Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Detection by Chromogenic In Situ Hybridization (CISH) and p16 Immunohistochemistry (IHC) in Breast Intraductal Papilloma and Breast Carcinoma.

Purpose: This study explored human papillomavirus (HPV) amplification in breast benign and malignant lesions by chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH) and the concordance of p16 expression by immunohistochemistry.

Patients And Methods: The presence of HPV6/11 and HPV16/18 in 33 cases of intraductal papilloma, 34 cases of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), and 56 cases of invasive breast carcinoma (IBC) was evaluated using matched-background breast parenchyma and breast reduction as control groups. Association with clinicopathologic factors including prognosis was assessed.

GATA binding protein 3 (GATA3) as a marker for metaplastic spindle cell carcinoma of the breast.

Spindle cell lesions of the breast comprise a diverse set of tumors; harboring significant histological and immunohistochemical (IHC) overlap. Accurate diagnosis and classification of spindle cell lesions in the breast remains challenging, especially in core biopsies. In the current study, we evaluated a spectrum of spindle cell lesion of the breast with a panel of IHC antibodies in an effort to differentiate metaplastic spindle cell carcinoma from its benign and malignant mimickers.

Androgen Receptor Immunohistochemical Expression in Undifferentiated/Dedifferentiated Endometrial Carcinoma.

Uterine undifferentiated (UC)/dedifferentiated (DEAC) carcinomas are rare malignant neoplasms. They tend to pursue an aggressive clinical course with an advanced stage at presentation. It has been found that androgen receptor (AR) might play a role as a prognostic and therapeutic marker in endometrial carcinoma.

MaTAR25 lncRNA regulates the Tensin1 gene to impact breast cancer progression.

Misregulation of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) genes has been linked to a wide variety of cancer types. Here we report on Mammary Tumor Associated RNA 25 (MaTAR25), a nuclear enriched and chromatin associated lncRNA that plays a role in mammary tumor cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, both in vitro and in vivo. MaTAR25 functions by interacting with purine rich element binding protein B (PURB), and associating with a major downstream target gene Tensin1 (Tns1) to regulate its expression in trans.

COVID-19 in recent heart transplant recipients: Clinicopathologic features and early outcomes.

Background: The impact of COVID-19 on heart transplant (HTx) recipients remains unclear, particularly in the early post-transplant period.

Methods: We share novel insights from our experience in five HTx patients with COVID-19 (three within 2 months post-transplant) from our institution at the epicenter of the pandemic.

Results: All five exhibited moderate (requiring hospitalization, n = 3) or severe (requiring ICU and/or mechanical ventilation, n = 2) illness.

Northwell Health Laboratories: The 10-Year Outcomes After Deciding to Keep the Lab.

Context.—: Northwell Health Laboratories were established in 1997, serving the Northwell Health system. In 2008, the health system considered minority entry into a joint venture with a commercial laboratory.

Gross Dissection Time Values of Pathologists' Assistants Using Standardized Metrics.

Objectives: A validated and objective method to quantify the gross dissection time of pathologists' assistants (PAs) does not exist. We propose a method to calculate standardized work units (dissection time values [DTVs]) to monitor PA productivity.

Methods: The Current Procedural Terminology system specifies six levels of specimen complexity encompassing 176 unique specimen types.

Correction: Identification of grade and origin specific cell populations in serous epithelial ovarian cancer by single cell RNA-seq.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Identification of grade and origin specific cell populations in serous epithelial ovarian cancer by single cell RNA-seq.

Here we investigated different cell populations within ovarian cancer using single-cell RNA seq: fourteen samples from nine patients with differing grades (high grade, low grade and benign) as well as different origin sites (primary and metastatic tumor site, ovarian in origin and fallopian in origin). We were able to identify sixteen distinct cell populations with specific cells correlated to high grade tumors, low grade tumors, benign and one population unique to a patient with a breast cancer relapse. Furthermore the proportion of these populations changes from primary to metastatic in a shift from mainly epithelial cells to leukocytes with few cancer epithelial cells in the metastases.

Mucinous Cystadenocarcinoma of the Breast: Report of 2 Cases Including One With Long-Term Local Recurrence.

