Anovaginal Colonization by Group B and among Pregnant Women in Brazil and Its Association with Clinical Features.

(Group B ; GBS) is a leading cause of neonatal invasive disease worldwide. GBS can colonize the human gastrointestinal and genitourinary tracts, and the anovaginal colonization of pregnant women is the main source for neonatal infection. , in turn, can colonize the human upper respiratory, gastrointestinal, and genitourinary tracts but has rarely been observed causing disease.

: A New Emerging Threat in Brazil?

Human activity directly or indirectly causes climate change, promoting changes in the composition of the atmosphere. This change is beyond the variation of the natural climate. In this manner, climate change could create an environmental pressure which is enough to trigger new fungal diseases.

Changes in Group B Colonization among Pregnant Women before and after the Onset of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Brazil.

Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a leading cause of neonatal infections. The genitourinary and gastrointestinal tract of pregnant women are the main source of transmission to newborns. This work investigated the prevalence and characterized GBS from pregnant women in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, comparing the periods before (January 2019 to March 2020; 521) and during (May 2020 to March 2021; 285) the COVID-19 pandemic.

Unusual finding of the human-adapted hypervirulent serotype III/ST17 clone in a historical bovine Group B Streptococcus isolate from Brazil.

Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a leading cause of human neonatal infections and bovine mastitis. We report here the unusual finding of the human-adapted hypervirulent serotype III/ST17 clone in a bovine GBS isolated in 1987 in Brazil. This isolate shared several phenotypic and genotypic characteristics with serotype III/ST17 strains obtained from human sources, including PFGE pattern, pilus genes, lactose fermentation, DNase activity, and antimicrobial susceptibility profile, highlighting the importance of continued tracking of GBS in the One Health scope.

Going Online in Pandemic Time: A DivulgaMicro Workshop Experience.

DivulgaMicro is a Brazilian science communication and outreach project run by three young female scientists. In 2020, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, we promoted the first virtual edition of the DivulgaMicro Workshop. Here, we describe adaptations implemented to deliver the virtual edition and its assessment by the participants.

MALDI-TOF MS: An alternative approach for ribotyping Clostridioides difficile isolates in Brazil.

Clostridioides difficile is an important organism causing healthcare-associated infections. It has been documented that specific strains caused multiple outbreaks globally, and patients infected with those strains are more likely to develop severe C. difficile infection (CDI).

Biofilm production and distribution of pilus variants among isolated from human and animal sources.

(group B , GBS) is a major pathogen in humans and animals. Pili and biofilm may be important virulence factors in this bacterial species. Here, biofilm production and the distribution of pilus variants among 134 GBS isolates from human and animal sources were evaluated.

: A Brazilian Initiative To Empower Early-Career Scientists with Science Communication Skills.

Communication is fundamental in science. Among scientists, communication skills are required to write a comprehensible scientific manuscript or to prepare an attractive oral presentation. In addition, the ability to communicate successfully with the nonscientific community has been increasingly appreciated, as it represents the most effective way to promote popular scientific literacy.

The Convergent Effect of International Collaboration between Young Leaders of Two Global Societies: Strengthening Microbiology Education and Training Practices Worldwide.

There has never been a more critical time than the present for young microbiologists to engage in continuous postgraduate education. Next-generation microbiologists need to integrate several scientific disciplines in the early stages of their careers to keep up with the ever-changing nature of microbiology (advent of high-throughput sequencing platforms, bioinformatics, complex omic, culture and systems-biology approaches) and to ensure timely response to the current global health and biodiversity threats. Here we propose that international collaboration of young experts would help to address the challenges in microbiology training and serve as a communication bridge between senior and early career scientists.

Evolution of Penicillin Non-susceptibility Among Isolates Recovered From Asymptomatic Carriage and Invasive Disease Over 25 years in Brazil, 1990-2014.

is a major cause of community-acquired pneumonia and meningitis, and it is also found as a commensal, colonizing the human upper respiratory tract of a portion of the human population. Its polysaccharide capsule allows the recognition of more than 90 capsular types and represents the target of the currently available pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs), such as the 10-valent (PCV10) and the 13-valent (PCV13). Penicillin non-susceptible pneumococci (PNSP) have been listed as one of the current major antimicrobial-resistant pathogen threats.

Conjugative transfer of resistance determinants among human and bovine Streptococcus agalactiae.

Streptococcus agalactiae (GBS) is a major source of human perinatal diseases and bovine mastitis. Erythromycin (Ery) and tetracycline (Tet) are usually employed for preventing human and bovine infections although resistance to such agents has become common among GBS strains. Ery and Tet resistance genes are usually carried by conjugative transposons (CTns) belonging to the Tn916 family, but their presence and transferability among GBS strains have not been totally explored.

Nasopharyngeal carriage, serotype distribution and antimicrobial resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae among children from Brazil before the introduction of the 10-valent conjugate vaccine.

Background: Streptococcus pneumoniae remains a major cause of childhood morbidity and mortality worldwide. Nasopharyngeal colonization plays an important role in the development and transmission of pneumococcal diseases, and infants and young children are considered to be the main reservoir of this pathogen. The aim of this study was to evaluate the rates and characteristics associated with nasopharyngeal carriage, the distribution of serotypes and the antimicrobial resistance profiles of Streptococcus pneumoniae among children in a large metropolitan area in Brazil before the introduction of the 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine.

Distribution of serotypes and evaluation of antimicrobial susceptibility among human and bovine Streptococcus agalactiae strains isolated in Brazil between 1980 and 2006.

Streptococcus agalactiae is a common agent of clinical and subclinical bovine mastitis and an important cause of human infections, mainly among pregnant women, neonates and nonpregnant adults with underlying diseases. The present study describes the genetic and phenotypic diversity among 392 S. agalactiae human and bovine strains isolated between 1980 and 2006 in Brazil.