The Influence of Blood Titanium Levels on DNA Damage in Brazilian Workers Occupationally Exposed to Different Chemical Agents.

Occupational exposure to pollutants may cause health-damaging effects in humans. Genotoxicity assays can be used to detect the toxic effects of pollutants. In the present study, we evaluated genetic damage in three populations occupationally exposed to benzene, pyrenes, and agrochemicals and assessed the possible influence of titanium (Ti) co-exposure.

From screens to seas: Tech contaminants in tiger sharks.

The potential negative impacts of Technology-Critical Elements (TCEs) on the environment and wildlife, despite increasingly recognized, remain largely overlooked. In this sense, this study aimed to investigate the concentrations of several TCEs, including rubidium (Rb), titanium (Ti) and various Rare Earth Elements (REEs), in different tissues of tiger sharks. Sharks incidentally caught by artisanal fleets in southern Brazil were opportunistically sampled and liver, gills, kidneys, heart, muscle, eyes, brain, skin, and teeth were analyzed by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS).

Rare Earth Element Accumulation in Fiddler Crabs (Minuca rapax) from the Rio Doce Tropical Estuary Strongly Affected by Mine Tailings Following the Fundão Disaster.

A mining tailing dam rupture in Brazil in November 2015 released millions of tons of mining waste into the Rio Doce ecosystem, leading to long-term aquatic ecosystem impacts. Although multiple lines of evidence indicate tailings associations with potentially toxic elements in estuarine sediments and biological impact and bioaccumulation pathways in fishes, the extent of contamination in base benthic species is still largely unknown. Moreover, Rare Earth Elements (REE) have not received any attention in this regard.

Ecotoxicological assessments of atmospheric biomonitors exposed to urban pollution in a Brazilian metropolis.

Subcellular metal distribution assessments are the most adequate biomonitoring approach to evaluate metal toxicity, instead of total metal assessments This study aimed to assess subcellular metal distributions and associations to the main metal exposure biomarker, metallothionein (MT), in two bromeliad species (Tillandsia usneoides and Tillandsia stricta) exposed established in industrial, urban, and port areas in the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro, southeastern Brazil, through an active biomonitoring approach conducted one year. Metals and metalloids in three subcellular fractions (insoluble, thermolabile and thermostable) obtained from the MT purification process were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Lower MT concentrations were observed both during the dry sampling periods, associated to the crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) and during the COVID-19 pandemic, due to reduced urban mobility, decreasing pollutant emissions.

Disruption of a three-component solution as a novel strategy for Cu and Ni extraction from vegetable oils for their determination by GF AAS.

In this work, we propose a novel approach for extracting Cu and Ni from vegetable oils (which can be expanded to other metals). The method is based on the transference of the analytes to an aqueous acid phase due to the disruption of a three-component solution. The extraction was carried out in two steps.

Ecotoxicology applied to conservation: Potential negative metal and metalloid contamination effects on the homeostatic balance of the critically endangered Brazilian guitarfish, Pseudobatos horkelii (Elasmobranchii: Rhinobatidae).

Metal contamination poses a significant threat to elasmobranchs, underscoring the need for targeted conservation approaches. The critically endangered Brazilian guitarfish, Pseudobatos horkelii, confronts an array of challenges, notably overexploitation, putting its survival at risk. Our study investigated the potential toxicity arising from arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), and lead (Pb) contamination across various adult guitarfish tissues from southeastern Brazil.

Environmental impact assessment of end-of-life fluorescent lamps in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, under different recycling rate scenarios.

Fluorescent lamps are hazardous materials, as they contain toxic elements, which may lead to environmental contamination. Therefore, assessing potential environmental impacts arising from inadequate lamp disposal is paramount. Studies addressing the Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) of end-of-life fluorescent lamps are, however, still scarce, and inappropriate lamp disposal remains a matter of concern, especially in developing and underdeveloped countries.

Coastal upwelling influences population structure of dusky grouper Epinephelus marginatus: An integrative approach based on otolith chemistry and muscle stable isotopes.

The dusky grouper (Epinephelus marginatus) is an overfished and threatened fish species with coastal distribution. In the Southwestern Atlantic, it occurs across a broad region influenced by two major oceanographic features: the Cabo Frio (23°S) and the Cabo Santa Marta (28°S) upwelling systems. Along the Brazilian coast, the species may present continuous or discrete populations, depending on the methodological approach used.

