Oestrogen Detoxification Ability of White Rot Fungus LE-BIN 072: Exoproteome and Transformation Product Profiling.

White rot fungi, especially representatives of the genus spp. (Polyporaceae), are effective destructors of various xenobiotics, including oestrogens (phenol-like steroids), which are now widespread in the environment and pose a serious threat to the health of humans, animals and aquatic organisms. In this work, the ability of the white rot fungus LE-BIN 072 to transform oestrone (E1) and 17β-oestradiol (E2), the main endocrine disruptors, was shown.

Fermentation of Rice, Oat, and Wheat Flour by Pure Cultures of Common Starter Lactic Acid Bacteria: Growth Dynamics, Sensory Evaluation, and Functional Properties.

Recent consumer demand for non-dairy alternatives has forced many manufacturers to turn their attention to cereal-based non-alcoholic fermented products. In contrast to fermented dairy products, there is no defined and standardized starter culture for manufacturing cereal-based products. Since spontaneous fermentation is rarely suitable for large-scale commercial production, it is not surprising that manufacturers have started to adopt centuries-known dairy starters based on lactic acid bacteria (LABs) for the fermentation of cereals.

Efficacy and safety of pentosan polysulfate sodium in people with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis and dyslipidaemia: protocol of the MaRVeL trial.

Introduction: Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent arthritis type and a leading cause of chronic mobility disability. While pain medications provide only symptomatic pain relief; growing evidence suggests pentosan polysulfate sodium (PPS) is chondroprotective and could have anti-inflammatory effects in knee OA. This study aims to explore the efficacy and safety of oral PPS in symptomatic knee OA with dyslipidaemia.

Cholinergic changes in Lewy body disease: implications for presentation, progression and subtypes.

Cholinergic degeneration is significant in Lewy body disease, including Parkinson's disease, dementia with Lewy bodies, and isolated REM sleep behaviour disorder. Extensive research has demonstrated cholinergic alterations in the CNS of these disorders. More recently, studies have revealed cholinergic denervation in organs that receive parasympathetic denervation.

Changes in Composition of Some Bioactive Molecules upon Inclusion of Probiotic Strains into a Standard Yogurt Starter Culture.

Incorporation of probiotic into a standard yogurt starter culture can drastically improve its health promoting properties. However, besides being an advantage in itself, the incorporation of a new probiotic strain can significantly affect the overall composition of fermented milk. In this article, the effect of incorporation of the probiotic strains (KF1 and MA3) into several standard yogurt starter cultures (consisting of the following strains: 16t and either Lb100 or Lb200) was investigated.

Impaired cholinergic integrity of the colon and pancreas in dementia with Lewy bodies.

Dementia with Lewy bodies is characterized by a high burden of autonomic dysfunction and Lewy pathology in peripheral organs and components of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system. Parasympathetic terminals may be quantified with 18F-fluoroetoxybenzovesamicol, a PET tracer that binds to the vesicular acetylcholine transporter in cholinergic presynaptic terminals. Parasympathetic imaging may be useful for diagnostics, improving our understanding of autonomic dysfunction and for clarifying the spatiotemporal relationship of neuronal degeneration in prodromal disease.

Exoproteomic Study and Transcriptional Responses of Laccase and Ligninolytic Peroxidase Genes of White-Rot Fungus LE-BIN 072 Grown in the Presence of Monolignol-Related Phenolic Compounds.

Being an abundant renewable source of aromatic compounds, lignin is an important component of future bio-based economy. Currently, biotechnological processing of lignin through low molecular weight compounds is one of the conceptually promising ways for its valorization. To obtain lignin fragments suitable for further inclusion into microbial metabolism, it is proposed to use a ligninolytic system of white-rot fungi, which mainly comprises laccases and peroxidases.

Severe cholinergic terminal loss in newly diagnosed dementia with Lewy bodies.