Primary mucinous cystadenocarcinoma (MCA) of breast is an exceedingly rare tumor with histologic resemblance to MCA arising in ovary, pancreas, and gastrointestinal tract. In this article, we present 2 additional cases of MCA of breast, one highlighting the diagnostic challenges of a rare entity that may potentially lead to unnecessary chemotherapy and the second case presenting with recurrence after 8 years of primary surgical excision defying the indolent behavior reported in the literature. To our knowledge, this is the first reported instance of such behavior.

Routine Pathologic Evaluation of Plastic Surgery Specimens: Are We Wasting Time and Money?

Background: Recent health care changes have encouraged efforts to decrease costs. In plastic surgery, an area of potential cost savings includes appropriate use of pathologic examination. Specimens are frequently sent because of hospital policy, insurance request, or habit, even when clinically unnecessary.

Two microRNA signatures for malignancy and immune infiltration predict overall survival in advanced epithelial ovarian cancer.

MicroRNAs have been established as key regulators of tumor gene expression and as prime biomarker candidates for clinical phenotypes in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). We analyzed the coexpression and regulatory structure of microRNAs and their co-localized gene targets in primary tumor tissue of 20 patients with advanced EOC in order to construct a regulatory signature for clinical prognosis. We performed an integrative analysis to identify two prognostic microRNA/mRNA coexpression modules, each enriched for consistent biological functions.

Aberrant Expression of Napsin A in Breast Carcinoma With Apocrine Features.

An incidental finding of napsin A-positive breast carcinoma with apocrine features during workup for metastatic cancer in an axillary lymph node led to our investigation of the incidence of napsin A expression in breast carcinomas, focusing on those with apocrine features. We included 97 cases of breast carcinomas and performed immunohistochemistry with napsin A, GATA-3, thyroid transcription factor-1, and GCDFP-15. There was a statistically significant difference between apocrine and nonapocrine cases with respect to polyclonal napsin A H-scores (P < .

Young investigator challenge: Cadherin-17 and SATB2 in cytology specimens: Do these new immunostains help in differentiating metastatic colorectal adenocarcinoma from adenocarcinomas of other origins?

Background: Cadherin-17 (intestinal peptide-associated transporter) and SATB2 (SATB homeobox 2) immunoexpression has recently been described in surgical pathology to have value in establishing the colorectal origin of metastatic adenocarcinoma. However, to the authors' knowledge, the role of these markers in metastatic colorectal adenocarcinoma (MCA) in cytology has not been addressed to date. In the current study, the authors evaluated the contribution of cadherin-17 and SATB2 to the diagnosis of MCA in cytology specimens and compared these two novel markers with the standard gastrointestinal immunohistochemistry panel in an attempt to identify the optimal panel.

Utility of telepathology as a consultation tool between an off-site surgical pathology suite and affiliated hospitals in the frozen section diagnosis of lung neoplasms.

Background: Increasingly, as in our institution, operating rooms are located in hospitals and the pathology suite is located at a distant location because of off-site consolidation of pathology services. Telepathology is a technology which bridges the gap between pathologists and offers a means to obtain a consultation remotely. We aimed to evaluate the utility of telepathology as a means to assist the pathologist at the time of intraoperative consultation of lung nodules when a subspecialty pathologist is not available to directly review the slide.

Periductal Stromal Sarcoma of the Breast With Liposarcomatous Differentiation: A Case Report With 10-Year Follow-up and Literature Review.

A biphasic tumor with features of benign ductal elements and a malignant stromal component that lacks the architecture of a phylloides tumor represents a diagnostic challenge. A 35-year-old woman presented with a painful mass located in the upper inner quadrant of the right breast. A biopsy revealed histologically that the tumor had a multinodular architecture with malignant spindle cells forming cuffs around multiple open benign ducts.

Retrospective blinded review of interpretational diagnostic discrepancies in surgical pathology: 18 years of experience at a tertiary care facility.

