Breast Cancer: Mitochondria-Centered Metabolic Alterations in Tumor and Associated Adipose Tissue.

The close cooperation between breast cancer and cancer-associated adipose tissue (CAAT) shapes the malignant phenotype, but the role of mitochondrial metabolic reprogramming and obesity in breast cancer remains undecided, especially in premenopausal women. Here, we examined mitochondrial metabolic dynamics in paired biopsies of malignant versus benign breast tumor tissue and CAAT in normal-weight and overweight/obese premenopausal women. Lower protein level of pyruvate dehydrogenase and citrate synthase in malignant tumor tissue indicated decreased carbon flux from glucose into the Krebs cycle, whereas the trend was just the opposite in malignant CAAT.

HISTOPATHOLOGIC PARAMETERS OF POSITIVE LYMPH NODE PREDICTABILITY IN ENDOMETRIAL CANCER.

Endometrial cancer is the most common malignancy of the female reproductive tract. Lymph node metastases are an important prognostic factor in endometrial cancer. Several prognostic factors have been shown to correlate with lymph node metastasis, including depth of myometrial invasion, cervical infiltration, histologic grade of the tumor, tumor diameter, histology type, lymphovascular invasion, and positive peritoneal cytology.

Occupational radiation dose of personnel involved in sentinel node biopsy procedure.

Introduction: Sentinel node biopsy is a procedure used for axillary nodal staging in breast cancer surgery. The process uses radioactive Tc isotope for mapping the sentinel node(s) and all the staff involved in the procedure is potentially exposed to ionizing radiation. The colloid for radiolabelling (antimone-sulphide) with Tc isotope (half-life 6 h) is injected into the patient breast.

Differentiation of Breast Lesions and Distinguishing Their Histological Subtypes Using Diffusion-Weighted Imaging and ADC Values.

Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) has not been well explored in differentiation of malignant from benign breast lesions. The aims of this study were to examine the role of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values in differentiation of malignant from benign tumors and distinguishing histological subtypes of malignant lesions, and to determine correlations between ADC values and breast tumors structure. This cohort-study included 174 female patients who underwent contrast-enhanced breast MR examination on a 3T scanner and were divided into two groups: patient group (114 patients with proven tumors) and control group (60 healthy patients).

Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy with Primary Implant Reconstruction: Surgical and Oncological Outcome of 435 Breast Cancer Patients.

Background: This study aimed to examine the incidence of surgical complications associated with nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM) with primary implant reconstruction, analyze risk factors for early and late surgical complications of NSM, and determine the incidence of local recurrences and the safety of sparing the nipple-areola complex (NAC).

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 435 patients with 441 NSM procedures over a period of 9 years (2004-2012). All surgical complications and the oncological outcome were recorded during follow-up.

Thoracic Epidural Versus Intravenous Patient-Controlled Analgesia after Open Colorectal Cancer Surgery.

The aim of the study was to compare thoracic epidural analgesia (TEA) and intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (IV-PCA) after open colorectal cancer surgery. This prospective study included sixty patients scheduled for elective open colorectal surgery and randomized to either postoperative IV-PCA with morphine (n=30) or TEA with a mixture of levobupivacaine, fentanyl and adrenaline (n=30). Th e primary outcome was return of bowel function.

Cyclooxygenase-2 expression in cervical cancer.

Background/aim: Cyclooxygenase (COX) or prostaglandin H2 synthase is the first enzyme that catalyzes the first two steps in the biosynthesis of prostaglandins from arachidonic acid. The aim of the study was to determine the expression level of COX-2 in patients with cervical cancer and compare it with that in the control group with no cervical pathology.

Methods: The study included 76 patients divided into two groups: the control group--30 patients without histopathological changes and the group A--46 patients with cervical cancer, FIGO stage IB-IIA.

Buschke-Löwenstein tumor: squamous cell carcinoma of the anogenital region.

Introduction: Buschke-Löwenstein tumor (BLT), as a rare form of condylomata acuminatum, was firstly described by Buschke in 1886 as a "carcinoma-like condyloma acuminatum of the penis". BLT is generally considered to be a low-grade variant of squamous cell carcinoma of the anogenital region.

Case Outline: We describe a case of BLT in a 56-year-old male patient who was referred to our institute due to a large defect in the gluteal region.

Comparsion the histopathological findings after cervical biopsy and excisional procedures.

Introduction: A definitive diagnosis of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) is confirmed after histopathological (HP) examination of the tissue obtained through the biopsy. The aim of this study was to compare histopathological results obtained with punch biopsy and results obtained through one of the excisional techniques.

Material And Methods: We analysed histology results of 130 patients referred to our institution with abnormal smear.

[Expression of cytokeratins 5/6 and cytokeratin 17 in invasive breast carcinoma].

Background/aim: Cytokeratins (CK) 5/6 and 17, myoepithelial markers, are also expressed in a proportion of breast carcinomas. Breast carcinomas expressing basal epithelium cytokeratins constitute a tumor subgroup that shows common but heterogeneous morphological, genetical, and immunophenotypical features and is associated with poor clinical outcome. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of basal expression of cytokines CK5/6 and CK17 in the tested samples of ductal invasive breast cancers, as well as to test the presence of a correlation of tumor expression of basal cytokines and clinicopathological prognostic factors: age, the level of histological differentiation, hormone receptor status, HER2 (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) protein expresion and HER2 gene amplification in tumorous tissue.

Application of alternative medicine in gastrointestinal cancer patients.

