Chronic pain in older adults with disabilities is associated with fall-related injuries: a prospective cohort study.

Purpose: Previous studies have shown an association between chronic pain and the occurrence of falls in community-dwelling older adults; however, the association between chronic pain and fall-related injuries in older adults with disabilities is unclear. This study aimed to determine the association between chronic pain and fall-related injuries in older adults with disabilities.

Methods: This 24-month prospective cohort study included older adults aged 65 years or older using Japanese long-term care insurance services.

Risk Factors for Falls and Fall-Related Fractures in Community-Living Older People with Pain: A Prospective Cohort Study.

(1) Background: This prospective study aimed to identify predictors of falls and fall-related fractures in community-dwelling older people with pain; (2) Methods: Participants comprised 389 community-dwelling older people aged 70+ years who had musculoskeletal pain in the neck, back, hip, leg/knee and/or feet. Demographic, anthropometric, balance, mobility, cognitive function, psychological status and physical activity level measures were obtained at baseline. Falls were monitored with monthly falls calendars for 12 months.

Effects of a Rehabilitation Program Combined with Pain Management That Targets Pain Perception and Activity Avoidance in Older Patients with Acute Vertebral Compression Fracture: a Randomised Controlled Trial.

This study aimed to investigate the effect of a rehabilitation program combined with pain management targeting pain perception and activity avoidance on multifaceted outcomes in older patients with acute vertebral compression fractures (VCFs). We randomised 65 older adults with acute VCFs to either an intervention group ( = 32), involving usual rehabilitation combined with pain management that targeted pain perception and activity avoidance, or a control group ( = 33), involving only usual rehabilitation. The usual rehabilitation was initiated immediately after admission.

Effect of chronic pain on the occurrence of falls in older adults with disabilities: a prospective cohort study.

Background: The relationship between chronic pain and the occurrence of falls in healthy older adults has been clarified in previous studies, but its relationship in older adults with disabilities has not.

Objective: This study aimed to determine whether chronic pain is related to the occurrence of falls in older adults with disabilities.

Methods: The participants were 101 older adults above 65 years old who used long-term care insurance services in Japan.

Preventive Effect of an Intervention Program with Increased Physical Activity on the Development of Musculoskeletal Pain in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: To examine whether compared with a program without increased physical activity, an intervention program with increased physical activity can prevent the development of musculoskeletal pain in community-dwelling older adults.

Design: Randomized controlled trial.

Setting: Japanese community.

Depression, catastrophizing, and poor performance in women with persistent acute low back pain from vertebral compression fractures: A prospective study.

Background: Research on the multi-faceted characteristics of persistent severe acute lower back pain (LBP) resulting from acute vertebral compression fractures (VCFs) is lacking.

Objective: To investigate the psychological and functional status of older patients with persistent severe acute LBP after conservative treatment of VCFs.

Methods: This prospective study included women aged 50 years and older who had acute VCFs and were admitted to the hospital.

Chronic pain in the frail elderly mediates sleep disorders and influences falls.

Aim: Previous studies have highlighted the causation between chronic pain and falls in the elderly, but the mediator variables between chronic pain and falls in the frail elderly have not been identified. The purpose of this study was to identify the mediator variable of chronic pain and falls.

Methods: This study is a prospective cohort study.

Pain and physical activity changes during the COVID-19 state of emergency among Japanese adults aged 40 years or older: A cross-sectional study.

Understanding the relationship between pain and physical activity (PA) levels is beneficial for maintaining good health status. However, the impact of pain on changes in PA during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is unknown. The purpose of this study was to examine whether PA levels pre-, during, and post-COVID-19 state of emergency differ between Japanese adults who had pain after the COVID-19 state of emergency and those who did not.

Predictors of development and persistence of musculoskeletal pain in community-dwelling older people: A two-year longitudinal study.

Aim: The aim of this prospective cohort study was to identify the predictors of the development and persistence of musculoskeletal pain (MSKP) in older people.

Methods: Participants comprised 431 community-dwelling older people aged 70+ years. Demographic, anthropometric, balance, mobility, cognitive function, psychological status and physical activity level measures were obtained at baseline.

Short-Term Effects of Isometric Quadriceps Muscle Exercise with Auditory and Visual Feedback on Pain, Physical Function, and Performance after Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Severe acute pain after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) may cause delay in muscle strength and functional recovery, and it is a risk factor for chronic postoperative pain. Although pharmacological approaches are the typical firstline to treat acute pain; recently, nonpharmacological approaches such as exercise have been increasingly applied. The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the effects of a rehabilitation program involving isometric quadriceps exercise with auditory and visual feedback to improve the short-term outcome after TKA.

Factors Affecting Persistent Postoperative Pain in Patients with Hip Fractures.

Osteoporotic fractures are common among older people, and hip fractures (HF) can be devastating. Surgery is indicated for most cases of HF, and chronic persistent postoperative pain is likely to occur. This study investigated the multifaceted factors related to persistent pain occurring during the acute phase and subacute phase of recovery after HF surgery.

Falls in Community-Dwelling Older Adults with Lower Back or Knee Pain Are Associated with Cognitive and Emotional Factors.

(1) Background: The present study aimed to examine physical, cognitive and emotional factors affecting falls in community-dwelling older adults with and without pain; (2) Methods: Data from 789 older adults who participated in a community-based health survey were analyzed. Participants completed questionnaires on the presence of pain and previous falls. Muscle weakness (handgrip strength < 26.

