THOUSAND-GRAIN WEIGHT 6, which is an IAA-glucose hydrolase, preferentially recognizes the structure of the indole ring.

An indole-3-acetic acid (IAA)-glucose hydrolase, THOUSAND-GRAIN WEIGHT 6 (TGW6), negatively regulates the grain weight in rice. TGW6 has been used as a target for breeding increased rice yield. Moreover, the activity of TGW6 has been thought to involve auxin homeostasis, yet the details of this putative TGW6 activity remain unclear.

Cooperation of an external carbonic anhydrase and HCO3- transporter supports underwater photosynthesis in submerged leaves of the amphibious plant Hygrophila difformis.

Background And Aims: HCO3- can be a major carbon resource for photosynthesis in underwater environments. Here we investigate the underlying mechanism of uptake and membrane transport of HCO3- in submerged leaves of Hygrophila difformis, a heterophyllous amphibious plant. To characterize these mechanisms, we evaluated the sensitivity of underwater photosynthesis to an external carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitor and an anion exchanger protein inhibitor, and we attempted to identify components of the mechanism of HCO3- utilization.

Expression, purification and crystallization of TGW6, which limits grain weight in rice.

Rice is the staple food for over half the world's population. Genes associated with rice yield include THOUSAND GRAIN WEIGHT 6 (TGW6), which negatively regulates the number of endosperm cells as well as grain weight. The 1-bp deletion allele of tgw6 cloned from the Indian landrace rice cultivar Kasalath, which has lost function, enhances both grain size and yield.

Phytic Acid in Brown Rice Can Be Reduced by Increasing Soaking Temperature.

Phytic acid (PA) is a storage form of phosphorus in seeds. Phytase enzyme is activated at germination and hydrolyses PA into -inositol and inorganic phosphate. PA inhibits the absorption of minerals in the human intestine by chelation.

Genotypic Differences in the Effect of P Fertilization on Phytic Acid Content in Rice Grain.

Phytic acid (PA) prevents the absorption of minerals in the human intestine, and it is regarded as an antinutrient. Low PA rice is beneficial because of its higher Zn bioavailability and it is suggested that the gene expression level of -inositol 3-phosphate synthase 1 () in developing grain is a key factor to explain the genotypic difference in PA accumulation among natural variants of rice. P fertilization is also considered to affect the PA content, but it is not clear how it affects gene expression and the PA content in different genotypes.