Ganglion cyst in children: Reviewing treatment and recurrence rates.

Background: Pediatric hand and wrist ganglia seem to have different epidemiological characteristics than those of adults - a majority are found on the volar aspect of the hands and wrists of patients younger than 10 years of age.

Objective: To determine the epidemiology, etiological factors, clinical presentation, treatment and outcome of patients with ganglion cysts at The Hospital for Sick Children (Toronto, Ontario).

Methods: The records of the pathology department at The Hospital for Sick Children were searched for all cases of ganglion cyst operated on between January 2000 and December 2008.

Juvenile xanthogranuloma: case report and review of the literature.

The present case report describes a juvenile xanthogranuloma in a five-month-old girl. A circumscribed papule was located below the right nasal ala and above the right vermilion border. The lesion was histologically diagnosed as a juvenile xanthogranuloma after surgical resection of the mass.

Extraskeletal Ewing's sarcoma in a great toe of a young boy.

Extraskeletal Ewing's sarcoma (EES) is a rare, soft tissue, malignant neoplasm histologically similar to skeletal Ewing's sarcoma. It occurs mainly in adolescents and young adults, and affects extremities in 36% of cases and central locations (commonly paravertebral regions) in the remainder. The differential diagnosis includes other small, blue, round cell tumours.

Pilomatricoma: experience of the hospital for sick children.

Background: Pilomatricoma (calcifying epithelioma of Malherbe) is a common skin neoplasm in the pediatric population that is often misdiagnosed as other skin conditions or tumours.

Objectives: The objective of the present retrospective study was to review the clinical and histopathological presentation of this neoplasm in children.

Methods: The records of the pathology department at The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, were searched for all cases of pilomatricoma between 2001 and 2006.