Pediatric Wrist.

Pediatric wrist injuries pose unique diagnostic challenges due to distinct bone characteristics in children and their diverse injury patterns. The dynamic development of the wrist, marked by changes in bone age and emerging ossification centers, is crucial to evaluate growth and identify potential pathologies. The skeletal composition, rich in cartilage, renders bones relatively weaker yet more elastic, impacting their susceptibility to fracture.

Musculoskeletal involvement in neglected tropical diseases: a comprehensive review.

Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) encompass a group of diseases predominantly found in tropical regions, with origins dating back to their inclusion in the United Nations Millennium Development Goals in 2000. This initiative aimed to raise awareness and global funding to combat these diseases, which thrive in areas with limited sanitation, healthcare, and education. NTDs are caused by various pathogens such as bacteria, fungi, parasites, and viruses and affect over two billion individuals in resource-poor communities, leading to preventable deaths and devastating consequences.

Upper extremity infection: imaging features with focus on magnetic resonance imaging.

Upper extremity infections are frequently seen, especially in individuals with weakened immune system, posttraumatic events, and after surgery procedures. If not properly treated, such conditions can lead to serious consequences, such as movement impairment, amputation, and even mortality. These infections have the potential to spread extensively from their initial site of entry, traversing interconnected spaces either intra or extra-compartmental.

MRI findings of closed hand injuries in adolescent goalkeepers: a case-based review.

Soccer-related injuries in youth goalkeepers are underrepresented in epidemiological studies, despite goalkeepers experiencing distinct types of upper limb injuries and training loads compared to outfield players. Digit injuries are particularly prevalent, with up to five times more upper extremity injuries reported in this position. Such injuries can lead to interphalangeal joint instability and an increased risk of reinjury.

Representation of women in musculoskeletal radiology conferences in Europe and North and South Americas: an estimation and comparative analysis.

Objective: To assess gender distribution and disparities in the musculoskeletal field at radiology conferences and to identify factors associated with the imbalance of women speakers.

Materials And Methods: This cross-sectional study evaluated publicly available data online from musculoskeletal radiology conference programs from radiological societies across Europe, North America (NA), and South America (SA) from 2016 to 2020. The gender of invited speakers, moderators, and planning committee members and the occurrence of single-gender panels for musculoskeletal and plenary sessions were assessed.

Outcomes of imaging-guided corticosteroid injections in hip and knee osteoarthritis patients: a systematic review.

Purpose: The purpose of this systematic review is to evaluate the current literature on the use of image-guided corticosteroid injections in the treatment of patients with knee and hip OA.

Evidence Acquisition: We conducted a comprehensive literature search through June 30, 2022. Publication type, study design, imaging guidance modality, osteoarthritis severity, number of injections, steroid type and dose, anesthetic type and dose, the total number of patients, follow-up intervals, and measured outcomes were extracted from the included studies.

Bilateral upper extremity myositis after COVID-19 vaccination.

Vaccination adverse reactions are common and usually are represented by transitory pain and edema. We present a case of bilateral muscle edema involving shoulders and arms due to myositis following COVID-19 vaccination, and focus on the imaging findings to differentiate with other diagnosis such as infection and tumors.

Imaging findings of lower limb involvement following COVID-19.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is known mainly by the severe acute respiratory syndrome, with myalgia as a common clinical symptom. Recent reports described musculoskeletal complications related to COVID-19 such as myositis, neuropathy and arthropathy. Radiologists and ordering physicians should be aware of lower limb complications following severe COVID-19 for optimal patient care.

Postoperative Imaging of the Rotator Cuff: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

It is unclear which, MRI or ultrasound (US), is the most useful imaging tool to diagnose rotator cuff retears. The objective of this study was to evaluate MRI and US in terms of diagnosing retear of a repaired rotator cuff tendon using a systematic review and meta-analysis. A comprehensive literature search was performed on the main concepts of MRI (including noncontrast MRI and MR arthrography), US, and rotator cuff repairs.

Automatic MRI segmentation of pectoralis major muscle using deep learning.

To develop and validate a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) method capable of selecting the greatest Pectoralis Major Cross-Sectional Area (PMM-CSA) and automatically segmenting PMM on an axial Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). We hypothesized a CNN technique can accurately perform both tasks compared with manual reference standards. Our method is based on two steps: (A) segmentation model, (B) PMM-CSA selection.

