Reconfigurable and nonvolatile ferroelectric bulk photovoltaics based on 3R-WS for machine vision.

Hardware implementation of reconfigurable and nonvolatile photoresponsivity is essential for advancing in-sensor computing for machine vision applications. However, existing reconfigurable photoresponsivity essentially depends on the photovoltaic effect of p-n junctions, which photoelectric efficiency is constrained by Shockley-Queisser limit and hinders the achievement of high-performance nonvolatile photoresponsivity. Here, we employ bulk photovoltaic effect of rhombohedral (3R) stacked/interlayer sliding tungsten disulfide (WS) to surpass this limit and realize highly reconfigurable, nonvolatile photoresponsivity with a retinomorphic photovoltaic device.

Trends of early-onset colorectal cancer in Singapore: an epidemiological study of a multi-ethnic population.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence and mortality in those aged 50 years and above have decreased over the last 2 decades. However, there is a rising incidence in CRC among individuals under 50 years of age, termed early-onset colorectal cancer (EOCRC). EOCRC patients are more advanced stage at diagnosis and may suffer more psychosocial, emotional and financial distress.

2D-Penta-PdPS: Gate-Tunable and Thickness-Dependent Thermoelectric Transport.

Pentagonal two-dimensional (2D) materials are notable for unique properties derived from their Cairo pentagonal tiling topology. This study explores the thermoelectric potential of exfoliated penta-palladium-phosphorus-sulfur (PdPS) atomic layers, an air-stable 2D semiconductor with a puckered pentagonal low-symmetry structure, grown via chemical vapor transport (CVT). Thickness-dependent in-plane electrical conductivity (σ) and thermoelectric power factor (PF) of PdPS are investigated from 20-380 K, showing an increase in σ with thickness (11, 13, and 88-layer).

A multicenter multinational study to evaluate different aspects of the relationship between MS and pregnancy.

Background: To investigate the pregnancy-related issues in females with multiple sclerosis (MS) from Turkiye, Egypt, Kuwait, and Iran.

Methods: 1692 pregnancies of 701 females with MS were evaluated in this retrospective multicenter, international project. Demographics, clinical features, pregnancy outcomes, relapses, effects of exposure to disease-modifying drugs on pregnancy and fetus, and worries about pregnancy decisions were investigated.

Mechanochemically-based three-way approach for the synthesis of K-doped Cu-Fe/ZnO-AlO catalysts for converting CO to oxygenates.

Three ball-milling methodologies were developed to synthesize bespoke multi-metallic K-doped Cu-Fe/ZnO-AlO catalysts for the hydrogenation of carbon dioxide. The catalytic performance of the catalysts was benchmarked against their solution-based counterparts. The catalysts synthesized by ball milling are greener, showing smaller particles, with different selectivity towards oxygenate products.

Few-layer BiOSe: a promising candidate for high-performance near-room-temperature thermoelectric applications.

Advancements in high-temperature thermoelectric (TE) materials have been substantial, yet identifying promising near-room-temperature candidates for efficient power generation from low-grade waste heat or TE cooling applications has become critical but proven exceedingly challenging. Bismuth oxyselenide (BiOSe) emerges as an ideal candidate for near-room-temperature energy harvesting due to its low thermal conductivity, high carrier mobility and remarkable air-stability. In this study, the TE properties of few-layer BiOSe over a wide temperature range (20-380 K) are investigated, where a charge transport mechanism transitioning from polar optical phonon to piezoelectric scattering at 140 K is observed.

Hydrogen Activation with Ru-PNP Pincer Complexes for the Conversion of C Feedstocks.

The hydrogenation of C feedstocks (CO and CO) has been investigated using ruthenium complexes [RuHCl(CO)(PNP)] as the catalyst. PNP pincer ligands containing amines in the linker between the central pyridine donor and the phosphorus donors with bulky substituents (-butyl () or TMPhos ()) are required to obtain mononuclear single-site catalysts that can be activated by the addition of KOBu to generate stable five-coordinate complexes [RuH(CO)(PNP-H)], whereby the pincer ligand has been deprotonated. Activation of hydrogen takes place via heterolytic cleavage to generate [RuH(CO)(PNP)], but in the presence of CO, coordination of CO occurs preferentially to give [RuH(CO)(PNP-H)].