Background/aim: [corrected] Alternative medicine is a set of therapeutic procedures which are no part of official practice. At present, the use of alternative medicine among cancer patients is significant and the purpose of this study was to get more information on the methods and products of alternative medicine. Thus, the aim of the study was to determine the frequency of the use of alternative medicine among gastrointestinal cancer patients.

Uncommon metastatic site from breast cancer.

Introduction: Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancies in women and the main leading cause of cancer death. The most frequent sites of metastases from breast cancer are bones, lungs, the central nervous system, the liver and soft tissue. Colonic metastases from breast cancer are rare.

[Diagnostic relevance of fine needle aspiration cytology in nodular thyroid lesions].

Background/aim: Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of the thyroid gland has been used as an initial investigative procedure of thyroid nodule(s) in the Department of Pathology at the Institute of Oncology of Vojvodina for more than 20 years. This procedure is rapid, inexpensive and technologically simple, yet it has found only limited, albeit increasing acceptance in medical practice in Serbia. The aim of the study was to evaluate our FNAC findings by correlating cytological results with histological diagnosis and to define the sensitivity, diagnostic accuracy and positive predictive value of FNAC.

Bilateral bloody nipple discharge in a male infant: sonographic findings and proposed diagnostic approach.

Bloody nipple discharge is an uncommon finding in the pediatric population, without clear diagnostic and therapeutic guidelines established. We noted a case of a 3-month-old male infant who presented with bilateral blood-stained nipple discharge, with unremarkable medical history. Sonographic findings revealed bilaterally dilated ducts and cysts with mixed iso- and hypoechoic intraductal content.

[Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 testing in breast cancer].

Introduction: Testing for human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 in breast cancer at the time of primary diagnosis is now the standard of care. Positivity for epidermal growth factor receptor-2 in breast cancer is a prognostic factor regarding tumor aggressiveness and a predictive factor for response to Herceptin. Accurate assessment is essential to ensure that all patients who may benefit from Herceptin are correctly identified.

Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans of the breast: mammographic, ultrasound, MRI and MRS features.

Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) of the breast is a rare malignant tumor, and its preoperative diagnosis is extremely difficult. Local recurrence of DFSP is frequent after incomplete resection because of either false diagnosis or inadequate standard surgical excision. We present a case of DFSP that showed disconcordant results using different imaging modalities, suggesting that the MRI finding of subcutaneously located highly vascular tumor with suspicious kinetics but together with negative Cho peak on (1H) MRS, might be suggestive of the diagnosis of DFSP.

[Neglected case of uterine leiomyoma--case report].

Introduction: Uterine leimyomas are the most common gynaecologacal tumors and represent 30% of all benign gynecological tumors. The vast majority of leiomyomas are asymptomatic and do not need to be treated. Pelvic pain and abnormal uterine bleeding should be considered as the most important reasons for surgical treatment of uterine fibroids.

[Etiology and pathogenesis of precancerous lesions and invasive cervical carcinoma].

Cervical cancer is the second most common gynecological malignancy in the world. Human papilloma virus (HPV) infection is the leading ethiologic agent in the development of premalignant and malignant cervical diseases. HPV is a member of the Papovaviridae family and until now over 100 types have been recognized There are two types of viral infection: latent and productive.

Correlation of HER-2/neu protein overexpression with other prognostic and predictive factors in invasive ductal breast cancer.

Background: The objective of our study was to investigate the association between Her-2/neu status and other clinicopathological characteristics of ductal breast carcinoma.

Patients And Methods: A total of 120 cases of breast carcinoma were included in this study. The immunohistochemical staining for HER-2/neu, hormone receptors, p53 and Ki-67 were evaluated.

[Angiogenesis in squamous precancerous cervical lesions].

Background/aim: Vascularisation is one of basic tumor's characteristics. Neoangiogenesis starts at the stage of the dysplastic epithelial changes, thus before the progression into invasive lesion. This study was designed to determine the relation between stromal angiogenesis and the grade of cervical intraepithelial changes (CIN).

[Significance of punch biopsy and endocervical curretage in diagnostics of cervical intraepithelial lesions].

Background/aim: Diagnostic procedures during the detection of cervical intraepithelial lesions (CIN) are a combination of cytology, colposcopy, punch biopsy and endocervical curretage. An optimal therapeutic approach according to the distribution, size and grade of cervical lesions is the result of this diagnostic protocol. This study was carried out to assess reliability of the punch biopsy and endocervical curretage in diagnostics of cervical intra-epithelial lesions.

[Psychophysiologic disturbances in early postmenopause in women after physiological and surgical menopause].

Background/aim: The most common secondary manifestations of menopause are clinical manifestations of estrogen deficiency. They could be early and late. The aim of this study was to compare manifestations of somatic disturbances in early postmenopause in women after physiological and surgical menopause.

[The influence of aging on pathologic and immunobiologic parameters of invasive ductal breast carcinoma].

Background/aim: Most human cancers, including breast one, increase in frequency with aging. The aim of this study was to explore the hypothesis that aging also alters breast cancer biology.

Methods: The study included 120 women with primary invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast.

[Immunohistochemical analysis of angiogenesis in invasive ductal breast carcinoma with correlations to clinicopathological factor].

Background/aim: Angiogenesis is the formation of new vessels from preexisting ones. The aim of our study was to determine the relevance of tumor-induced angiogenesis, its correlation with some of the commonly used clinical, pathological factors and the recent biological indicators, and metastatic potential of the tumor in a series of 120 patients with invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast.

Methods: The identification of microvessels was performed immunohistochemically with factor VIII-related antigen.