Transmission Electron Microscopy of the Presbylarynx in the Process of Voice Aging.

Introduction: Microscopy studies of presbylarynx have identified epithelial atrophy, as well as vocal muscle atrophy, increased collagen, and decreased nonfibrous proteins of the extracellular matrix. Studies on the ultrastructure of presbylarynx are rare and can help us understand the pathophysiology of presbyphonia.

Objective: To describe details on the ultrastructure of presbylarynx by transmission electron microscopy (TEM).

Scanning Electron Microscopy of the Presbylarynx.

Objective: To describe the findings on the presbylarynx under scanning electron microscopy.

Study Design: Cadaver study.

Setting: Universidade Estadual Paulista (Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil).

Voice Disorders: Etiology and Diagnosis.

Objectives: Voice disorders affect adults and children and have different causes in different age groups. The aim of the study is to present the etiology and diagnosis dysphonia in a large population of patients with this voice disorder.for dysphonia of a large population of dysphonic patients.

Alterations in extracellular matrix composition in the aging larynx.

Objective: To study by immunohistochemistry the alterations of collagens I, III, IV, and V and elastin in the aging process of the human larynx.

Study Design: Cadaver study.

Setting: Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Brazil.

Scanning electron microscopy of the tongue, pharynx, and larynx of rats exposed to cigarette smoke.

Objective: To examine, by using scanning electron microscopy, the surface of the tongue, pharynx, and larynx of animals exposed to tobacco.

Study Design: Experimental study.

Methods: Twenty rats were allocated to two groups: group I, control group: 10 rats not exposed to any inhaling pollutant and group II, tobacco group: 10 rats exposed to smoke from 10 cigarettes twice a day for 260 days.

Prevalence of broncopulmonary and otorhinolaryngologic symptoms in children under investigation for gastroesophageal reflux disease: retrospective analysis.

Unlabelled: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common ailment in children, adding up to the evidence that gastroesophageal reflux is an important cofactor in upper airway disorders, especially in the pediatric population. It is very common for it to impact the upper and lower airways. Our goal was to assess the presence of otorhinolaryngological symptoms in children aged between one and twelve years in whom gastroesophageal reflux is suspected.