Effective electrical manipulation of a topological antiferromagnet by orbital torques.

The electrical control of the non-trivial topology in Weyl antiferromagnets is of great interest for the development of next-generation spintronic devices. Recent studies suggest that the spin Hall effect can switch the topological antiferromagnetic order. However, the switching efficiency remains relatively low.

Extendable piezo/ferroelectricity in nonstoichiometric 2D transition metal dichalcogenides.

Engineering piezo/ferroelectricity in two-dimensional materials holds significant implications for advancing the manufacture of state-of-the-art multifunctional materials. The inborn nonstoichiometric propensity of two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides provides a spiffy ready-available solution for breaking inversion centrosymmetry, thereby conducing to circumvent size effect challenges in conventional perovskite oxide ferroelectrics. Here, we show the extendable and ubiquitous piezo/ferroelectricity within nonstoichiometric two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides that are predominantly centrosymmetric during standard stoichiometric cases.

Berry Curvature Dipole Induced Giant Mid-Infrared Second-Harmonic Generation in 2D Weyl Semiconductor.

Due to its inversion-broken triple helix structure and the nature of Weyl semiconductor, 2D Tellurene (2D Te) is promising to possess a strong nonlinear optical response in the infrared region, which is rarely reported in 2D materials. Here, a giant nonlinear infrared response induced by large Berry curvature dipole (BCD) is demonstrated in the Weyl semiconductor 2D Te. Ultrahigh second-harmonic generation response is acquired from 2D Te with a large second-order nonlinear optical susceptibility (χ ), which is up to 23.

Implementing an Inclusive, Multidisciplinary Supportive Care Model to Provide Integrated Care to Breast and Gynaecological Cancer Survivors: A Case Study at an Asian Ambulatory Cancer Centre.

Introduction: Supportive care models considering inclusivity and community services to improve integrated care for cancer survivors are limited. In this case study, we described the implementation of a multidisciplinary care model employing routine distress screening and embedded integrated care pathways to integrate care across disciplines and care sectors, while remaining inclusive of the multi-ethnic and multilingual population in Singapore. We reported implementation outcomes after 18 months of implementation.

Influence of Preoperative T1-Slope and Cervical Sagittal Vertical Axis on Postoperative Cervical Sagittal Alignment Following Posterior Cervical Laminoplasty.

Background: Assess correlation between preoperative cervical sagittal alignment (T1 slope [T1S] and C2-C7 cervical sagittal vertical axis [cSVA]) and postoperative cervical sagittal balance after posterior cervical laminoplasty.

Methods: Consecutive patients who underwent laminoplasty at a single institution with >6 weeks postoperative follow-up were divided into 4 groups based on preoperative cSVA and T1S (Group 1: cSVA <4 cm/T1S <20°; Group 2: cSVA ≥4 cm/T1S ≥20°; Group 3: cSVA <4 cm/T1S ≥20°; Group 4: cSVA <4 cm/T1S <20°). Radiographic analyses were conducted at 3 timepoints, and changes in cSVA, C2-C7 cervical lordosis (CL), and T1S -CL were compared.

Multi-domain biopsychosocial postoperative recovery trajectories associate with patient outcomes following lumbar fusion.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to describe and assess the impact of multi-domain biopsychosocial (BPS) recovery on outcomes following lumbar spine fusion. We hypothesized that discrete patterns of BPS recovery (e.g.

A Class Effect Network Meta-analysis of Lipid Modulation in Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis for Dyslipidemia.

Background And Aims: Pharmaceutical therapy for NASH is associated with lipid modulation, but the consensus on drug treatment is limited and lacks comparative analysis of effectiveness. A network meta-analysis was conducted to compare NASH drug classes in lipid modulation.

Methods: Online databases were searched for randomized controlled trails (RCTs) evaluating NASH treatments in biopsy-proven NASH patients.

Comparable Outcomes in Early Hepatocellular Carcinomas Treated with Trans-Arterial Chemoembolization and Radiofrequency Ablation.

