Impact of different strains on secondary metabolites accumulation in L. hairy roots and antiviral activity of their extracts against influenza virus of subtypes A (H5N1) and A (H3N2).

To optimize protocol for obtaining hairy roots of L. with high antiviral activities, factors such as four strain types of (A4, ATCC15834, R-1601, 8196), two explant types, namely cotyledonous and primary leaves of seedlings, and different cultivation durations (30 and 90 d) were studied. The formation of hairy roots was observed after 2 to 4 wk of incubation, depending on the type of explant and the strain of used.

Cost-benefit analysis for health project evaluation (example of a Russian outpatient clinics' project in the Novosibirsk region).

Introduction: The development of social infrastructure projects in medicine corresponds to transforming public priorities toward social development in general and health care in particular. Therefore, there is a need to develop comprehensive quantitative methods for evaluating such projects.

Methods: This paper uses a combination of two approaches: first, cost-benefit analysis taking into account the relationship between financial and economic efficiency; second, the study of the efficiency of participation in a public-private partnership concerning project efficiency.

Thidiazuron and LED Lighting Enhance Taxifolin and Rutin Production in Turcz. Microshoot Culture.

Turcz., distributed throughout the northern region of East Asia has been considered to be an alternative natural source of taxifolin (dihydroquercetin) and rutin. The present study was conducted based on a biotechnological approach to develop an environment friendly and efficient system to produce taxifolin and rutin microshoots, using different thidiazuron (TDZ) treatments (0.

Investments in research infrastructure on the project level: Problems, methods and mechanisms.

Evaluation of infrastructure projects usually involves the separate application of financial or economic analysis to assess return on investment. In this paper we have developed a modified approach that includes additional public effects and their distribution between project participants in the financial and economic model of the research infrastructure project. Evaluation methods are based on the transition from financial to economic efficiency by adjusting cash flows and including indirect effects (impact of technological spillovers), externalities (knowledge spillovers and ecological effects) and tax effects.

L. hairy root culture as a source of compounds with antiviral activity against influenza virus subtypes А(H5N1) and А(H3N2).

The hairy root culture of halophyte was obtained by transforming seedlings' primary leaves with a wild strain of 15834 SWISS (transformation frequency was 78.7%). The roots' transgenic status was confirmed by PCR analysis using -, -, -, -specific primers.