First metal and metalloid study assessment for the Black Triggerfish Melichthys niger (Bloch, 1786): Baseline data from a pristine South Atlantic oceanic island.

Metal and metalloid concentrations in Black Triggerfish, Melichthys niger (Tetraodontiformes, Balistidae), and sediments from Trindade Island, an isolated, pristine, and understudied environment in the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean were determined. Several elements were detected in sediment, including Rare Earth Elements (REE). Hg and the REE Nd were, however, not detected.

A comprehensive assessment of leachate contamination at a non-operational open dumpsite: mycoflora screening, metal soil pollution indices, and ecotoxicological risks.

The final disposal of municipal solid waste (MSW) in dumpsites is still a reality worldwide, especially in low- and middle-income countries, leading to leachate-contaminated zones. Therefore, the aim of this study was to carry out soil and leachate physicochemical, microbiological, and toxicological characterizations from a non-operational dumpsite. The L-01 pond samples presented the highest physicochemical parameters, especially chloride (Cl; 4101 ± 44.

Toxic metal and metalloid contamination in seafood from an eutrophic Brazilian estuary and associated public health risks.

Guanabara Bay (GB) is a highly contaminated estuarine system and an important fishing area in Southeastern Brazil. In this regard, knowledge concerning the association of certain contaminants in seafood to abiotic factors and human health risk assessments is still understudied. Therefore, this study aimed to quantify nine toxic elements in highly consumed crabs, shrimp, and squid, and associate the results with abiotic factors.

Toxic Metals and Metalloids in Infant Formulas Marketed in Brazil, and Child Health Risks According to the Target Hazard Quotients and Target Cancer Risk.

Children are highly vulnerable to chemical exposure. Thus, metal and metalloid in infant formulas are a concern, although studies in this regard are still relatively scarce. Thus, the presence of aluminum, arsenic, cadmium, tin, mercury, lead, and uranium was investigated in infant formulas marketed in Brazil by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and the Target Hazard Quotients (THQ) and Target Cancer Risk (TCR) were calculated in to assess the potential risk of toxicity for children who consume these products continuously.

Baseline titanium levels of three highly consumed invertebrates from an eutrophic estuary in southeastern Brazil.

Titanium (Ti) is considered a contaminant of emerging interest, as it displays toxic potential and has been increasingly employed in everyday products, pharmaceuticals, and food additives, mainly in nanoparticle form. However, several knowledge gaps are still noted, especially concerning its dynamics in the water. In this context, this study aimed to quantify total Ti concentrations in highly consumed swimming crabs, squid, and shrimp from an important estuary located in southeastern Brazil.

Macrominerals and Trace Minerals in Commercial Infant Formulas Marketed in Brazil: Compliance With Established Minimum and Maximum Requirements, Label Statements, and Estimated Daily Intake.

Infant formulas are the main nutritional source for infants when breastfeeding is not possible or recommended. The daily need for specific nutrients, such as essential minerals, in early stages of a child's life is high because of rapid infant growth and development, which impose metabolic flux increases on these pathways to support growth, physical activity, and defense against infections. In this context, this research aimed to determine macromineral and trace mineral contents in starting (phase 1) and follow-up (phase 2) infant formulas marketed in Brazil ( = 30) by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry, calculate estimated daily intakes, and compare them to reference values regarding adequate intake and tolerable upper intake levels.

First report on metal and metalloid contamination of Ampullae of Lorenzini in sharks: A case study employing the Brazilian sharpnose shark Rhizoprionodon lalandii from Southeastern Brazil as an ecotoxicological model.

Metal contamination has never been assessed in Ampullae of Lorenzini. This study employed Rhizoprionodon lalandii, as an ecotoxicological model to investigate potential metal accumulation in Ampullae of Lorenzini jelly. No differences between sexes were observed regarding jelly metal concentrations at Rio das Ostras (RJ) or Santos (SP).

Subcellular metal partitioning as a novel tool in ecotoxicological elasmobranch assessments: The case of lesser numbfish (Narcine brasiliensis) affected by the Mariana dam disaster in Southeastern Brazil.

This study comprises a novel report on subcellular metal partitioning and metallothionein (MT) metal detoxification efforts in lesser numbfish (Narcine brasiliensis) electric ray specimens, as well as the first assessment on MT contents in any ray electric organ. Individuals sampled from an area in Southeastern Brazil affected by the Mariana dam rupture disaster were assessed concerning subcellular metal partitioning and MT metal-detoxification in the liver, gonads, electric organ and muscle of both adults and embryos. Yolk was also assessed when available.

