern Ethiopia: a case-control study.

Objective: To identify the risk factors for multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) among patients with TB at selected MDR-TB treatment initiative centres, southern Ethiopia, 2021.

Design: An unmatched case-control study was employed.

Setting: Multidrug resistance treatment initiative centres in southern Ethiopia (Nigist Elen Mohamed Memorial Comprehensive Specialized Hospital and Butajira General Hospital).

Coaching for impact: successful implementation of a multi-national, multi-institutional synchronous research course in Ethiopia.

Purpose: Under the American College of Surgeons' Operation Giving Back, several US institutions collaborated with a teaching and regional referral hospital in Ethiopia to develop a surgical research curriculum.

Methods: A virtual, interactive, introductory research course which utilized a web-based classroom platform and live educational sessions via an online teleconferencing application was implemented. Surgical and public health faculty from the US and Ethiopia taught webinars and led breakout coaching sessions to facilitate participants' project development.

Factors associated with stunting among children aged 6-59 months in Bensa District, Sidama Region, South Ethiopia: unmatched case-control study.

Background: Stunting remains one of the most common malnutrition problems among children in Ethiopia. Identifying the risk factors of stunting assists health planners to prioritize prevention strategies, and is a fundamental step for intervention. Therefore, this study aimed to assess factors associated with stunting among children aged 6-59 months in Bensa district, Sidama Region, South Ethiopia, 2018.

Older children are at increased risk of Plasmodium vivax in south-central Ethiopia: a cohort study.

Background: Better understanding of the distribution of Plasmodium vivax and its risk factors could be used to prevent and control malaria infection. Therefore, the aim of this study was to characterize the distribution and risk factors of P. vivax, and to compare them with Plasmodium falciparum occurrence in south-central Ethiopia.

Magnitude and Factors Associated with Hygiene Practice Among Primary School Children in Mareko District, Southern Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Poor school hygiene practice is a major health problem in developing countries, including Ethiopia, and is a leading factor for children's school absenteeism due to hygiene-related illnesses. To our knowledge, little is known about hygiene practice conducted in southern Ethiopia including our study area. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess magnitude and associated factors of hygiene practice among primary school children in Mareko District.

Determinants of stillbirths among women who gave birth at Hawassa university comprehensive specialized hospital, Hawassa, Sidama, Ethiopia 2019: a case-control study.

Background: Globally over 2.6 million pregnancy ends with stillbirth annually. Despite this fact, only a few sherds of evidence were available about factors associated with stillbirth in Ethiopia.

Effect of nutrition education on iodine deficiency disorders and iodized salt intake in south west Ethiopian women: a cluster randomized controlled trial.

Background: Although iodine nutrition status is improving globally, the progress is not uniform throughout the world due to several factors. Among these, poor knowledge, negative attitude and improper practice of iodized salt are the main risk factors for poor iodine nutrition in Ethiopia. This study was aimed to assess the effect of nutrition education intervention on knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of iodine deficiency and iodized salt utilization.

Spatiotemporal clustering of malaria in southern-central Ethiopia: A community-based cohort study.

Introduction: Understanding the spatiotemporal clustering of malaria transmission would help target interventions in settings of low malaria transmission. The aim of this study was to assess whether malaria infections were clustered in areas with long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) alone, indoor residual spraying (IRS) alone, or a combination of LLINs and IRS interventions, and to determine the risk factors for the observed malaria clustering in southern-central Ethiopia.

Methods: A cohort of 34,548 individuals residing in 6,071 households was followed for 121 weeks, from October 2014 to January 2017.

Correction to: Bed nets used to protect against malaria do not last long in a semi-arid area of Ethiopia: a cohort study.

Following publication of the original article [1], the author has flagged errors that affect the scientific content of the article.

Long-lasting insecticidal nets and indoor residual spraying may not be sufficient to eliminate malaria in a low malaria incidence area: results from a cluster randomized controlled trial in Ethiopia.

Background: Conflicting results exist on the added benefit of combining long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) with indoor residual spraying (IRS) to control malaria infection. The main study objective was to evaluate whether the combined use of LLINs and IRS with propoxur provides additional protection against Plasmodium falciparum and/or Plasmodium vivax among all age groups compared to LLINs or IRS alone.

Methods: This cluster-randomized, controlled trial was conducted in the Rift Valley area of Ethiopia from September 2014 to January 2017 (121 weeks); 44 villages were allocated to each of four study arms: LLIN + IRS, IRS, LLIN, and control.

Low use of long-lasting insecticidal nets for malaria prevention in south-central Ethiopia: A community-based cohort study.

Introduction: A decline in malaria morbidity and mortality has been documented in Ethiopia since 2005 following a scale-up of the distribution of long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs). However, universal access to LLINs ownership and use has not yet been achieved. This study aimed to determine ownership and use of LLINs over time in south-central Ethiopia.

Reshaping the vector control strategy for malaria elimination in Ethiopia in the context of current evidence and new tools: opportunities and challenges.

The core vector control measures, long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) and indoor residual spraying (IRS), reduce the risk of malaria infection by targeting indoor biting mosquitoes. These two interventions are found to be effective in malaria control, but not sufficient to eliminate malaria. The main challenges with LLINs and IRS are insecticide resistance, misuse of the interventions, host behaviour, such as staying out-door during early night or sleeping outdoor without using protective measures, and vector behaviour including feeding on bovine blood, outdoor biting and outdoor resting.

Cost-effectiveness of a combined intervention of long lasting insecticidal nets and indoor residual spraying compared with each intervention alone for malaria prevention in Ethiopia.

Background: The effectiveness of long lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) and indoor residual spraying (IRS), for malaria prevention, have been established in several studies. However, the available evidence about the additional resources required for a combined implementation (LLIN + IRS) with respect to the added protection afforded is limited. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the cost-effectiveness of combined implementation of LLINs and IRS, compared with LLINs alone, IRS alone, and routine practice in Ethiopia.