New Disability in a Cohort Study of Older Men-The Manitoba Follow-Up Study.

Background: There is a large literature on the prevalence of disability in older men, but less data on the incidence of new disability.

Objectives: 1. To determine the incidence of moderate-to-severe disability in a prospective cohort study of aging men; and 2.

Enhancing Transfection Efficacy in Glioma Cells: A Comparison of Microfluidic Manual Polypropylenimine Dendriplex Formation.

Background: Gene therapy is a promising therapeutic approach for treating various disorders by introducing modified nucleic acids to correct cellular dysfunctions or introduce new functions. Despite significant advancements in the field, the effective delivery of nucleic acids remains a challenge, due to biological barriers and the immune system's ability to target and destroy these molecules. Due to their branched structure and ability to condense negatively charged nucleic acids, cationic dendrimers have shown potential in overcoming these challenges.

Poor sleep quality, dementia status and their association with all-cause mortality among older US adults.

Background: Evidence points to associations between sleep quality, dementia, and mortality. We examined whether poor sleep quality mediated or moderated the association between dementia and mortality risk among older US adults and vice versa, and whether these associations differed by sex and by race.

Methods: The study investigated bi-directional associations between sleep quality, dementia and mortality in older US adults using data from the Health and Retirement Study ( = 6,991, mean age = 78.

Correction: Self-reported factors associated with community ambulation after stroke: The Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Kisspeptin a potential therapeutic target in treatment of both metabolic and reproductive dysfunction.

Kisspeptins (KPs) are proteins that were first recognized to have antimetastatic action. Later, the critical role of this peptide in the regulation of reproduction was proved. In recent years, evidence has been accumulated supporting a role for KPs in regulating metabolic processes in a sexual dimorphic manner.

Consumers' Experiences of Comprehensive-Prepared Graduate Nurses and Their Nursing Care in Acute Mental Health Settings.

Pre-registration nursing education has long moved away from preparing nurses with mental health specialisation to nurses with comprehensive knowledge and skills. However, the consumers' experiences of comprehensive-prepared nurses and their nursing care has not been widely explored. This paper reports on a study with consumers to explore their experiences with comprehensive-prepared graduate nurses and the nursing care that they provide in acute mental health settings.

Self-reported factors associated with community ambulation after stroke: The Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging.

Community ambulation is frequently limited for people with stroke. It is, however, considered important to people with stroke. The objectives were to identify factors associated with self-reported community ambulation in Canadians aged 45+ with stroke and to identify factors associated with community ambulation specific to Canadian males and to Canadian females with stroke.

Cardiac function may be compromised in patients with elevated blood cobalt levels secondary to metal-on-metal hip implants.

Aims: Elevated blood cobalt levels secondary to metal-on-metal (MoM) hip arthroplasties are a suggested risk factor for developing cardiovascular complications including cardiomyopathy. Clinical studies assessing patients with MoM hips using left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) have found conflicting evidence of cobalt-induced cardiomyopathy. Global longitudinal strain (GLS) is an echocardiography measurement known to be more sensitive than LVEF when diagnosing early cardiomyopathies.

How well do obesity indices predict undiagnosed hypertension in the Persian cohort (Shahedieh) adults community population of all ages?

Background And Aims: Hypertension is the leading preventable risk factor for cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease and cognitive impairment, and mortality and disability worldwide. Since prevention, early detection, and treatment of blood pressure improve public health, the aim of present study was to determine the best obesity indices and estimate the optimal cut-off point for each one to predict the risk of elevated/stage 1 and undiagnosed hypertension in the population of center of Iran based on American ACC/AHA 2020 guidelines.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 9715 people who enrolled in 2018 in Persian Adult Cohort in Shahedieh area of Yazd, Iran in 2018.

Community ambulation in older adults and people with OA - a model verification using Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA) data.

Background: There are health and well-being benefits of community ambulation; however, many older adults do not regularly walk outside of their home. Objectives were to estimate the associations between latent constructs related to community ambulation in older adults aged 65-85 (65+), and in adults with osteoarthritis (OA) aged 45-85.

Methods: Secondary data analysis of the comprehensive baseline and maintaining contact questionnaire data from the Canadian Longitudinal Study of Aging (CLSA) was completed.

Verification of a comprehensive framework for mobility using data from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging: a structural equation modeling analysis.

Background: Mobility within and between life spaces is fundamental for health and well-being. Our objective was to verify a comprehensive framework for mobility.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study.

Transferrin-Bearing, Zein-Based Hybrid Lipid Nanoparticles for Drug and Gene Delivery to Prostate Cancer Cells.

Gene therapy holds great promise for treating prostate cancer unresponsive to conventional therapies. However, the lack of delivery systems that can transport therapeutic DNA and drugs while targeting tumors without harming healthy tissues presents a significant challenge. This study aimed to explore the potential of novel hybrid lipid nanoparticles, composed of biocompatible zein and conjugated to the cancer-targeting ligand transferrin.

Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Assistive Technology for Executive Function Support for People With Acquired Brain Injury: Protocol for Single-Case Experimental Designs.

Background: Executive function, including prospective memory, initiating, planning, and sequencing everyday activities, is frequently affected by acquired brain injury (ABI). Executive dysfunction necessitates the use of compensatory cognitive strategies and, in more severe cases, human support over time. To compensate for the executive dysfunction experienced, growing options for electronic mainstream and assistive technologies may be used by people with ABI and their supporters.

Communication and Psychosocial Outcomes 2-Years After Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: Development of a Prognostic Model.

Objective: To examine predictive factors underlying communication and psychosocial outcomes at 2 years post-injury. Prognosis of communication and psychosocial outcomes after severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) is largely unknown yet is relevant for clinical service provision, resource allocation, and managing patient and family expectations for recovery.

