Anti-Xanthine Oxidase 5'-Hydroxyhericenes A-D from the Edible Mushroom and Structure Revision of 3-[2,3-Dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-1-yl]-pyridine-4,5-diol.

is an edible mushroom with diverse pharmaceutical applications. Although this mushroom is an attractive source of natural products for cancer treatment, little is known about the bioactive compounds from this mushroom, which may possess antibreast cancer activity. Here, we report the isolation and structure elucidation of new compounds, 5'-hydroxyhericenes A-D () as an inseparable mixture, together with known compounds () from the fruiting body of .

Multimodal Molecular Imaging and Identification of Bacterial Toxins Causing Mushroom Soft Rot and Cavity Disease.

Soft rot disease of edible mushrooms leads to rapid degeneration of fungal tissue and thus severely affects farming productivity worldwide. The bacterial mushroom pathogen Burkholderia gladioli pv. agaricicola has been identified as the cause.

UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS-Based Molecular Networking Guided Isolation and Dereplication of Antibacterial and Antifungal Constituents of .

is an herbal medicine for the treatment of wound infection; therefore this plant may rich in antibacterial agents. UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS-Based molecular networking guided isolation and dereplication led to the identification of antibacterial and antifungal agents in . Nine antimicrobial agents in were isolated and characterized; they are divided into four groups including (I) flavonoid glycosides, rhamnazin 3-rhamninoside (), catharticin or rhamnocitrin 3-rhamninoside (), xanthorhamnin B or rhamnetin 3-rhamninoside (), kaempferol 3-rhamninoside () and flavovilloside or quercetin 3-rhamninoside (), (II) benzisochromanquinone, ventilatones B () and A (), (III) a naphthopyrone ventilatone C () and (IV) a triterpene lupeol ().

On-Line Polyketide Cyclization into Diverse Medium-Sized Lactones by a Specialized Ketosynthase Domain.

Ketosynthase (KS) domains of modular type I polyketide synthases (PKSs) typically catalyze the Claisen condensation of acyl and malonyl units to form linear chains. In stark contrast, the KS of the rhizoxin PKS branching module mediates a Michael addition, which sets the basis for a pharmacophoric δ-lactone moiety. The precise role of the KS was evaluated by site-directed mutagenesis, chemical probes, and biotransformations.

Two Types of Threonine-Tagged Lipopeptides Synergize in Host Colonization by Pathogenic Burkholderia Species.

Bacterial infections of agriculturally important mushrooms and plants pose a major threat to human food sources worldwide. However, structures of chemical mediators required by the pathogen for host colonization and infection remain elusive in most cases. Here, we report two types of threonine-tagged lipopeptides conserved among mushroom and rice pathogenic Burkholderia species that facilitate bacterial infection of hosts.