Complications and Healthcare Costs Associated With the First Year Following Colostomy and Ileostomy Formation: A Retrospective Study.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate clinical and economic outcomes during the first year following ostomy formation.

Design: Single-center retrospective audit.

Subjects And Setting: The sample comprised 200 patients who underwent surgery leading to ileostomy or colostomy at a large English National Health Service (NHS) Trust.

Charting mandatory childhood vaccination policies worldwide.

Mandatory childhood vaccination is becoming an increasingly important policy intervention for governments trying to address low vaccination rates. Mandates require vaccination for a certain purpose, most commonly related to school entry for children. However, the discussion surrounding the extent and impact of mandatory vaccination programmes for babies and children have largely been limited to high-income countries.

Vaccination as a Control Tool in Bovine Tuberculosis: Social Media Monitoring to Assess Public Response to Government Policy Development and Implementation.

Vaccine hesitancy does not only concern human vaccines but incorporates One Health policies also; including vaccination of cattle and badgers as part of the government's bovine tuberculosis eradication strategy for England. Both digital and social media can propagate healthcare misinformation and thus affect vaccine policy support. The use of social media monitoring to understand real-time public perceptions of One Health policies is crucial to identify misinformation and address public concerns appropriately to achieve successful policy implementation.

Travel restrictions as a disease control measure: Lessons from yellow fever.

Travel restrictions have become a common disease control measure during the 2019 Coronavirus disease pandemic (COVID-19). Measures have ranged from quarantines when entering a country to outright travel bans. Yet more widespread travel restrictions in the form of country vaccine entry requirements have been in place for a long time for another disease - yellow fever.

Health diplomacy across borders: the case of yellow fever and COVID-19.

We provide an overview of disease control across borders through the example of yellow fever, exploring different public health interventions and arrangements for international cooperation. From quarantine to country vaccine entry requirements our paper discusses the implications for health diplomacy in the context of COVID-19.