Design: A prospective longitudinal inception design was employed with assessments at 3 months, 6 months, and 2 years.

A randomized controlled trial of cognitive behavioural therapy for managing anxiety in adolescents with acquired brain injury.

The aim of this randomized controlled trial was to evaluate an adapted cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) programme for treating anxiety in adolescents with acquired brain injury (ABI). Participants with ABI (12-19 years,  = 36) recruited from two sites were randomly allocated into either the intervention receiving 11 sessions of CBT ( = 19) or a wait-list control group ( = 17). The primary outcome was participants' anxiety and secondary outcomes were participants' depression, self-perception, and participation in daily activities, and parental stress, measured at (i) pre-intervention, (ii) immediately post-intervention, (iii) 2 months post-intervention and (iv) 6 months post-intervention.

Factors associated with social participation and community ambulation in people with osteoarthritis: Findings from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging.

Aim: Walking in the community allows participation in meaningful activities which positively influences self-rated health and quality of life. Our objective was to identify factors associated with social participation and community ambulation in a representative sample of Canadian adults with osteoarthritis (OA).

Methods: Data were from >3800 participants in the Baseline Tracking Dataset of the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging with OA of the hip and/or knee.

Prevalence of obesity and elevated body mass index along a progression of rurality: A cross-sectional study - The Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging.

Introduction: Obesity is an important public health concern, and large studies of rural-urban differences in prevalence of obesity are lacking. Our purpose is to compare body mass index (BMI) and obesity in Canada using an expanded definition of rurality.

Methods: A cross-sectional analysis of self-reported BMI across diverse communities of Canadians aged 45-85 years was conducted using data from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA), a national sample representative of community-dwelling residents.

Predictive validity of the Westmead Post-Traumatic Amnesia Scale for functional outcomes in school-aged children who sustained traumatic brain injury.

The Westmead Post-Traumatic Amnesia Scale (WPTAS) is routinely used for the assessment of post-traumatic amnesia (PTA) in children who sustained traumatic brain injury (TBI). Yet, the WPTAS' predictive validity for functional outcomes is largely unknown. We aimed to determine whether PTA duration measured by the WPTAS (i) differentially predicts functional outcomes and (ii) contributes to predictions of outcomes beyond the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) in children who sustained TBI.

Project VITAL at Home: Impact of Technology on Loneliness and Well-Being of Family Caregivers of People with Dementia.

Objectives: Project VITAL At Home aimed to combat social isolation and loneliness in family caregivers of people with dementia through purposeful engagement and connection. This project examined the effects of technology on caregiver loneliness and well-being, as well as their technology experiences, during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: Family caregivers were provided iN2L tablets and access to Alzheimer's Association supportive programs.

Targeting 17β-estradiol biosynthesis in neural stem cells improves stroke outcome.

Dax-1 (dosage-sensitive sex reversal adrenal hypoplasia congenital region on X-chromosome gene 1) blocks 17β-estradiol biosynthesis and its knockdown would be expected to increase 17β-estradiol production. We hypothesized that knockdown of Dax-1 in a conditionally immortalized neural stem cell (NSC) line, MHP36, is a useful approach to increase 17β-estradiol production. Short hairpin (sh) RNA targeted to in NSCs, namely MHP36-Dax1KD cells, resulted in the degradation of RNA and attenuation of Dax-1 protein expression.

Life Course Predictors of Young Men Surviving to Age 90 in a Cohort Study: The Manitoba Follow-up Study.

The purpose of this study was to identify factors at various time points in life that are associated with surviving to age 90. Data from men enrolled in a cohort study since 1948 were considered in 12-year intervals. Logistic regression models were constructed with the outcome of surviving to age 90.

Not Only Systemin: Prosystemin Harbors Other Active Regions Able to Protect Tomato Plants.

Prosystemin is a 200-amino acid precursor expressed in Solanaceae plants which releases at the C-terminal part a peptidic hormone called Systemin in response to wounding and herbivore attack. We recently showed that Prosystemin is not only a mere scaffold of Systemin but, even when deprived of Systemin, is biologically active. These results, combined with recent discoveries that Prosystemin is an intrinsically disordered protein containing disordered regions within its sequence, prompted us to investigate the N-terminal portions of the precursor, which contribute to the greatest disorder within the sequence.

Frequency of data collection and estimation of trajectories of physical functioning and their associations with survival in older men: analyses of longitudinal data from the Manitoba Follow-Up Study.

Objective: In studies of trajectories of physical functioning among older people, the data cannot be measured continuously, but only at certain time points in prespecified cycles. We examine how data collection cycles can affect the estimation of trajectories and their associations with survival.

Study Design And Setting: Longitudinal data from the Manitoba Follow-Up Study (MFUS), with 12 measurements collected annually from 2004 to 2015, are analysed using a summary measures of physical functioning from the Short Form-36 questionnaire.

Lactoferrin- and Dendrimer-Bearing Gold Nanocages for Stimulus-Free DNA Delivery to Prostate Cancer Cells.

Background: The use of gene therapy to treat prostate cancer is hampered by the lack of effective nanocarriers that can selectively deliver therapeutic genes to cancer cells. To overcome this, we hypothesize that conjugating lactoferrin, a tumor-targeting ligand, and the diaminobutyric polypropylenimine dendrimer into gold nanocages, followed by complexation with a plasmid DNA, would enhance gene expression and anti-proliferation activity in prostate cancer cells without the use of external stimuli.

Methods: Novel gold nanocages bearing lactoferrin and conjugated to diaminobutyric polypropylenimine dendrimer (AuNCs-DAB-Lf) were synthesized and characterized.