Cholinergic changes play a fundamental role in the natural history of dementia with Lewy bodies and Lewy body disease in general. Despite important achievements in the field of cholinergic research, significant challenges remain. We conducted a study with four main objectives: (i) to examine the integrity of cholinergic terminals in newly diagnosed dementia with Lewy bodies; (ii) to disentangle the cholinergic contribution to dementia by comparing cholinergic changes in Lewy body patients with and without dementia; (iii) to investigate the in vivo relationship between cholinergic terminal loss and atrophy of cholinergic cell clusters in the basal forebrain at different stages of Lewy body disease; and (iv) to test whether any asymmetrical degeneration in cholinergic terminals would correlate with motor dysfunction and hypometabolism.

Dopaminergic Dysfunction Is More Symmetric in Dementia with Lewy Bodies Compared to Parkinson's Disease.

Background: The α-syn Origin site and Connectome model (SOC) proposes that α-synucleinopathies can be divided into two categories: the asymmetrical brain-first, and more symmetrical body-first Lewy body disease. We have hypothesized that most patients with dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) belong to the body-first subtype, whereas patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) more often belong to the brain-first subtype.

Objective: To compare asymmetry of striatal dopaminergic dysfunction in DLB and PD patients using [18F]-FE-PE2I positron emission tomography (PET).

Thyroid [I]MIBG uptake in Parkinson's disease and diabetes mellitus.

Thyroid [I]MIBG uptake is proposed as a tool for differentiating between Parkinson's disease (PD) and diabetes mellitus (DM) on [I]MIBG scintigraphies since both patient groups show decreased cardiac uptake. One study compared thyroid [I]MIBG uptake in DM and PD patients and reported reduced [I]MIBG uptake only in the PD group. Here, we investigated thyroid [I]MIBG uptake in patients with PD and DM and found severely reduced thyroid [I]MIBG uptake in DM.

The effect of pentosan polysulfate sodium for improving dyslipidaemia and knee pain in people with knee osteoarthritis: A pilot study.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of pentosan polysulfate sodium (PPS, Elmiron®) for dyslipidaemia and knee osteoarthritis (OA) related symptoms.

Method: This was a single-arm, open-label, prospective, non-randomised pilot study. People with painful knee OA and a history of primary hypercholesterolemia were included.

Distribution of cholinergic nerve terminals in the aged human brain measured with [F]FEOBV PET and its correlation with histological data.

Introduction: [F]fluoroetoxybenzovesamicol ([F]FEOBV) is a positron emission topography (PET) tracer for the vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT), a protein located predominantly in synaptic vesicles in cholinergic nerve terminals. We aimed to use [F]FEOBV PET to study the cholinergic topography of the healthy human brain.

Materials And Methods: [F]FEOBV PET brain data volumes of healthy elderly humans were normalized to standard space and intensity-normalized to the white matter.

Biochemical and Genomic Characterization of Two New Strains of Isolated from the Traditional Corn-Based Beverage of South Africa, Mahewu, and Their Comparison with Strains Isolated from Kefir Grains.

(formerly ) is a nomadic lactic acid bacterium (LAB) that inhabits a wide variety of ecological niches, from fermented foodstuffs to host-associated microenvironments. Many of the isolated strains have been used as single-strain probiotics or as part of a symbiotic consortium within formulations. The present study contributes to the exploration of different strains of derived from non-conventional isolation sources-the South African traditional fermented drink mahewu (strains MA2 and MA3) and kefir grains (strains KF1 and ABK).

and Antihypertensive Effect of Milk Fermented with Different Strains of Common Starter Lactic Acid Bacteria.

Currently, functional dairy products pave a promising way for the prophylaxis of essential hypertension, and the search for new strains capable of producing such products is a constant challenge for scientists around the world. In this study, the antihypertensive properties of milk fermented with several strains of traditional yogurt starters (Lactobacillus delbrueckii strains Lb100 and Lb200; Lactococcus lactis strains dlA, AM1 and MA1; Streptococcus thermophilus strains 159 and 16t) and one strain of non-conventional probiotic starter (Lacticaseibacillus paracasei ABK) were assessed. The in vitro assessment using angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition assay was performed for all fermentation products, and the best performed products were tested in vivo using Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat (SHR) animal model.

Mapping Cholinergic Synaptic Loss in Parkinson's Disease: An [18F]FEOBV PET Case-Control Study.

