The standardized surgical approach improves outcome of gallbladder cancer.

Background: The objective of this study was to examine the extent of surgical procedures, pathological findings, complications and outcome of patients treated in the last 12 years for gallbladder cancer.

Methods: The impact of a standardized more aggressive approach compared with historical controls of our center with an individual approach was examined. Of 53 patients, 21 underwent resection for cure and 32 for palliation.

Liver tissue concentrations of levofloxacin after single intravenous administration of 500 mg for antibiotic prophylaxis in liver surgery.

High concentrations of levofloxacin in soft tissues and body fluids, including gallbladder and bile, have been repeatedly reported, but no study on its penetration into human liver tissue after single-shot application has yet been published. Levofloxacin 500 mg was administered intravenously to 28 patients scheduled for liver resection. Blood samples were taken after the end of infusion and at the time of liver resection; concomitantly, a tissue specimen was also obtained.