The guidelines recommend radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for early hepatocellular carcinomas that are less than 3 cm and trans-arterial chemoembolization (TACE) for intermediate-stage tumors. Real-world patient and tumor factors commonly limit strict adherence to the guidelines. We aimed to compare the clinical outcomes for TACE and RFA in early HCC.

Exploring the Socio-Demographic and Psychosocial Factors That Enhance Resilience in the COVID-19 Crisis.

The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has greatly affected mental health worldwide. This study aimed to identify sociodemographic and psychosocial factors that influence the level of resilience among Singaporeans amidst the pandemic. An online questionnaire was administered to Singaporeans and permanent residents aged 21 and above.

Hepatocellular Carcinoma Incidence in Alcohol-Associated Cirrhosis: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background & Aims: Alcohol is one of the leading causes of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, pooled estimates of HCC incidence in alcohol-associated cirrhosis have not been evaluated systematically. We performed a pooled analysis of time-to-event data to provide robust estimates for the incidence of HCC in alcohol-associated cirrhosis.

Modelling the atmospheric dispersion of radiotracers in small-scale, controlled detonations: validation of dispersion models using field test data.

A series of modelling exercises, based on field tests conducted in the Czech Republic, were carried out by the 'Urban' Working Groups as part of the International Atomic Energy Agency's Environmental Modelling for Radiation Safety II, Modelling and Data for Radiological Impact Assessment (MODARIA) I and MODARIA II international data compilation and model validation programmes. In the first two of these programmes, data from a series of field tests involving dispersion of a radiotracer,Tc, from small-scale, controlled detonations were used in a comparison of model predictions with field measurements of deposition. In the third programme, data from a similar field test, involving dispersion ofLa instead ofTc, were used.

Bending stiffness characterization of Bacillus subtilis' flagellar filament.

The filament of a bacterial flagellum is a tube-like organelle made of a single protein-flagellin-and assembled into multiple polymorphic forms. The filament can be further discretized into four subunit domains (D0, D1, D2, and D3) along the radial direction. However, it remains unclear which subunit domain plays an important role in regulating the rigidity of the filament.

Economic Impact of Revision Operations for Adjacent Segment Disease of the Subaxial Cervical Spine.

Introduction: Adjacent segment disease (ASD) of the cervical spine is a common disabling phenomenon that often requires surgical intervention. The goal of this study was to evaluate the economic impact of revision operations for cervical ASD.

Methods: Consecutive adults who underwent revision cervical spine surgery for ASD at a single institution between 2014 and 2017 were retrospectively reviewed.

Low-Power Magnetron Sputtering Deposition of Antimonene Nanofilms for Water Splitting Reaction.

Antimonene (Sb) is a novel kind of two-dimensional (2D) material that is predicted to be promising for various applications, such as water splitting and semiconductor devices. Several methods have been reported to prepare Sb nanoflakes/nanofilms; however, it is still relatively difficult to prepare Sb nanofilms. In this work, a method of low-power magnetron sputtering deposition was used for the preparation of Sb nanofilms with lateral dimensions on the centimeter scale and controllable film thickness.

Urban working groups in the IAEA's model testing programmes: overview from the MODARIA I and MODARIA II programmes.

The IAEA's model testing programmes have included a series of Working Groups concerned with modelling radioactive contamination in urban environments. These have included the Urban Working Group of Validation of Environmental Model Predictions (1988-1994), the Urban Remediation Working Group of Environmental Modelling for Radiation Safety (EMRAS) (2003-2007), the Urban Areas Working Group of EMRAS II (2009-2011), the Urban Environments Working Group of (Modelling and Data for Radiological Impact Assessments) MODARIA I (2013-2015), and most recently, the Urban Exposures Working Group of MODARIA II (2016-2019). The overarching objective of these Working Groups has been to test and improve the capabilities of computer models used to assess radioactive contamination in urban environments, including dispersion and deposition processes, short-term and long-term redistribution of contaminants following deposition events, and the effectiveness of various countermeasures and other protective actions, including remedial actions, in reducing contamination levels, human exposures, and doses to humans.