Evaluation of Entrance Skin Dose during Catheter Ablation Procedures by Use of Reference Air-Kerma Displayed on Angiography Systems.

Background: Our aim in this study was to estimate entrance skin doses (ESDs) to patients who underwent catheter ablation procedures, by using a reference air-kerma (RAK) displayed on the monitor of an angiography system (displayed RAK).

Methods: The displayed RAK was calibrated with use of an air-kerma value measured on a 20-cm-thick acrylic plate at the interventional reference point for the inclusion of backscattered x-rays (calibrated RAK). The ESD evaluated from the calibrated RAK (evaluated ESD) was verified through direct ESD measurements on an anthropomorphic phantom.

[Measurement of area of surplus X-ray radiation by dose-area product meter at image intensifier in angiography X-ray units].

The aim of this study was to assess the area of surplus X-ray radiation (surplus area) of three image intensifiers (I.I.) of two angiography X-ray units.

[Dose evaluation of a flat-panel detector system].

We compared the INNOVA2000 (INNOVA), which has a flat panel detector system, and the Advantx LCLP (LCLP), which has a conventional I. I. system, in terms of the dependence of phantom thickness on patient surface dose (surface dose) and receptor entrance dose (entrance dose).