EGFR T790M mutation detection in NSCLC patients resistant to tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy.

Background: The finding of mutations that activate epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in people with lung adenocarcinoma resulted in the creation of a new class of biological treatments called tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI). These medications have changed how patients with EGFR mutations are clinically managed, nearly doubling their survival rate compared to standard chemotherapy. Though 1st and 2nd generation EGFR TKIs are initially highly effective, typically within 9-14 months all tumors with the mutation progress due to secondary resistance mutations involving alternative molecular pathways.

Characteristic Mutational Damages in Gastric and Colorectal Adenocarcinomas.

Introduction: Gastric and colorectal adenocarcinomas are prevalent malignancies characterized by mutations in genes such as p53, RAS, and MDM2, which play crucial roles in tumorigenesis and cancer progression. Understanding the specific mutational patterns and their implications in these cancers was essential for identifying potential therapeutic targets.

Aim: To identify the nature of mutational disorders in the p53, p21Waf1, RAS and MDM2 genes, depending on the degree of cell differentiation by adenocarcinomas of the gastrointestinal tract.

Determination of genetic predisposition to early breast cancer in women of Kazakh ethnicity.

Breast cancer (BC) is the most common type of cancer among women in Kazakhstan. To date, little data are available on the spectrum of genetic variation in Kazakh women with BC. We aimed to identify population-specific genetic markers associated with the risk of developing early-onset BC and test their association with clinical and prognostic factors.

Mutational Damages in Malignant Lung Tumors.

Background: Today, genomic changes are an important cause of the occurrence, growth and progression of cancer. Technological advances in cancer genomic analysis platforms have made it possible to identify genomic alterations that may influence response to lung cancer treatment.

Methods: The study examined tumor growth-inhibiting oncogenes and genes responsible for cell growth and division to identify mutations characteristic of malignant lung tumors.