Publications by authors named "Tatsuki Ikoma"
Introduction: Extensive small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) are currently managed using first-line chemotherapy options, including atezolizumab (Atezo) plus etoposide and carboplatin (CE) or durvalumab (Durva) plus etoposide with either cisplatin (PE) or carboplatin (CE). However, a definitive distinction in therapeutic effects between Atezo and Durva in these regimens remains unestablished.
Methods: We analyzed data from 100 patients diagnosed with ES-SCLC who received immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) as first-line chemotherapy.
Background: Cachexia is a poor prognostic factor in many advanced cancers. Cachexia diagnostic criteria of the European Palliative Care Research Collaboration (EPCRC) may underestimate cachexia in Asians; therefore, new criteria have been proposed by the Asian Working Group for Cachexia (AWGC). We compared both criteria to determine differences in diagnostic rates and their association with lung cancer prognosis.
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- The study investigated the role of thyroid transcription factor 1 (TTF-1) as a predictor for treatment response in advanced non-squamous non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients undergoing chemotherapy or chemoimmunotherapy with specific levels of PD-L1 expression.
- Out of 624 patients surveyed, 283 met the criteria, revealing that TTF-1 positivity was associated with significantly longer progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in those receiving chemotherapy, but not in the chemoimmunotherapy group.
- The findings suggest that TTF-1 expression can help predict treatment effectiveness for chemotherapy, while its impact on chemoimmunotherapy remains unclear in patients with PD-L1 levels between
Article Synopsis
- Immuno-oncology (IO) drugs are critical for cancer treatment, but older patients face safety issues, including higher hospitalization rates despite similar rates of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) compared to younger groups.* -
- A study analyzing clinical data from 181 patients over 80 years old found that 35% experienced irAEs, with 19% discontinuing therapy; elevated eosinophil counts were identified as a significant risk factor for developing these events.* -
- Overall, IO therapy is deemed safe for older patients, but those starting treatment with high eosinophil counts require careful monitoring.*
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates factors contributing to cancer cachexia, a condition that negatively affects survival in lung cancer patients.
- Out of 76 patients analyzed, 42 (55.2%) were found to have cachexia, with significant implications on their survival rates.
- Key independent factors for cachexia included poor nutritional status and low levels of physical activity, suggesting that addressing these aspects could improve patient outcomes.
Although nanoliposomal irinotecan combined with 5-fluorouracil and leucovorin (nal-IRI+5-FU/LV) has been used to treat first-line resistant unresectable pancreatic cancer, the efficacy and safety data among the elderly remain limited. We retrospectively analyzed clinical outcomes among elderly patients. Patients treated with nal-IRI+5-FU/LV were assigned to the elderly (≥75 years) and non-elderly (<75 years) groups.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRegorafenib is a standard salvage line therapy used for advanced colorectal cancer (CRC). Recently, trifluridine/tipiracil (TFTD) plus bevacizumab also showed promising efficacy as a salvage line therapy for advanced CRC. However, the efficacy and safety of regorafenib for patients with advanced CRC who have previously received TFTD plus bevacizumab is unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Paclitaxel or nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel combined with ramucirumab (PTX/nab-PTX + RAM) is widely used as second-line chemotherapy for advanced gastric cancer (AGC), but severe neutropenia often develops with this regimen. Although previous studies have reported that severe neutropenia is a favorable prognostic factor in cancer chemotherapy, it is unclear in AGC patients receiving PTX/nab-PTX + RAM. In addition, the risk factors for early-onset of severe neutropenia (EOSN) still remain unknown.
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- * A new treatment combo of encorafenib, binimetinib, and cetuximab has shown better response rates compared to standard chemotherapy for those with the V600E mutation.
- * The TRESBIEN study (OGSG 2101) will investigate the effectiveness of this treatment in 25 patients with early recurrent V600E-mutated CRC, focusing on their condition during or after adjuvant chemotherapy.
Background: A trial with trifluridine/tipiracil (FTD/TPI) versus placebo in patients with heavily pretreated metastatic gastric cancer showed that FTD/TPI is effective with manageable toxicity in these patients. However, real-world data on the effects of FTD/TPI in patients with advanced gastric cancer (AGC) are limited.
Methods: We retrospectively collected and analyzed the clinicopathological data of patients with AGC who received FTD/TPI monotherapy at our institutions (Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, Himeji Red Cross Hospital, and Kansai Medical University Hospital) between September 2019 and July 2021.
Article Synopsis
- Weight loss of less than 4.5% and a stable C-reactive protein/albumin ratio (CAR) during treatment are associated with significantly longer OS, indicating that maintaining body weight and nutrition is crucial for treatment effectiveness.
- Patients experiencing minimal weight loss and favorable CAR had a median OS of 12.9 months, highlighting the importance of early intervention to support nutrition and body weight in enhancing the results of immune therapies.
Background: In Japan, nivolumab administration is the standard treatment for patients with unresectable advanced or recurrent esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) who are refractory or intolerant to fluoropyrimidines and platinum-based chemotherapy. We determined if inflammatory prognostic factors are useful in patients with ESCC treated with nivolumab monotherapy.
Methods: The clinical data of patients with ESCC treated with nivolumab monotherapy as the second- or later-line treatment were retrospectively analyzed.
Article Synopsis
- Trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) demonstrates effectiveness in treating advanced gastric cancer (AGC), but real-world efficacy and predictive markers are not fully understood.
- A study analyzed data from 18 AGC patients who had previously failed multiple treatments, revealing a 41% overall response rate and a median overall survival of 6.1 months.
- Key factors associated with better outcomes included prior treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and having a trastuzumab-free interval of at least 8 months, while patients with ascites had poorer survival rates.
Background: Paclitaxel plus ramucirumab (PTX + RAM) is the standard second-line chemotherapy for unresectable advanced or recurrent gastric cancer (AGC). Nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel (nab-PTX) is an improved, more convenient form of PTX and is non-inferior to PTX. Although some retrospective and single-arm phase II studies regarding nab-PTX + RAM have been reported, comparative studies are lacking.
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- RAS/BRAF mutations, significant in colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment decisions, were studied in a group of 152 chemotherapy-naïve metastatic CRC patients in Japan, revealing a 54% mutation rate.
- Distinct mutation patterns were found: BRAF mutations mostly in the right colon, while KRAS non-Exon2 and NRAS mutations were more common in the left colon.
- Patients with KRAS non-Exon2 and NRAS mutations had shorter survival rates compared to those with wild-type RAS strains and KRAS Exon2 mutations, indicating significant prognostic implications.