Children Environmentally Exposed to Agrochemicals in Rural Areas Present Changes in Oxidative Status and DNA Damage.

Rural children are exposed to several chemicals. This study evaluated the environmental co-exposure of rural children to cholinesterase inhibitor insecticides and metals/metalloids, and the resulting oxidative stress and DNA damage. Seventy-two children (5 to 16 years old) were studied at two different moments: period 1, when agrochemicals were less used, and period 2, when agrochemicals were extensively used in agriculture.

Metal exposure and oxidative stress biomarkers in a Brazilian agricultural community.

We examined the association between exposure to metals, metalloids, and oxidative stress biomarkers among rural community residents in Brazil. Multiple linear regression was used to evaluate associations between serum metal and metalloid concentrations and blood oxidative stress biomarkers, adjusting for sex, age, education, smoking, and alcohol use. After adjustment for covariates, glutathione peroxidase activity (GPx) was inversely and significantly associated with an increase in serum arsenic (As) levels.

Arsenic contamination in widely consumed Caribbean sharpnose sharks in southeastern Brazil: Baseline data and concerns regarding fisheries resources.

Although shark meat is consumed worldwide, elevated arsenic (As) concentrations have been increasingly reported. The Caribbean sharpnose shark (Rhizoprionodon porosus) is a widely consumed fishing resource in Brazil, with scarce information on As burdens to date. Herein, commercial-sized juvenile Caribbean sharpnose sharks from Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) were assessed in this regard, presenting significantly higher hepatic As concentrations in males (8.

Nurse sharks, space rockets and cargo ships: Metals and oxidative stress in a benthic, resident and large-sized mesopredator, Ginglymostoma cirratum.

It is widely recognized that apex predators, such as large sharks with highly migratory behavior, are particularly vulnerable to pollution, mainly due to biomagnification processes. However, in highly impacted areas, mesopredator sharks with resident behavior can be as vulnerable as apex sharks. In this context, this study evaluated cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), lead (Pb), and rubidium (Rb) concentrations, as well as the potentially protective effects of selenium (Se) and the behavior of two non-enzymatic biomarkers, metallothionein (MT) and reduced glutathione (GSH), employing the Atlantic nurse shark Ginglymostoma cirratum as a study model and compared the results with other resident benthic sharks, as well as highly mobile apex sharks.

Metal concentrations and metallothionein metal detoxification in blue sharks, Prionace glauca L. from the Western North Atlantic Ocean.

Background: Elasmobranchs are particularly vulnerable to environmental metal contamination, accumulating these contaminants at high rates and excreting them slowly. The blue shark Prionace glauca L. is one of the most heavily fished elasmobranchs, although information regarding metal contamination and detoxification in this species is notably lacking.

A Review on Atmospheric Analysis Focusing on Public Health, Environmental Legislation and Chemical Characterization.

Atmospheric pollution has been considered one of the most important topics in environmental science once it can be related to the incidence of respiratory diseases, climate change, and others. Knowing the composition of this complex and variable mixture of gases and particulate matter is crucial to understand the damages it causes, help establish limit levels, reduce emissions, and mitigate risks. In this work, the current scenario of the legislation and guideline values for indoor and outdoor atmospheric parameters will be reviewed, focusing on the inorganic and organic compositions of particulate matter and on biomonitoring.

On mobulid rays and metals: Metal content for the first Mobula mobular record for the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil and a review on metal ecotoxicology assessments for the Manta and Mobula genera.

This study comprises the first record of a juvenile Giant Devil Ray specimen for Rio de Janeiro, Southeastern Brazil, and its metal and metalloid contents. A scientometric assessment was also performed for the Manta and Mobula genera. Only five records were found, and only As, Cd, Pb, Hg, Pt, Pd and Rh have been assessed.

Elemental Contamination in Brown Mussels (Perna perna) Marketed in Southeastern Brazil.

Perna perna mussels, abundant throughout the Brazilian coast, are routinely applied as bioindicators in environmental monitoring actions due to their sessile and filter-feeding characteristics. In addition, they are noteworthy for their food importance, especially for coastal populations. In this context, the aim of this study was to investigate elemental contamination in commercially marketed and highly consumed P.