LVI-PathNet: Segmentation-classification pipeline for detection of lymphovascular invasion in whole slide images of lung adenocarcinoma.

Lymphovascular invasion (LVI) in lung cancer is a significant prognostic factor that influences treatment and outcomes, yet its reliable detection is challenging due to interobserver variability. This study aims to develop a deep learning model for LVI detection using whole slide images (WSIs) and evaluate its effectiveness within a pathologist's information system. Experienced pathologists annotated blood vessels and invading tumor cells in 162 WSIs of non-mucinous lung adenocarcinoma sourced from two external and one internal datasets.

Photoplethysmography-Based Angiography of Skin Tumors in Arbitrary Areas of Human Body.

Noninvasive, rapid, and robust diagnostic techniques for clinical screening of tumors located in arbitrary areas of the human body are in demand. To address this challenge, we analyzed the feasibility of photoplethysmography-based angiography for assessing vascular structures within malignant and benign tumors. The proposed hardware and software were approved in a clinical study involving 30 patients with tumors located in the legs, torso, arms, and head.

Morphological Evaluation and Immunohistochemical Analysis of the Reparative Potential of the Buccal Fat Pad.

: There are many surgical techniques for oroantral communication treatment, one of which is the buccal fat pad. Of particular interest is the high reparative potential of the buccal fat pad, which may be contributed to by the presence of mesenchymal stem cells. The purpose of this work is to evaluate the reparative potential of BFP cells using morphological and immunohistochemical examination.

Methotrexate & rheumatoid arthritis associated atherosclerosis: A narrative review of multidisciplinary approach for risk modification by the international board of experts.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an idiopathic, autoimmune connective tissue disorder that primarily affects the synovial joints, causing symmetric, erosive-deforming polyarthritis. It is also associated with extra-articular manifestations, particularly cardiovascular (CV) diseases (CVD). CV risk modification in RA remains unsolved despite recent advances in the management of RA.

Artificial intelligence (AI) for tumor microenvironment (TME) and tumor budding (TB) identification in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients: A systematic review.

Evaluation of the parameters such as tumor microenvironment (TME) and tumor budding (TB) is one of the most important steps in colorectal cancer (CRC) diagnosis and cancer development prognosis. In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) has been successfully used to solve such problems. In this paper, we summarize the latest data on the use of artificial intelligence to predict tumor microenvironment and tumor budding in histological scans of patients with colorectal cancer.

Photodynamic therapy of lung cancer with photosensitizers based on polycationic derivatives of synthetic bacteriochlorin (experimental study).

Background: One of the tasks of anticancer photodynamic therapy is increasing the efficacy of treatment of cancer nodes with large (clinically relevant) sizes using near-infrared photosensitizers (PS).

Methods: The anticancer efficacy and mechanisms of the photodynamic action of PS based on polycationic derivatives of synthetic bacteriochlorin against Lewis lung carcinoma were studied in vitro and in vivo.

Results: It was found that studied PS have high phototoxicity against Lewis lung carcinoma cells: the IC values were about 0.

Digital twin concept: Healthcare, education, research.

Introducing the concept of digital twins in healthcare, medical education, and research is a complex multistage challenge requiring participation of multidisciplinary teams. In pursuing this goal, we have created a validated database of scans of colorectal tumor slides associated with relevant clinical and histological information. This database is also linked to the blood bank, which opens a wide range of opportunities for further research.

Immunohistochemical Analysis of Spermatogenesis in Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Invasion in Different Age Groups.

Based on studies that focused on the effect of SARS-CoV-2 on human tissues, not only pulmonary invasion was revealed, but also impaired testicular function. Thus, the study of the mechanisms of influence of SARS-CoV-2 on spermatogenesis is still relevant. Of particular interest is the study of pathomorphological changes in men of different age groups.

Cerium-Containing N-Acetyl-6-Aminohexanoic Acid Formulation Accelerates Wound Reparation in Diabetic Animals.

Background: The main goal of our study was to explore the wound-healing property of a novel cerium-containing N-acethyl-6-aminohexanoate acid compound and determine key molecular targets of the compound mode of action in diabetic animals.

Methods: Cerium N-acetyl-6-aminohexanoate (laboratory name LHT-8-17) as a 10 mg/mL aquatic spray was used as wound experimental topical therapy. LHT-8-17 toxicity was assessed in human skin epidermal cell culture using (4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay.

Prognostic Role of Expression Status and Tumor-Related MicroRNAs Level in Association with PD-L1 Expression in Primary Luminal Non-Muscular Invasive Bladder Carcinoma.

Background: bladder cancer is one of the most common urinary tract malignancies. Establishment of robust predictors of disease progression and outcome is important for personalizing treatment of non-muscular invasive bladder carcinoma (NMIBC). In this study we evaluated association of PD-L1 expression with other prognostic biomarkers, such as expression of miRNA-145 and miRNA-200a, gene expression, and mutation status in tissue specimens of the luminal subtype of newly diagnosed high and low grade NMIBC.

Patient-Derived Non-Muscular Invasive Bladder Cancer Xenografts of Main Molecular Subtypes of the Tumor for Anti-Pd-l1 Treatment Assessment.

Background: Establishment of heterotopic patient-derived xenografts of primary and relapsed non-muscular invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) to explore the biological property of PD-L1 signaling that may impact bladder tumor growth in humanized animals.

Methods: Tumor cells of luminal, basal, and p53 subtypes of primary and relapsed NMIBC were engrafted to irradiated (3.5 Gy) NOG/SCID female mice along with intraperitoneal transplantation of human lymphocytes (5 × 10 cells/mouse); a role of PD-L1 signaling pathway inhibition for bladder cancer growth was assessed in humanized animals that carried PD-L1-expressing main molecular subtypes of bladder carcinoma patient-derived xenografts (PDX) and provided with selective anti-PD-L1 treatment.

Structural, immunohistochemical and molecular features of placentas and placental sites after in vitro fertilization with donor eggs (surrogate motherhood).

Objective: to identify structural, immunohistochemical and molecular features of placentas and placental sites afterin vitro fertilization (IVF) with donor eggs (surrogate motherhood).

Study Design: morphological and immunohistochemical studies were performed on placental material obtained after delivery by caesarean section. The study included 26 women patients whose pregnancy resulted from IVF with a donor egg (IVF-SM group).