Hedgehog components are overexpressed in a series of liver cancer cases.

Liver cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), are the sixth most common cancer and the third leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, representing a global public health problem. This study evaluated nine patients with HCC. Six of the cases involved hepatic explants, and three involved hepatic segmentectomy for tumor resection.

Unlocking Overexpressed Membrane Proteins to Guide Breast Cancer Precision Medicine.

Breast cancer (BC) is a prevalent form of cancer affecting women worldwide. However, the effectiveness of current BC drugs is limited by issues such as systemic toxicity, drug resistance, and severe side effects. Consequently, there is an urgent need for new therapeutic targets and improved tumor tracking methods.

Aptamer-Based Recognition of Breast Tumor Cells: A New Era for Breast Cancer Diagnosis.

Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of death among women worldwide and can be classified into four major distinct molecular subtypes based on the expression of specific receptors. Despite significant advances, the lack of biomarkers for detailed diagnosis and prognosis remains a major challenge in the field of oncology. This study aimed to identify short single-stranded oligonucleotides known as aptamers to improve breast cancer diagnosis.

Fibromodulin Gene Variants () as Potential Biomarkers for Prostate Cancer and Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia.

By the year 2050, the world's elderly population may increase exponentially, raising the rate of disease characteristic of this group, such as prostate cancer (PCa) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Prostate disorders have a multifactorial etiology, especially age and genetic factors. Currently, PCa is the second most frequent neoplasm in the male population worldwide.

Biotechnological Evolution of siRNA Molecules: From Bench Tool to the Refined Drug.

The depth and versatility of siRNA technologies enable their use in disease targets that are undruggable by small molecules or that seek to achieve a refined turn-off of the genes for any therapeutic area. Major extracellular barriers are enzymatic degradation of siRNAs by serum endonucleases and RNAases, renal clearance of the siRNA delivery system, the impermeability of biological membranes for siRNA, activation of the immune system, plasma protein sequestration, and capillary endothelium crossing. To overcome the intrinsic difficulties of the use of siRNA molecules, therapeutic applications require nanometric delivery carriers aiming to protect double-strands and deliver molecules to target cells.

Precision Medicine: Technological Impact into Breast Cancer Diagnosis, Treatment and Decision Making.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women, impacting 2.1 million women each year. The number of publications on BC is much higher than for any other type of tumor, as well as the number of clinical trials.

Pieces of the Complex Puzzle of Cancer Cell Energy Metabolism: An Overview of Energy Metabolism and Alternatives for Targeted Cancer Therapy.

Over the past decades, several advances in cancer cell biology have led to relevant details about a phenomenon called the 'Warburg effect'. Currently, it has been accepted that the Warburg effect is not compatible with all cancer cells, and thus the process of aerobic glycolysis is now challenged by the knowledge of a large number of cells presenting mitochondrial function. The energy metabolism of cancer cells is focused on the bioenergetic and biosynthetic pathways in order to meet the requirements of rapid proliferation.

Antitumor Activity of Lankacidin Group Antibiotics Is Due to Microtubule Stabilization via a Paclitaxel-like Mechanism.

Lankacidin group antibiotics show strong antimicrobial activity against various Gram-positive bacteria. In addition, they were shown to have considerable antitumor activity against certain cell line models. For decades, the antitumor activity of lankacidin was associated with the mechanism of its antimicrobial action, which is interference with peptide bond formation during protein synthesis.

Chemical synthesis, pharmacological evaluation and in silico analysis of new 2,3,3a,4,5,6-hexahydrocyclopenta[c]pyrazole derivatives as potential anti-mitotic agents.

We have synthesized new, biologically active mono- and di-substituted 2,3,3a,4,5,6-hexahydrocyclopenta[c]pyrazole derivatives bearing electron withdrawing groups and electron donating groups. These derivative structures were characterized by their spectral and analytical data. The newly synthesized hexahydropyrazole analogues were evaluated for their in vitro anticancer activity against breast and lung cancer cell lines using a cytotoxicity bioassay.

Toward precision medicine of breast cancer.

In this review, we report on breast cancer's molecular features and on how high throughput technologies are helping in understanding the dynamics of tumorigenesis and cancer progression with the aim of developing precision medicine methods. We first address the current state of the art in breast cancer therapies and challenges in order to progress towards its cure. Then, we show how the interaction of high-throughput technologies with in silico modeling has led to set up useful inferences for promising strategies of target-specific therapies with low secondary effect incidence for patients.

Osteopontin-c mediates the upregulation of androgen responsive genes in LNCaP cells through PI3K/Akt and androgen receptor signaling.

Androgen receptor (AR) signaling is a key pathway modulating prostate cancer (PCa) progression. Several steps in this pathway have been investigated in order to propose novel treatment strategies for advanced PCa. Total osteopontin (OPN) has been described as a biomarker for PCa, in addition to its role in activating the progression of this tumor.