Impact of pain on reactive balance and falls in community-dwelling older adults: a prospective cohort study.

Background: pain is associated with increased postural sway and falls in older adults. However, the impact of pain on reactive balance induced by postural perturbations and how this might predispose older adults to falls is not known.

Objective: to investigate whether any pain, back/neck pain and lower limb pain are associated with poor reactive balance and prospective fall outcomes in older adults.

Pain Is Associated With Poor Balance in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Objectives: Pain is a risk factor for falls in older adults, but the mechanisms are not well understood, limiting our ability to implement effective preventive strategies. The aim of this study was to systematically review and synthesize the literature that has examined the impact of pain on static, dynamic, multicomponent, and reactive balance in community-dwelling older adults.

Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Chronic pain is independently associated with social frailty in community-dwelling older adults.

Aim: The present study aimed to determine whether measures of chronic pain are associated with social frailty in community-dwelling older adults.

Methods: Participants comprised 248 older adults who enrolled for community-based exercise classes. Chronic pain was defined as the presence of significant pain-related symptoms within the past month that had continued for at least 6 months.

Characteristics of muscle function and the effect of cachexia in patients with haematological malignancy.

Objective: In this study, we investigated the muscle function of patients with haematological malignancy and healthy controls and examined the effect of cachexia on muscle function.

Methods: Seventy-one patients with haematological malignancy, hospitalised for chemotherapy, and 71 healthy controls underwent examination of skeletal muscle mass (SMM; total body and upper and lower limbs), handgrip strength and isometric knee extensor strength. Patients with haematological malignancy were divided into three groups based on Glasgow Prognostic Score: non-cachexia (n = 31), pre-cachexia (n = 23) and cachexia (n = 17) groups.

Effects of Exercise Training Combined with Increased Physical Activity to Prevent Chronic Pain in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Preliminary Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: With the aim of developing a chronic pain prevention program, this randomized controlled trial examined whether exercise training combined with increased physical activity more effectively improves pain and physical activity than exercise training alone in community-dwelling older adults without chronic pain.

Methods: We randomized 76 older adults without chronic pain into an intervention group (=38) involving exercise training combined with increased physical activity and a control group (=38) involving exercise training alone. The exercise training comprised weekly 60-min sessions for 12 weeks.

Impact of frailty on chronic pain, activities of daily living and physical activity in community-dwelling older adults: A cross-sectional study.

Aim: The present cross-sectional study investigated the relationship between frailty and chronic pain, activities of daily living (ADL), and physical activity in community-dwelling older adults.

Methods: Participants were 379 older adults who attended community-based exercise classes. Outcome measures were frailty as determined by the Kihon Checklist, full pain assessment (including the sensory, emotional and cognitive aspects of pain), ADL and physical activity.

[The characteristics of frail elderly patients in acute care hospitals].

Aim: Efforts to improve the treatment of frail elderly patients in acute care hospitals are urgently needed because a low physical activity level due to hospitalization is reported to be associated with a risk of disability. The aim of this study was to clarify the characteristics of frail elderly patients in acute care hospitals.

Methods: We assessed 198 elderly patients who were admitted to acute care hospitals.

Factors associated with chronic musculoskeletal pain in Japanese community-dwelling older adults: A cross-sectional study.

Identifying older adults with chronic musculoskeletal pain (CMP) earlier is urgent because CMP is reportedly associated with deterioration in physical function, poor psychological status, and low physical activity level. The objective of this study was to identify factors that were most strongly associated with CMP in Japanese community-dwelling older adults.Using a cross-sectional design, we assessed 263 older adults (mean age = 79.

Effects of a resistance training program performed with an interocclusal splint for community-dwelling older adults: a randomized controlled trial.

[Purpose] To examine whether resistance training for elderly community-dwellers performed with an interocclusal splint resulted in greater lower extremity muscle strength and better balance than resistance training performed without an interocclusal splint. [Subjects and Methods] Eighty-eight elderly persons using Japanese community day centers were randomly divided into two groups: an intervention group (n=45), which performed resistance training with an interocclusal splint; and a control group (n=43), which performed resistance training without an interocclusal splint. The resistance training program comprised a 40-min session performed twice a week for 12 weeks.

Effectiveness of a balance-training program provided by qualified care workers for community-based older adults: A preliminary study.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of a balance-training program provided by qualified care workers (QCWs) to community-based older adults attending day centers. Weekly balance training was conducted by QCWs working at day centers over a 6-month period. Fall risk factors, fear of falling, and physical function were compared between balance-training (n = 22) and control (n = 23) groups at baseline and after 6 months of intervention.

Effects of a balance training program using a foam rubber pad in community-based older adults: a randomized controlled trial.

Background And Purpose: Exercise programs aimed at improving balance are effective in fall prevention for older adults. Guidelines indicate that unstable elements should be integrated in balance training with this population. Balance training on an unstable surface facilitates proprioception mediated by skin receptors in the soles of the feet and by mechanoreceptors in the joints and muscles.

A modified fall risk assessment tool that is specific to physical function predicts falls in community-dwelling elderly people.

Background And Purpose: Developing a practical fall risk assessment tool to predict the occurrence of falls in the primary care setting is important because investigators have reported deterioration of physical function associated with falls. Researchers have used many performance tests to predict the occurrence of falls. These performance tests predict falls and also assess physical function and determine exercise interventions.