Purpose: To illustrate the successful outcome of pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with melphalan irrigation for vitreous hemorrhage (VH) with suspected viable retinoblastoma. Despite the high risk of intraocular surgery, it was performed to preserve the only potentially seeing eye with treated retinoblastoma.
Methods: Vitreous hemorrhage occurred in the only eye of a 4-year-old boy after treatment for recurrent multifocal group C retinoblastoma with systemic chemotherapy (carboplatin, etoposide, and cyclophosphamide; and vincristine, cyclophosphamide, and doxorubicin), ruthenium brachytherapy with plaque repositioning, cryotherapy, and external radiotherapy.