Bilateral pectoralis major MRI in weightlifters: findings of the non-injured side versus age-matched asymptomatic athletes.

Objective: To evaluate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of the contralateral side in weightlifting athletes with pectoralis major (PM) tears. We hypothesized that MRI of the non-injured side may present increased pectoralis major tendon (PMT) length and thickness and greater pectoralis major muscle (PMM) volume and cross-sectional area when compared with the control group.

Methods: We retrospectively identified MRI cases with unilateral PM injury and reviewed imaging findings of the contralateral side.

Subacromial-subdeltoid bursitis following COVID-19 vaccination: a case of shoulder injury related to vaccine administration (SIRVA).

Vaccination injection site adverse reactions are usually mild and transient, and post-vaccination musculoskeletal symptoms, such as myalgia and arthralgia, are very common. Shoulder injury related to vaccine administration (SIRVA), defined as shoulder pain and limited range of motion occurring after the administration of a vaccine intended for intramuscular administration in the upper arm, is a well-established condition in the medical literature, yet underreported. In such cases, subacromial-subdeltoid bursitis may occur, leading to shoulder dysfunction and ongoing pain.

Three-dimensional MRI Bone Models of the Glenohumeral Joint Using Deep Learning: Evaluation of Normal Anatomy and Glenoid Bone Loss.

Purpose: To use convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for fully automated MRI segmentation of the glenohumeral joint and evaluate the accuracy of three-dimensional (3D) MRI models created with this method.

Materials And Methods: Shoulder MR images of 100 patients (average age, 44 years; range, 14-80 years; 60 men) were retrospectively collected from September 2013 to August 2018. CNNs were used to develop a fully automated segmentation model for proton density-weighted images.

Comparison between radiography and magnetic resonance imaging for the detection of sacroiliitis in the initial diagnosis of axial spondyloarthritis: a cost-effectiveness study.

Objective: The purpose of our study was to determine the cost-effectiveness of radiography and MRI-based imaging strategies for the initial diagnosis of sacroiliitis in a hypothetical population with suspected axial spondyloarthritis.

Materials And Methods: A decision analytic model from the health care system perspective for patients with inflammatory back pain suggestive of axial spondyloarthritis was used to evaluate the incremental cost-effectiveness of 3 imaging strategies for the sacroiliac joints over a 3-year horizon: radiography, MRI, and radiography followed by MRI. Comprehensive literature search and expert opinion provided input data on cost, probability, and utility estimates.

Anterior Instability: What to Look for.

Most first-time anterior glenohumeral dislocations occur as the result of trauma. Many patients suffer recurrent episodes of anterior shoulder instability (ASI). The anatomy and biomechanics of ASI is addressed, as is the pathophysiology of capsulolabral injury.

Artificial Intelligence in Musculoskeletal Imaging: Current Status and Future Directions.

The objective of this article is to show how artificial intelligence (AI) has impacted different components of the imaging value chain thus far as well as to describe its potential future uses. The use of AI has the potential to greatly enhance every component of the imaging value chain. From assessing the appropriateness of imaging orders to helping predict patients at risk for fracture, AI can increase the value that musculoskeletal imagers provide to their patients and to referring clinicians by improving image quality, patient centricity, imaging efficiency, and diagnostic accuracy.

Intra and extramedullary fat globules as an MRI marker for osteomyelitis.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of acute osteomyelitis vary from non-specific bone marrow edema to more reliable signs such as bone destruction, periosteal reaction, and sequestrum. In some cases, imaging features could overlap with other conditions such as trauma and bone tumors. Intra and extramedullary fat globules are a helpful MRI marker for osteomyelitis, as shown in the following case report.

Relevant aspects of imaging in the diagnosis and management of gout.

Gout is an inflammatory arthritis characterized by the deposition of monosodium urate crystals in the synovial membrane, articular cartilage and periarticular tissues leading to inflammation. Men are more commonly affected, mainly after the 5th decade of life. Its incidence has been growing with the population aging.

Nodular fasciitis in finger simulating soft tissue malignancy.

Nodular fasciitis (NF) is a rare fibroblastic proliferative lesion, characterized clinically as a solitary mass of hardened and slightly painful on palpation, fast growing and no gender preference. The objective of this study is to report the case of a patient with NF in third finger of left hand, describe the findings of plain radiography, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging and correlate with the literature. Since the diagnosis of NF is a challenge, being necessary to conciliate the clinical, radiological and pathological.