-ROS-POD- System under Different Xylogenesis Scenarios in Karelian Birch Roth var. carelica (Mercl.) Hämet-Ahti).

Background: We studied which regulated superoxide radical / hydrogen peroxide ratio together with peroxidase (POD) activity and genes expression under different ways of apical meristem development during the xylem structural elements' formation in unique woody plants var. pendula with straight-grained wood and var. carelica with figured wood.

Biochemical Aspects of the Spiral Grain Formation in Scots Pine ( L.) Wood. Some Differences and Similarities with Biochemical Indicators of Abnormal Xylogenesis in Karelian Birch ( Roth Var. (Mercl.) Hämet-Ahti).

Background: AOS enzymes can be biochemical indicators of abnormal xylogenesis in Scots pine, and this mechanism has similar features with the metabolic base of abnormal xylogenesis in Karelian birch.

Objective: AOS enzymes' activity in 150-300-year-old L. wood with straight-- grained wood and right-twisted spiral-grained wood, expressed in varying degrees (5-20 angle), grew in three sample plots in lingonberry and blueberry pine forest stands of different ages (100-300 years) in the middle taiga subzone in the Republic of Karelia.

An Indicating Role of Antioxidant System Enzymes at the Stage of Active Structural Anomalies Formation in Karelian Birch ( Roth var. (Mercl.) Hämet-Ahti).

Introduction: A complex study of the antioxidant system enzymes (AOS) is an important subject of biochemical research; changes in the activity of these enzymes can be used as a biochemical marker of various processes in plants. At the same time, practically little attention has been paid to describing the regularities of these enzymatic reactions in different wood formation processes, such as xylogenesis. This article discusses the outcomes of different behaviors of AOS enzymes, which are involved in both the redistribution of the ROS balance and phenolic compounds at the early stages of wood formation in young plants of silver birch ( Roth) with straight-grained wood and Karelian birch (Betula pendula Roth var.