We evaluated our quality assurance (QA) methods and QA consensus conference model for assessing the rate of interpretational diagnostic errors and trend of errors. Using monthly QA reports from review of frozen section- permanent section correlation and amended reports, all cases with interpretational diagnostic errors were identified. Retrospective blinded review of study cases were independently performed by all staff pathologist and subsequently discussed in QA conference sessions.

Ossifying fibromyxoid tumor of the breast mimicking fibroadenoma: a case report and differential diagnoses.

An 80-year-old woman presented with a palpable mass in the right breast. Mammographic findings were consistent with calcified fibroadenoma. An ultrasound was performed that showed a solid nodule with peripheral calcification.

Localized crystal-storing histiocytosis presenting as a breast nodule: an unusual presentation of a rare entity.

Crystal-storing histiocytosis (CSH) is a rare disorder associated with crystalline immunoglobulin deposition in the cytoplasm of histiocytes and is usually associated with lymphoproliferative or plasma cell disorders (LP-PCD) that express monoclonal immunoglobulin. Localized CSH without underlying LP-PCD are extremely rare. We report a case of localized CSH in breast which was an unexpected difficult diagnosis.

Usefulness of GATA3 and p40 immunostains in the diagnosis of metastatic urothelial carcinoma in cytology specimens.

Background: GATA3 (GATA-binding protein 3) expression in urothelial carcinoma (UC) and mammary carcinomas has been recently reported. However, to the authors' knowledge, studies examining GATA3 staining of metastatic UC (MUC) in cytology specimens are lacking. Delta Np63 (p40) has been shown to be expressed highly selectively in squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) but the literature concerning the expression of p40 in UC is limited and controversial.

Role of PAX-8, CD5, and CD117 in distinguishing thymic carcinoma from poorly differentiated lung carcinoma.

Aim: To determine if PAX-8, CD5, and CD117 can differentiate thymic carcinoma from poorly differentiated lung carcinoma.

Design: Archived cases of thymic (n=13) and poorly differentiated lung (n=15) carcinoma were analyzed for intensity and proportion of expression of PAX-8, CD117, and CD5.

Results: PAX-8 was positive in 69.

Consolidation of the North Shore-LIJ Health System anatomic pathology services: the challenge of subspecialization, operations, quality management, staffing, and education.

Objectives: To describe our experience, both in meeting challenges and in reporting outcomes, of the consolidation of anatomic pathology services in the North Shore-LIJ Health System in February 2011.

Methods: We addressed issues of governance, personnel, physical plant, quality programming, connectivity, and education.

Conclusions: The highly regulated nature of the laboratory industry and the fact that patient care necessarily never pauses require that such a consolidation take place without a break in service or degradation in turnaround time and quality while engaging personnel at all levels in the extra duties related to consolidation.

Renal Medullary Carcinoma Masquerading as Bilateral Breast Carcinoma Category: Case Report.

Metastatic disease to the breast accounts for less than 1% of all breast carcinoma. Here we describe an unusual case of a 34-year-old black female with history of sickle cell trait who presented to her gynecologist with bilateral palpable breast masses. Based on initial workup including pathology results from biopsies of both breast masses, she was diagnosed with bilateral breast cancer.

Classic lobular neoplasia on core biopsy: a clinical and radio-pathologic correlation study with follow-up excision biopsy.

There are no consensus guidelines for the management of lobular neoplasia diagnosed on core biopsy as the highest risk factor for cancer. This study aimed to assess the risk of upgrade (invasive carcinoma or ductal carcinoma in situ) at the site of the lobular neoplasia and any clinical, radiological or pathologic factors associated with the upgrade. We reviewed all cases with a diagnosis of lobular neoplasia on core biopsy from June 2006 to June 2011.

Th17 and non-Th17 interleukin-17-expressing cells in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: delineation, distribution, and clinical relevance.

Background: The levels and clinical relevance of Th17 cells and other interleukin-17-producing cells have not been analyzed in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. The objective of this study was to quantify blood and tissue levels of Th17 and other interleukin-17-producing cells in patients with this disease and correlate blood levels with clinical outcome.

Design And Methods: Intracellular interleukin-17A was assessed in blood and splenic mononuclear cells from patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia and healthy subjects using flow cytometry.