Background: Cholinergic degeneration is strongly associated with cognitive decline in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) but may also cause motor symptoms and olfactory dysfunction. Regional differences are striking and may reflect different PD related symptoms and disease progression patterns.

Objective: To map and quantify the regional cerebral cholinergic alterations in non-demented PD patients.

[F]FEOBV positron emission tomography may not be a suitable method to measure parasympathetic denervation in patients with Parkinson's disease.

Introduction: The peripheral autonomic nervous system may be involved years before onset of motor symptoms in some patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Specific imaging techniques to quantify the cholinergic nervous system in peripheral organs are an unmet need. We tested the hypothesis that patients with PD display decreased [F]FEOBV uptake in peripheral organs - a sign of parasympathetic denervation.

Disruption of Sleep Microarchitecture Is a Sensitive and Early Marker of Parkinson's Disease.

Background: Although sleep disturbances are highly prevalent in patients with Parkinson's disease, sleep macroarchitecture metrics show only minor changes.

Objective: To assess alterations of the cyclic alternating pattern (CAP) as a critical feature of sleep microarchitecture in patients with prodromal, recent, and established Parkinson's disease.

Methods: We evaluated overnight polysomnography for classic sleep macroarchitecture and CAP metrics in 68 patients at various disease stages and compared results to 22 age- and sex-matched controls.

Comparative Analysis of and Exoproteomes Demonstrates "Shades of Gray" in the Concept of White-Rotting Fungi.

White-rot basidiomycete fungi are a unique group of organisms that evolved an unprecedented arsenal of extracellular enzymes for an efficient degradation of all components of wood such as cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin. The exoproteomes of white-rot fungi represent a natural enzymatic toolbox for white biotechnology. Currently, only exoproteomes of a narrow taxonomic group of white-rot fungi-fungi belonging to the Polyporales order-are extensively studied.

Patient blood management in oncology in the Russian Federation: Resolution to improve oncology care.

There is accumulating evidence that anemia and iron deficiency, thrombocytopenia, blood loss and coagulopathy are independent risk factors for adverse patient outcomes in oncology and other settings. Patient blood management (PBM) aims to address these factors by managing and preserving a patient's blood. PBM improves patient health, but also reduces resource utilization, including use of allogeneic blood components, which is another risk factor for adverse outcomes.

Analytical Characterization of the Widely Consumed Commercialized Fermented Beverages from Russia (Kefir and Ryazhenka) and South Africa (Amasi and Mahewu): Potential Functional Properties and Profiles of Volatile Organic Compounds.

In this study, four commercialized indigenous fermented beverages most highly consumed in Russia (kefir and ryazhenka) and South Africa (amasi and mahewu) were analyzed for their potential health-promoting properties and flavor-forming volatile organic compounds (VOC). The analysis of antioxidant capacity demonstrated superiority of dairy-based beverages (kefir, ryazhenka and amasi) over the corn-based mahewu; however, mahewu outperformed dairy-based beverages in terms of its potential antihypertensive effect (i.e.

Exoproteome Analysis of Antagonistic Interactions between the Probiotic Bacteria LR1 and F and Multidrug Resistant Strain of .

The expansion of multiple drug resistant (MDR) strains of presents an immense threat for public health. Annually, this microorganism causes thousands of lethal nosocomial infections worldwide. Currently, it has been shown that certain strains of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) can efficiently inhibit growth of and the formation of its biofilms; however, the active principle of such action remains unknown.

Asymmetric Dopaminergic Dysfunction in Brain-First versus Body-First Parkinson's Disease Subtypes.

Background: We have hypothesized that Parkinson's disease (PD) comprises two subtypes. Brain-first, where pathogenic α-synuclein initially forms unilaterally in one hemisphere leading to asymmetric nigrostriatal degeneration, and body-first with initial enteric pathology, which spreads through overlapping vagal innervation leading to more symmetric brainstem involvement and hence more symmetric nigrostriatal degeneration. Isolated REM sleep behaviour disorder has been identified as a strong marker of the body-first type.